scholarly journals Molecular Imaging of Ulex Europaeus Agglutinin in Colorectal Cancer Using Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (With Video)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijun Wang ◽  
Shuxin Tian ◽  
Xin Jiang ◽  
Suya Pang ◽  
Huiying Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity Ratio ◽  
Colon Tissue ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Ulex Europaeus

Background and Study AimsPrevious studies have identified that colorectal cancer has different fucosylation levels compared to the normal colon. Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I (UEA-I), which specifically combines with α1-2 fucose glycan, is usually used to detect fucosylation levels. Therefore, we used confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) to investigate fluorescently labeled UEA-Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) for detecting colonic cancer.Patients and MethodsWe stained frozen mouse colon tissue sections of normal, adenoma, and adenocarcinoma species with UEA-FITC to detect fucosylation levels in different groups. White light endoscopy and endocytoscopy were first used to detect the lesions. The UEA-FITC was then stained in the mice and human colon tissues in vitro. The CLE was used to detect the UEA-FITC levels of the corresponding lesions, and videos were recorded for quantitation analysis. The diagnostic accuracy of UEA-FITC using CLE was evaluated in terms of sensitivity and specificity.ResultsThe UEA expression level in colorectal cancer was lower than that in normal intestinal epithelium. The fluorescence intensity ratio of UEA-FITC in colorectal cancer was significantly lower than that in normal tissue detected by CLE in both mice and humans. The combination of UEA-FITC and CLE presented a good diagnostic accuracy with a sensitivity of 95.6% and a specificity of 97.7% for detecting colorectal cancer. The positive and negative predictive values were 91.6% and 95.6%, respectively. Overall, 95.6% of the sites were correctly classified by CLE.ConclusionsWe developed a new imaging strategy to improve the diagnostic efficacy of CLE by using UEA-FITC.

scholarly journals Deep learning systems detect dysplasia with human-like accuracy using histopathology and probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Guleria ◽  
Tilak U. Shah ◽  
J. Vincent Pulido ◽  
Matthew Fasullo ◽  
Lubaina Ehsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Whole Slide Image ◽  
Slide Image ◽  
Level Model

AbstractProbe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) allows for real-time diagnosis of dysplasia and cancer in Barrett’s esophagus (BE) but is limited by low sensitivity. Even the gold standard of histopathology is hindered by poor agreement between pathologists. We deployed deep-learning-based image and video analysis in order to improve diagnostic accuracy of pCLE videos and biopsy images. Blinded experts categorized biopsies and pCLE videos as squamous, non-dysplastic BE, or dysplasia/cancer, and deep learning models were trained to classify the data into these three categories. Biopsy classification was conducted using two distinct approaches—a patch-level model and a whole-slide-image-level model. Gradient-weighted class activation maps (Grad-CAMs) were extracted from pCLE and biopsy models in order to determine tissue structures deemed relevant by the models. 1970 pCLE videos, 897,931 biopsy patches, and 387 whole-slide images were used to train, test, and validate the models. In pCLE analysis, models achieved a high sensitivity for dysplasia (71%) and an overall accuracy of 90% for all classes. For biopsies at the patch level, the model achieved a sensitivity of 72% for dysplasia and an overall accuracy of 90%. The whole-slide-image-level model achieved a sensitivity of 90% for dysplasia and 94% overall accuracy. Grad-CAMs for all models showed activation in medically relevant tissue regions. Our deep learning models achieved high diagnostic accuracy for both pCLE-based and histopathologic diagnosis of esophageal dysplasia and its precursors, similar to human accuracy in prior studies. These machine learning approaches may improve accuracy and efficiency of current screening protocols.

scholarly journals Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy and Barrett's esophagus – just a scientific toy or significant improvement in diagnosis?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luka Vranić ◽  
Tin Nadarević ◽  
Davor Štimac
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Barrett’S Esophagus ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Barrett's Esophagus ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Barrett’s esophagus (BE) requires surveillance to identify potential neoplasia at early stage. Standard surveillance regimen includes random four-quadrant biopsies by Seattle protocol. Main limitations of random biopsies are high risk of sampling error, difficulties in histology interpretation, common inadequate classification of pathohistological changes, increased risk of bleeding and time necessary to acquire the final diagnosis. Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) has emerged as a potential tool with an aim to overcome these obvious limitations. Summary: pCLE represents real-time microscopic imaging method that offers evaluation of epithelial and subepithelial structures with 1000-fold magnification. In theory, pCLE has potential to eliminate the need for biopsy in BE patient. The main advantages would be real-time diagnosis and decision making, greater diagnostic accuracy and to evaluate larger area compared to random biopsies. Clinical pCLE studies in esophagus show high diagnostic accuracy and its high negative predictive value offers high reliability and confidence to exclude dysplastic and neoplastic lesions. However, it still cannot replace histopathology due to lower positive predictive value and sensitivity. Key messages: Despite promising results, its role in routine use in patients with Barrett’s esophagus remains questionable primarily due to lack of well-organized double-blind randomized trials.

T1218 Detection of Aberrant Crypt Foci in Patients at High-Risk for Colorectal Cancer Using Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. S-513-S-514
Author(s):  
Sanne Gulikers ◽  
Eveline Rondagh ◽  
Ann Driessen ◽  
Ad Masclee ◽  
Silvia Sanduleanu
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the bioenergetics of human adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cell line and postoperative tissue samples from colorectal cancer patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 808-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Ounpuu ◽  
Laura Truu ◽  
Igor Shevchuk ◽  
Vladimir Chekulayev ◽  
Aleksandr Klepinin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Respiratory Chain ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Chain Complexes ◽  
Colon Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples

The aim of this work was to explore the key bioenergetic properties for mitochondrial respiration in the widely-used Caco-2 cell line and in human colorectal cancer (HCC) postoperational tissue samples. Oxygraphy and metabolic control analysis (MCA) were applied to estimate the function of oxidative phosphorylation in cultured Caco-2 cells and HCC tissue samples. The mitochondria of Caco-2 cells and HCC tissues displayed larger functional activity of respiratory complex (C)II compared with CI, whereas in normal colon tissue an inverse pattern in the ratio of CI to CII activity was observed. MCA showed that the respiration in Caco-2 and HCC tissue cells is regulated by different parts of electron transport chain. In HCC tissues, this control is performed essentially at the level of respiratory chain complexes I–IV, whereas in Caco-2 cells at the level of CIV (cytochrome c oxidase) and the ATP synthasome. The differences we found in the regulation of respiratory chain activity and glycose index could represent an adaptive response to distinct growth conditions; this highlights the importance of proper validation of results obtained from in-vitro models before their extrapolation to the more complex in-vivo systems.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy for diagnosis of gastric subepithelial tumors: a pilot study

Endoscopy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (06) ◽  
pp. 560-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Ming Zhang ◽  
Ning Zhong ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Chang-Qing Li ◽  
Rui Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Endoscopic Ultrasound ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Gastric Subepithelial Tumors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Subepithelial Tumors

Abstract Background The diagnostic yield of current techniques for gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs) is suboptimal. This prospective study aimed to develop diagnostic criteria for needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (nCLE) of gastric SETs, and to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy, feasibility, and safety of endoscopic ultrasound-guided nCLE (EUS-nCLE). Methods Eligible patients were prospectively recruited to undergo EUS-nCLE. Four unblinded investigators evaluated nCLE videos and corresponding histopathology to develop the nCLE criteria. The recorded nCLE videos were reviewed off-line by one endoscopist 3 months later. Image quality (five-point scale, 1 = poor and 5 = very good) and the interobserver agreements were assessed. Results All 33 patients underwent successful EUS-nCLE procedures. The nCLE criteria for gastric SETs were established. Overall accuracy of off-line nCLE was significantly higher than that of EUS alone (87.9 % vs. 63.6 %; P = 0.02). The mean image quality score was 3.9. The kappa values of the interobserver agreements were 0.66 for gastrointestinal stromal tumor, 0.89 for ectopic pancreas, 0.58 for leiomyoma, and 0.72 for carcinoma. Conclusions EUS-nCLE was feasible and safe to accurately diagnose gastric SETs.

Near-Infrared Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy Detects Colorectal Cancer via an Integrin αvβ3 Optical Probe

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Schulz ◽  
Cordula Dierkes ◽  
Bertram Wiedenmann ◽  
Carsten Grötzinger
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Integrin Αvβ3 ◽  
Optical Probe ◽  
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser

scholarly journals Evaluation of New Morphometric Parameters of Neoangiogenesis in Human Colorectal Cancer Using Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (CLE) and Targeted Panendothelial Markers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e91084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Ciocâlteu ◽  
Adrian Săftoiu ◽  
Tatiana Cârţână ◽  
Lucian Gheorghe Gruionu ◽  
Daniel Pirici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Human Colorectal Cancer

scholarly journals Faecal haemoglobin can define risk of colorectal neoplasia at surveillance colonoscopy in patients at increased risk of colorectal cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 559-566
Author(s):  
Jayne Digby ◽  
Shirley Cleary ◽  
Lynne Gray ◽  
Pooja Datt ◽  
David R Goudie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Surveillance Colonoscopy ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Advanced Neoplasia ◽  
Increased Risk

Background Quantitative faecal immunochemical tests measure faecal haemoglobin concentration (f-Hb), which increases in the presence of colorectal neoplasia. Objective We examined the diagnostic accuracy of faecal immunochemical test (FIT)in patients at increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) attending for surveillance colonoscopy as per national guidelines. Methods A total of 1103 consecutive patients were prospectively invited to complete a FIT before their scheduled colonoscopy in two university hospitals in 2014– 2016. F-Hb was analysed on an OC-Sensor io automated analyser (Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) with a limit of detection of 2 µg Hb/g faeces. The diagnostic accuracy of f-Hb for CRC and higher-risk adenoma was examined. Results A total of 643 patients returned a faecal test. After excluding 4 patients with known inflammatory bowel disease, 639 (57.9%) remained in the study: age range: 25–90 years (median: 64 years, interquartile range (IQR): 55–71): 54.6% male. Of 593 patients who also completed colonoscopy, 41 (6.9%) had advanced neoplasia (4 CRC, 37 higher-risk adenoma). Of the 238 patients (40.1%) who had detectable f-Hb, 31 (13.0%) had advanced neoplasia (2 CRC, 29 higher-risk adenoma) compared with 10 (2.8%) in those with undetectable f-Hb (2 CRC, 8 higher-risk adenoma). Detectable f-Hb gave negative predictive values of 99.4% for CRC and 97.2% for CRC plus higher-risk adenoma. Conclusion In patients at increased risk of CRC under colonoscopy surveillance, a test measuring faecal haemoglobin can provide an objective estimate of the risk of advanced neoplasia, and could enable tailored scheduling of colonoscopy.

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