scholarly journals P1080INCREASE OF POST DIALYSIS HEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION IS MORE APPROPRIATELY EXPLAINED BY PLASMA VOLUME CHANGE THAN INTRADIALYTIC WEIGH LOST

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Babalj Banskolieva ◽  
Risto Grozdanovski ◽  
Katerina Spaseska Gjurovska ◽  
Marko Ilievski ◽  
Biljana Filipovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Volume Change ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Clinical Instability ◽  
Plasma Volume Change ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background and Aims It is well known that haemoglobin significantly increases after haemodialysis and it is associated with the rate of weight loss during dialysis. However, it has been shown that the increase in haemoglobin is not always proportional to the rate of body weight loss during haemodialysis (ultrafiltration). The purpose of the study was to investigate the correlation between haemoglobin changes, body weight loss and plasma volume changes during haemodialysis Method A prospective study was performed on 92 patients in mid-week treatments. Pre-dialysis and post-dialysis haemoglobin and weight were measured. 27 patients were excluded because clinical instability, no change or a decrease in Hb and low pre-dialysis haemoglobin (< 9 g/dL). The correlation was statistically significant between %ΔPV and ΔHb in both groups (R2=0.59), whereas the correlation between %ΔBW and ΔHb was lower (R2=0.19). So, analysis show that only 19% of the variability in haemoglobin is explained by %ΔBW, and that 59% of the variability in haemoglobin is explained by %ΔPV. Results The mean age was 61.16 ± 13.11 year. The men were 52 (56%). The mean pre-dialysis Hb was 11.31 ± 1.16 g/dL, the mean post-dialysis Hb level was 12.53 ± 1.47 g/dL. The mean absolute change of haemoglobin (ΔHb g/dL) and percent of change of haemoglobin (%ΔHb) were 1.22 ± 0.76 and 9.44 ± 5.31, respectively. Average percent of weight change (%ΔBW) was - 2.44 ± 1.01. Percent of plasma volume change was - 9.22 ± 5.46. The patients were divided in two groups according post-dialysis haemoglobin level: Group A with haemoglobin Hb < 13 g/dL (64 patients) and group B with Hb ≥13 g/dL (28 patients). The mean time average haemoglobin concentration (TAC Hb) in all patients was 11.68 ± 1.11 g/dL.(Predicted Hb TAC was calculated according Krisper′s formula) In both groups there was an increase in %ΔHb, but in the group with post dialysis Hb ≥ 13 g/dL, %ΔHb was greater than in group B with post dialysis Hb < 13 g/dL (13.08 ± 5.11 versus 7.87± 4.61, P = 0.000) despite the relatively small difference of %ΔBW between the two groups (- 2.85 ± 0.95 versus - 2.23 ± 1.02; P = 0.010). However, the difference in %ΔPV between the two groups was significant (- 12.90 ± 5.63 versus - 7.61 ± 4.57; P < 0.000). Conclusion The intradialytic changes in haemoglobin levels are predominantly determined by changes in plasma volume. Changes in body weight are of little predictive value in evaluation of variation of haemoglobin levels. TAC Hb determination should be performed in patients with large variations in plasma volume, because the plasma volume has very little effect on TAC Hb.

scholarly journals Influence of Hemofiltration on Intradialytic Plasma Volume Decrease

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
Masayuki  Tanemoto ◽  
Takeshi  Tomita ◽  
Yosuke  Motoharu ◽  
Masahiro  Urata ◽  
Yukio  Okazaki
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Intradialytic Hypotension ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Online Mode ◽  
Maintenance Dialysis ◽  
Volume Decrease

Background/Aims: Compared with hemodialysis (HD), hemodiafiltration (HDF) reduces the frequency of episodes of intradialytic hypotension. Intradialytic plasma volume decrease (IPVD) induced by ultrafiltration is a leading cause of the episodes, and hemofiltration might have a preventive effect on IPVD. This study examined whether online HDF (ol-HDF) prevented IPVD compared with HD. Methods: Online HDF of pre-dilution mode (pre-ol-HDF) and post-dilution mode (post-ol-HDF) and HD were performed in 22 patients on maintenance dialysis. In each session, IPVD was calculated by using an intradialytic change in hematocrit, and IPVD in pre-ol-HDF and post-ol-HDF was compared with that in HD in a crossover manner. Results: While the ratios of intradialytic body weight loss to post-dialysis BW (IBWL/BW) in ol-HDF were generally smaller than those in HD, the levels of IPVD and IPVD/IBWL/BW were generally larger than those in HD; the IPVD levels were 0.108 ± 0.058, 0.113 ± 0.053, and 0.101 ± 0.057 (P = 0.67), and those of IPVD/IWL/BW were 2.21 ± 0.97, 2.32 ± 0.91, and 1.98 ± 1.14 (P = 0.21) in pre-ol-HDF, post-ol-HDF, and HD, respectively. Conclusion: Online mode hemofiltration, in either pre-dilution mode or post-dilution mode, performed in combination with hemodialysis has no preventive effect on IPVD.

Maintenance of Plasma Volume and Serum Sodium Concentration Despite Body Weight Loss in Ironman Triathletes

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Hew-Butler ◽  
Malcolm Collins ◽  
Andrew Bosch ◽  
Karen Sharwood ◽  
Gary Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Serum Sodium Concentration

scholarly journals Effect of sodium in a rehydration beverage when consumed as a fluid or meal

1998 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1329-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda L. Ray ◽  
Mark W. Bryan ◽  
Timothy M. Ruden ◽  
Shawn M. Baier ◽  
Rick L. Sharp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Liquid Meal ◽  
The Impact

To investigate the impact of fluid composition on rehydration effectiveness, 30 subjects (15 men and 15 women) were studied during 2 h of rehydration after a 2.5% body weight loss. In a randomized crossover design, subjects rehydrated with water (H2O), chicken broth (CB: 109.5 mmol/l Na, 25.3 mmol/l K), a carbohydrate-electrolyte drink (CE: 16.0 mmol/l Na, 3.3 mmol/l K), and chicken noodle soup (Soup: 333.8 mmol/l Na, 13.7 mmol/l K). Subjects ingested 175 ml at the start of rehydration and 20 min later; H2O was given every 20 min thereafter for a total volume equal to body weight loss during dehydration. At the end of the rehydration period, plasma volume was not significantly different from predehydration values in the CB (−1.6 ± 1.1%) and Soup (−1.4 ± 0.9%) trials. In contrast, plasma volume remained significantly ( P < 0.01) below predehydration values in the H2O (−5.6 ± 1.1%) and CE (−4.2 ± 1.0%) trials after the rehydration period. Urine volume was greater in the CE (310 ± 30 ml) than in the CB (188 ± 20 ml) trial. Urine osmolality was higher in the CB and Soup trials than in the CE trial. Urinary sodium concentration was higher in the Soup and CB trials than in the CE and H2O trials. These results provide evidence that the inclusion of sodium in rehydration beverages, as well as consumption of a sodium-containing liquid meal, increases fluid retention and improves plasma volume restoration.

Developmental growth and body weight loss of cattle. IV. Chemical components of the commercially dressed and jointed carcass

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Seebeck ◽  
NM Tulloh
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Chemical Component ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Single Chemical ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

This paper describes a study of chemical components of the carcasses from Angus steers. The left side of each carcass was jointed commercially and each joint was analysed for protein (N x 6.25), water, ash, and fat (ether extract). Two groups of steers were used, viz. group A which grew continuously and group B which grew like group A and were then subjected to a period of weight loss before slaughter. Corresponding animals in both groups were killed at the same body weight. Statistical analysis was by analyses of covariance of the weights of components converted to logarithms. As carcass weight increased, the proportions in the carcass of protein, water, and ash decreased while the proportion of chemical fat increased. When carcass composition was calculated on a fat-free basis, there were significant changes in the proportions of protein, water, and ash as the weight of the fat-free carcass increased during the age range of 12 to 24 months. These are contrary indications to the theory of chemical maturity put forward by Moulton (1923). As carcass weight increased, the weight of each chemical component increased but changes occurred in the distribution throughout the carcass of protein, ash, and chemical fat. The effect of the weight loss treatment on the proportion of each chemical component was independent of carcass weight. When group A and group B animals were compared at the same carcass weight, weight loss led to a significant increase in the proportion of ash and a significant decrease in that of protein. The weight of ash in group B carcasses was estimated to be slightly less than that expected in these animals at their peak of body weight, i.e. before weight loss commenced. There were significant differences between groups A and B in the distribution of the chemical components (particularly protein and fat); these treatment differences in distribution indicate a limitation to the use of chemical analyses of a single joint for predicting whole carcass composition. When relationships between chemical and dissected components were studied, each single chemical component was well related to its corresponding dissected component. For each dissected component except muscle, however, there were significant differences between groups A and B in the equation of best fit, either in slope or in the intercept (difference between adjusted means). Differences of this type limit the use of chemical analysis for estimating dissected components where differences between groups are being studied.

Developmental growth and body weight loss of cattle. V. Changes in the alimentary tract

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
AB Carnegie ◽  
NM Tulloh ◽  
RM Seebeck
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Developmental Growth ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

This paper describes an investigation of the effects of developmental growth and body weight loss on the alimentary tract of Angus steers. Two groups of steers were used: group A which grew continuously, and group B which grew like group A and were then subjected to a period of weight loss before slaughter. Corresponding animals in both groups were killed at the same body weights. Group A animals (and group B animals before the commencement of weight loss) were fed on a high quality ration ad libitum. During their period of weight loss the group B animals were given a restricted intake of oaten straw. Statistical analysis was by analysis of covariance of the weights of components converted to logarithms. As empty body weight (EBW) increased, the weight of the empty, fat-trimmed alimentary tract (GT), the weight of each component of GT (oesophagus, rumenreticulum, omasum, abomasum, small intestine, caecum, colon-rectum), and the weight of contents in each component of GT decreased as proportions of EBW. Apart from the oesophagus and the caecum, GT and each of its components did not change significantly in weight as the live body weight of the animals increased from 250 to 400 kg. Thus, developmental growth of the alimentary tract had almost finished when the experiment began. The effect of weight loss on the components of the alimentary tract was independent of EBW except for weight of the rumen-reticulum. This component lost weight in all animals but the loss was relatively smaller in the heavier animals than in the lighter ones. When group A and group B animals were compared at the same EBW, the weight of GT in group B animals was significantly less than in the group A animals. However, the components of GT did not all behave in the same way. Thus the weight of the oesophagus was greater, weights of the abomasum and small intestine were less, and weights of the omasum, caecum, and colon-rectum were not significantly changed in group B animals when compared with group A. Also, there was more digesta and its dry matter percentage was less in group B than in group A. The overall loss of weight of GT during body weight loss was an indication that GT was used as a source of protein and energy. The changes in the weights and relative proportions of the components of GT during weight loss were thought to be a reflection of the change both to a poor quality ration and to a reduced food intake.

Developmental growth and body weight loss of cattle. II. Dissected components of the commercially dressed and jointed carcass

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 477 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Seebeck ◽  
NM Tulloh
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Developmental Growth ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The effects of developmental growth and of body weight loss on the carcass composition of Angus steers, as measured by dissection of butcher's joints, are described. Two groups of steers were used: group A, which grew continuously, and group B, which grew like group A and was then subjected to a period of weight loss before slaughter. Animals in both groups were killed at the same body weights. Statistical analysis consisted of analyses of covariance of weights of components converted to logarithms.The proportions of muscle and bone decreased significantly as carcass weight increased, while the proportions of all fat components (particularly subcutaneous fat and kidney and channel fat) increased. Developmental growth also influenced the distribution of the components in the carcass, particularly muscle, subcutaneous fat, and intermuscular fat. These changes in weight and distribution of components appeared to be detrimental to carcass value per unit weight. During body weight loss, the weights of bone and of connective tissue remained relatively constant, although with bone the rate of change varied significantly with the size of the animal before weight loss. All other components lost weight, approximately reversing the pattern of development during body weight increase (as estimated from the group A animals). The muscle content of the group B animals was, however, significantly lower than in group A animals at the same carcass weight. Kidney and channel fat also tended to be lower in group B than in group A, but this depended on the size of the animal before undergoing body weight loss. When all fat tissues were considered together, group B carcasses were only slightly lower in fat content than group A carcasses at the same carcass weight, and this difference was not statistically significant. Changes in the distribution of dissected components were also shown to occur with body weight loss. The changes in both weight and distribution of the dissected components appeared to be detrimental to carcass value per unit weight.

scholarly journals Effects of Season, Plumage Colour and Transport Distance on Body Weight Loss, Dead-on-Arrival and Reject Rate in Commercial End-of-Lay Hens

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1827
Author(s):  
Enver Çavuşoğlu ◽  
Metin Petek
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
The Body ◽  
Plumage Colour ◽  
Transport Distance ◽  
Transportation Distance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
White Plumage

Transport conditions of end-of-lay hens are important for their welfare. This study investigated the effects of season, plumage colour, and transportation distance on the welfare of end-of-lay hens. Retrospective data from 31,667,274 end-of-lay hens transported to a poultry slaughterhouse in Turkey were analysed. The mean body weight loss, dead-on-arrival (DOA) rate, and reject rate were 3.723%, 1.397%, and 0.616%, respectively. The effects of season, plumage colour, and transport distance on the evaluated parameters were all statistically significant (p < 0.001). The highest body weight loss was found in winter, while the lowest body weight loss was found in autumn. The average DOA rate was highest in spring and lowest in autumn. The highest average reject rate was found in spring (0.630%). Body weight loss, DOA rates, and reject rates were also significantly different among white and brown hens (p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p = 0.016, respectively). The highest body weight loss and reject rates were found in white plumage hens, while the highest DOA rate was found in brown plumage hens. The body weight loss and DOA rate were positively correlated with transportation distance (p < 0.001). The results of this study indicate that more preventive measures should be taken during the transport of end-of-lay hens, especially in cold seasons such as winter, and over longer transport distances, in regard to the welfare of these animals. Additionally, the transport of these animals should be lessened to a certain distance.

The effect of body-weight loss on the composition of Brahman cross and Africander cross steers

1973 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Seebeck
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Loss Treatment ◽  
Hind Gut ◽  
Group B

SummaryComparative slaughter was used to assess the effects of body-weight loss on Brahman cross (BX) and Africander cross (AX) steers of the F3 generation with respect to the empty body weight, the hot carcass weight and various offal components. Animals were slaughtered at design weights of 325, 341, 358, 374 and 390 kg, some while during positive body-weight growth (Group A) and others during weight loss from 390 kg at a rate of 0·5 kg per day (Group B).AX animals had less empty body weight (B. B. W.) and dressed carcass weight (H. C. W.) at the same fasted body weight. Weight loss also reduced the amount of E. B. W. at the same fasted body weight but the effect on H. C. E. was not significant.The breeds were very similar with respect to the various components of the offal, except that the AX had heavier heads. The weight loss treatment increased the proportion of the head, tail and feet, because these comparatively bony structures lost relatively little during the weight loss period. The heart was also relatively increased by the weight loss treatment. The liver, gall bladder, kidneys, total gut tissue, spleen and thymus were reduced relative to E. B. W. in Group B animals. The liver showed its most rapid weight loss in the early period of body-weight loss, being the only organ to show any variation in its rate of change during body-weight loss.Body-weight loss caused changes in the distribution of the gut tissue, with a relative loss in the rumen-reticulum and a relative gain in the hind gut.

The effect of dietary crude protein concentration and time of weaning on milk production and body-weight change in the ewe

1974 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Robinson ◽  
C. Fraser ◽  
J. C. Gill ◽  
I. McHattie
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Body Weight Change ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Incremental Increase

SUMMARYTwenty-seven North Country Cheviot ewes, each carrying twin foetuses and having a mean body weight at 6 weeks prior to parturition of 81 kg were individually penned and offered a constant daily intake of 16·75 MJ metabolizable energy during the last 6 weeks of gestation. At parturition the ewes were allocated to one of three dried grass/concentrate diets containing (1) 10·3, (2) 13·6 or (3) 16·9 % crude protein (CP) and 10 MJ metabolizable energy (ME) per kg. The mean daily CP intakes for diets 1 to 3 were 273, 340 and 415 g respectively and the mean daily ME intake was 25 MJ. Within each level of dietary CP intake the lambs were weaned at either 25, 35 or 41 days of age.There were no significant diet × stage of weaning interactions in milk yield or ewe body-weight change during lactation. The mean daily levels of milk production were 2·4, 2·9 and 3·1 kg for diets 1 to 3 respectively. The corresponding values for ewe body-weight loss were 118, 170 and 265 g per day. When the diet contained 13·8% CP the incremental increase in milk production per unit increase in protein intake was 4·2 g/g. This gave an incremental increase in lamb growth rate of 0·79 g/g and was equivalent to the associated incremental increase in ewe body-weight loss.A reduction in the concentration of CP in the ewes' diet when the lambs are 3 weeks of age may be a useful practical procedure for decreasing milk production and for reducing the body-weight loss of the ewe in a frequent breeding system.

Developmental growth and body weight loss of cattle. III. Dissected components of the commercially dressed carcass, following anatomical boundaries

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 673 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Seebeck ◽  
NM Tulloh
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Differential Effect ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
Developmental Growth ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

This paper describes part of an investigation of the effects of developmental growth and body weight loss on the carcass composition of Angus steers. A method of anatomical dissection was used on one half (the right side) of each carcass to find the weights of each carcass component. The results are compared with those obtained from a method of dissecting butcher's joints used on the other (left) half of each carcass. Two groups of steers were used in this experiment: group A, which grew continuously, and group B, which grew like group A and were then subjected to a period of weight loss before slaughter. Corresponding animals in both groups were killed at the same body weights. Statistical analysis was by analyses of covariance of weights of components converted to logarithms. As carcass weight increased, the proportions of muscle, bone, and fascia and tendons decreased, while the proportions of the fat components increased. This result was similar to that obtained. previously by joint dissection, but the changes differed in degree. Distribution of muscle and bone changed significantly as the total weights of these components increased. Distribution of the other components was known only in so far as they came from either the hindquarter or the forequarter; no changes were found in their distribution as their total weights increased. Comparison of group A and group B animals at the same carcass weight showed that body weight loss led to a significant increase in the proportion of bone in the carcass but only a slight decrease in the proportion of muscle. Body weight loss had a differential effect on the proportion of kidney and channel fat in the carcass, the result depending on the weight at which animals were killed. The weight of subcutaneous and intermuscular fat in the group B carcasses did not vary significantly from that of group A carcasses of the same weight. These results were similar to those found by joint dissection but there were differences in magnitude. In particular, the differences in muscle weight between group A and group B carcasses was more pronounced in the joint dissection, where it was statistically significant. Also bone weight from the joint dissection was affected differentially by the weight loss treatment at the different killing weights; however, there was no evidence of a differential effect on bone weight in the anatomical dissection. These differences were ascribed to more accurate separation of tissues in the joint dissection. Distributions of muscle, bone, and fascia and tendon were affected by loss of body weight. Unlike joint dissection, anatomical dissection did not show significant effects on the distribution of subcutaneous fat and intermuscular fat due to the weight loss treatment; these differences between results are ascribed to differences between the units used for assessing these distributions.

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