The Histogram Analysis of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion-Kurtosis Model in the Diagnosis and Grading of Prostate Cancer—A Preliminary Study

ObjectivesThis study was conducted in order to explore the value of histogram analysis of the intravoxel incoherent motion-kurtosis (IVIM-kurtosis) model in the diagnosis and grading of prostate cancer (PCa), compared with monoexponential model (MEM).Materials and MethodsThirty patients were included in this study. Single-shot echo-planar imaging (SS-EPI) diffusion-weighted images (b-values of 0, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1,000, 1,500, 2,000 s/mm2) were acquired. The pathologies were confirmed by in-bore MR-guided biopsy. The postprocessing and measurements were processed using the software tool Matlab R2015b for the IVIM-kurtosis model and MEM. Regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn manually. Mean values of D, D*, f, K, ADC, and their histogram parameters were acquired. The values of these parameters in PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)/prostatitis were compared. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to investigate the diagnostic efficiency. The Spearman test was used to evaluate the correlation of these parameters and Gleason scores (GS) of PCa.ResultsFor the IVIM-kurtosis model, D (mean, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th), D* (90th), and f (10th) were significantly lower in PCa than in BPH/prostatitis, while D (skewness), D* (kurtosis), and K (mean, 75th, 90th) were significantly higher in PCa than in BPH/prostatitis. For MEM, ADC (mean, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th) was significantly lower in PCa than in BPH/prostatitis. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the IVIM-kurtosis model was higher than MEM, without significant differences (z = 1.761, P = 0.0783). D (mean, 50th, 75th, 90th), D* (mean, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th), and f (skewness, kurtosis) correlated negatively with GS, while D (kurtosis), D* (skewness, kurtosis), f (mean, 75th, 90th), and K (mean, 75th, 90th) correlated positively with GS. The histogram parameters of ADC did not show correlations with GS.ConclusionThe IVIM-kurtosis model has potential value in the differential diagnosis of PCa and BPH/prostatitis. IVIM-kurtosis histogram analysis may provide more information in the grading of PCa than MEM.

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Histogram analysis in prostate cancer: a comparison of diffusion kurtosis imaging model versus monoexponential model

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1177/0284185120901504 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 61 (10) ◽

pp. 1431-1440

Author(s):

Yuwei Jiang ◽

Chunmei Li ◽

Ying Liu ◽

Kaining Shi ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Histogram Analysis ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽

Single Shot ◽

Diagnostic Efficiency ◽

Planar Imaging ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Monoexponential Model ◽

The Mean ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis

Background There is still little research about histogram analysis of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) using in prostate cancer at present. Purpose To verify the utility of histogram analysis of DKI model in detection and assessment of aggressiveness of prostate cancer, compared with monoexponential model (MEM). Material and Methods Twenty-three patients were enrolled in this study. For DKI model and MEM, the Dapp, Kapp, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were obtained by using single-shot echo-planar imaging sequence. The pathologies were confirmed by in-bore magnetic resonance (MR)-guided biopsy. Regions of interest (ROI) were drawn manually in the position where biopsy needle was put. The mean values and histogram parameters in cancer and noncancerous foci were compared using independent-samples T test. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to investigate the diagnostic efficiency. Spearman’s test was used to evaluate the correlation of parameters and Gleason scores. Results The mean, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles of ADC and Dapp were significantly lower in prostate cancer than non-cancerous foci ( P < 0.001). The mean, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles of Kapp were significantly higher in prostate cancer ( P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the AUCs of two models (0.971 vs. 0.963, P > 0.05). With the increasing Gleason scores, the 10th ADC decreased ( ρ = −0.583, P = 0.018), but the 90th Kapp increased ( ρ = 0.642, P = 0.007). Conclusion Histogram analysis of DKI model is feasible for diagnosing and grading prostate cancer, but it has no significant advantage over MEM.

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Diffusion-weighted MRI in prostate cancer — comparison between single-shot fast spin echo and echo planar imaging sequences

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

10.1016/j.mri.2007.04.008 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 72-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Piotr Kozlowski ◽

Silvia D. Chang ◽

S. Larry Goldenberg

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Spin Echo ◽

Echo Planar Imaging ◽

Fast Spin Echo ◽

Single Shot ◽

Diffusion Weighted Mri ◽

Planar Imaging ◽

Diffusion Weighted ◽

Echo Planar ◽

Fast Spin

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The Histogram Analysis of Diffusion-Weighted Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) Imaging for Differentiating the Gleason grade of Prostate Cancer

European Radiology ◽

10.1007/s00330-014-3511-4 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 994-1004 ◽

Cited By ~ 87

Author(s):

Yu-Dong Zhang ◽

Qing Wang ◽

Chen-Jiang Wu ◽

Xiao-Ning Wang ◽

Jing Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Histogram Analysis ◽

Intravoxel Incoherent Motion ◽

Gleason Grade ◽

Diffusion Weighted

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Optimal indicator for histogram analysis of fractional anisotropy for normal-appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis

Neurology Asia ◽

10.54029/2021pnk ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 785-793

Author(s):

Kimihiro Ogisu ◽

Masaaki Niino ◽

Yusei Miyazaki ◽

Seiji Kikuchi

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

White Matter ◽

Fractional Anisotropy ◽

Single Shot ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Planar Imaging ◽

Diffusion Weighted Images ◽

Normal Appearing White Matter ◽

Imaging Sequence ◽

Scale Scores

Background: Normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) lesions are known to be present in multiple sclerosis (MS); however, it is not easy to distinguish these lesions from others in MRI. This study aimed to investigate the most useful value for estimating NAWM damage using fractional anisotropy (FA) histograms analysis. Methods: Data from patients with relapsing-remitting MS and healthy controls were analyzed using a 1.5T MRI system with SENSE-Head-8 coil. FA maps with diffusion- weighted images were acquired using a single-shot echo-planar imaging sequence. The median, standard deviation (SD), kurtosis, and skewness of white matter (WM) of each subject were compared between MS and healthy controls using an in-house application. Results: FA decrease in 8 patients with MS was observed upon comparison with 12 controls and leaned toward the left side. While the SDs of the healthy controls were not significantly different from those of patients with MS, patients with MS expressed significantly lower median values, and higher kurtosis and skewness compared to healthy controls. A trend for inverse associations existed between median and expanded disability status scale scores. Conclusion: Our data suggests that median FA values can allow for distinguishing between patients with MS and healthy controls with high accuracy.

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Differentiation of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia: comparisons of the histogram analysis of intravoxel incoherent motion and monoexponential model with in-bore MR-guided biopsy as pathological reference

Abdominal Radiology ◽

10.1007/s00261-019-02227-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 45 (10) ◽

pp. 3265-3277 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yadong Cui ◽

Chunmei Li ◽

Ying Liu ◽

Yuwei Jiang ◽

Lu Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Histogram Analysis ◽

Intravoxel Incoherent Motion ◽

Guided Biopsy ◽

Monoexponential Model

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A Combined Use of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion MRI Parameters Can Differentiate Early-Stage Hepatitis-b Fibrotic Livers from Healthy Livers

SLAS TECHNOLOGY Translating Life Sciences Innovation ◽

10.1177/2472630317717049 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 259-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yì Xiáng J. Wáng ◽

Min Deng ◽

Yáo T. Li ◽

Hua Huang ◽

Jason Chi Shun Leung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Fibrosis ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Early Stage ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Classification And Regression Tree ◽

Intravoxel Incoherent Motion ◽

Single Shot ◽

Planar Imaging ◽

Combined Use

This study investigated a combined use of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters, Dslow ( D), PF ( f), and Dfast ( D*), for liver fibrosis evaluation. Sixteen healthy volunteers (F0) and 33 hepatitis-b patients (stage F1 = 15, stage F2–4 = 18) were included. With a 1.5 T MR scanner and respiration gating, IVIM diffusion-weighted imaging was acquired using a single-shot echo-planar imaging sequence with 10 b values of 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 150, 200, 400, and 800 s/mm2. Signal measurement was performed on right liver parenchyma. With a three-dimensional tool, Dslow, PF, and Dfast values were placed along the x axis, y axis, and z axis, and a plane was defined to separate healthy volunteers from patients. The three-dimensional tool demonstrated that healthy volunteers and all patients with liver fibrosis could be separated. Classification and regression tree showed that a combination of PF (PF < 12.55%), Dslow (Dslow < 1.152 × 10−3 mm2/s), and Dfast (Dfast < 13.36 × 10−3 mm2/s) could differentiate healthy subjects and all fibrotic livers (F1–4) with an area under the curve of logistic regression (AUC) of 0.986. The AUC for differentiation of healthy livers versus F2–4 livers was 1. PF offered the best diagnostic value, followed by Dslow; however, all three parameters of PF, Dslow, and Dfast contributed to liver fibrosis detection.

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