scholarly journals Mandatory Infant Vaccinations in France During the COVID-19 Pandemic in 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Taine ◽  
Lucile Offredo ◽  
Jérôme Drouin ◽  
Julie Toubiana ◽  
Alain Weill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
National Health ◽  
Priming Dose ◽  
Infant Vaccination ◽  
Type C ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Health Database ◽  
Relative Differences ◽  
Conjugate Type

Objectives: To describe changes in the dispensation of 11 mandatory vaccines to infants in France during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, considering the priming doses and boosters separately.Methods: With data from the French national health database, all dispensations of priming doses and boosters of 11 mandatory vaccines [penta/hexavalent, measles mumps rubella (MMR), meningococcal conjugate type-C (Men-C-C), 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13)] for infants ≤24 months old were aggregated by 4-week periods in 2020. Expected counts in 2020 were estimated according to counts in 2019 weighted by a ratio considering the level of vaccine dispensation before the pandemic onset in 2020. Relative differences (RDs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to compare the observed and expected counts during the first and second lockdown and the period in between.Results: During the first 4 weeks of the first lockdown, as compared with the expected numbers, the observed priming dose counts substantially decreased [RD: from −5.7% (95% CI −6.1; −5.2) for penta/hexavalent to −25.2% (95% CI −25.6; −24.8) for MMR], as did the booster counts [RD: from −15.3% (95% CI −15.9; −14.7) for penta/hexavalent to −20.7% (95% CI −21.3; −20.2) for Men-C-C]. Counts for priming doses and boosters remained slightly below the expected numbers after the lockdown. During 2020, MMR priming doses and the Men-C-C booster had the greatest shortfalls (N = 84,893 and 72,500, respectively).Conclusions: This study provides evidence of a lack of vaccination catch-up after the first lockdown and a persistent shortfall in infant vaccination after the first 10 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in France, especially for the MMR priming doses and Men-C-C booster.

scholarly journals Cost-Effectiveness of Alternative Uses of Polyvalent Meningococcal Vaccines in Niger: An Agent-Based Transmission Modeling Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-567
Author(s):  
S. M. Niaz Arifin ◽  
Christoph Zimmer ◽  
Caroline Trotter ◽  
Anaïs Colombini ◽  
Fati Sidikou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Prediction Interval ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Infant Vaccination ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Routine Infant

Background. Despite the introduction of an effective serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MenAfriVac™), sporadic epidemics of other Neisseria meningitidis serogroups remain a concern in Africa. Polyvalent meningococcal conjugate (PMC) vaccines may offer alternatives to current strategies that rely on routine infant vaccination with MenAfriVac plus, in the event of an epidemic, district-specific reactive campaigns using polyvalent meningococcal polysaccharide (PMP) vaccines. Methods. We developed an agent-based transmission model of N. meningitidis in Niger to compare the health effects and costs of current vaccination practice and 3 alternatives. Each alternative replaces MenAfriVac in the infant vaccination series with PMC and either replaces PMP with PMC for reactive campaigns or implements a one-time catch up campaign with PMC for children and young adults. Results. Over a 28-year period, replacement of MenAfriVac with PMC in the infant immunization series and of PMP in reactive campaigns would avert 63% of expected cases (95% prediction interval 49%–75%) if elimination of serogroup A is not followed by serogroup replacement. At a PMC price of $4/dose, this would cost $1412 ($81–$3510) per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted. If serogroup replacement occurs, the cost-effectiveness of this strategy improves to $662 (cost-saving, $2473) per DALY averted. Sensitivity analyses accounting for incomplete laboratory confirmation suggest that a catch-up PMC campaign would also meet standard cost-effectiveness thresholds. Limitations. The assumption that polyvalent vaccines offer similar protection against all serogroups is simplifying. Conclusions. The use of PMC vaccines to replace MenAfriVac in routine infant immunization and in district-specific reactive campaigns would have important health benefits and is likely to be cost-effective in Niger. An additional PMC catch-up campaign would also be cost-effective if we account for incomplete laboratory reporting.

The Role of Chiropractic Care in the Treatment of Dizziness or Balance Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrison Ndetan ◽  
Cheryl Hawk ◽  
Vishaldeep Ka Sekhon ◽  
Miguel Chiusano
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
National Health ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
National Health Interview Survey ◽  
Chiropractic Care ◽  
Neck Trauma ◽  
Balance Disorders ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Balance Problems

The purpose of this study was to explore the role of chiropractic in the treatment of dizziness or balance disorders through an analysis of data from the 2008 National Health Interview Survey. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the likelihood that respondents with dizziness or balance problems perceived that they were helped by specified practitioners. Eleven percent of respondents reported having had a balance or dizziness problem; more than 35% were aged 65 years and older. The odds ratio for perceiving being helped by a chiropractor was 4.36 (95% CI, 1.17-16.31) for respondents aged 65 years or older; 9.5 (95% CI, 7.92-11.40) for respondents reporting head or neck trauma; and 13.78 (95% CI, 5.59-33.99) for those reporting neurological or muscular conditions as the cause of their balance or dizziness.

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Asthma in Elderly Women: Findings From a Korean National Health Database and Adult Asthma Cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
So-Young Park ◽  
Jung-Hyun Kim ◽  
Hyo-Jung Kim ◽  
Bomi Seo ◽  
Oh Young Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Adult Asthma ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health Database

scholarly journals Uric acid level and kidney function: a cross-sectional study of the Korean national health and nutrition examination survey (2016–2017)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Jin Joo ◽  
Gyu Ri Kim ◽  
Dong-Woo Choi ◽  
Jae Hong Joo ◽  
Eun-Cheol Park
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
National Health ◽  
Uric Acid Level ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Reduced Kidney Function

AbstractKidney disease is expected to become the fifth leading cause of premature death globally by 2040. Uric acid level is a risk factor for kidney disease. The current study aims to investigate the association between uric acid levels and kidney function in the Korean population. The data of 11,042 participants of the 2016–2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analysed. The estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the modification of diet in renal disease formula for Koreans. For each sex, uric acid levels were divided into five subsequent categories of increasing levels (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, and hyperuricemia). The association between uric acid level and kidney function was investigated using multiple logistic regression. The results showed that the higher the uric acid levels, the greater the odds of reduced kidney function in both sexes. In men, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for reduced eGFR comparing the hyperuricemia group to the lowest serum uric acid quartile was 5.55 (3.27–9.44), and in women, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) was 7.52 (4.39–12.87). Normal weight or underweight in men and overweight in women, as well as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and physical inactivity were highly associated with reduced kidney function. Our study revealed a dose–response relationship between uric acid levels and kidney function. Therefore, high uric acid level should be considered as a factor that is potentially related to kidney dysfunction in the Korean population.

scholarly journals Stroke Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Treated with Oral Anticoagulants: Comparison of the Population-Based Stroke Registry of Dijon and the French National Health Databases

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 506-512
Author(s):  
Amélie Gabet ◽  
Valérie Olié ◽  
Yannick Béjot
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
National Health ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Stroke Registry ◽  
Health Database ◽  
Administrative Health Databases ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The City

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The objective of this study was to evaluate the complementarity of the French national health database (<i>Système national des données de Santé</i>, SNDS) and the Dijon Stroke Registry for the epidemiology of stroke patients with anticoagulated atrial fibrillation (AF). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The SNDS collects healthcare prescriptions and procedures reimbursed by the French national health insurance for almost all of the 66 million individuals living in France. A previously published algorithm was used to identify AF newly treated with oral anticoagulants. The Dijon Stroke Registry is a population-based study covering the residents of the city of Dijon since 1985 and records all stroke cases of the area. We compared the proportions of stroke patients with anticoagulated AF in the city of Dijon identified in SNDS databases to those registered in the Dijon Stroke Registry. <b><i>Results:</i></b> For the period 2013–2017 in the city of Dijon, 1,146 strokes were identified in the SNDS and 1,188 in the registry. The proportion of strokes with anticoagulated AF was 13.4% in the SNDS and 20.3% in the Dijon Stroke Registry. Very similar characteristics were found between patients identified through the 2 databases. The overall prevalence of AF in stroke patients could be estimated only in the Dijon stroke registry and was 30.4% for the study period. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> If administrative health databases can be a useful tool to study the epidemiology of anticoagulated AF in stroke patients, population-based stroke registries as the Dijon Stroke Registry remain essential to fully study the epidemiology of strokes with anticoagulated AF.

The paranoia of data collection in Hungary and the health system

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (29) ◽  
pp. 1158-1162
Author(s):  
Miklós Gresz
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Patient Data ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Medical Database ◽  
Health Database

There is no integrated national health database in Hungary. The currently available database collects only important parameters relevant for funding, and these include data only from publicly funded providers. Patient data in different hospitals are inaccessible from outside but, because of insufficient filing and closures of hospitals, they are often not available in the hospital either. The author encourages to establish a medical database in Hungary by showing foreign examples, thus providing both medical staff and research with authentic patient data. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1158–1162.

scholarly journals Building the National Database of Health Centred on the Individual: Administrative and Epidemiological Record Linkage - Brazil, 2000-2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Afonso Guerra Junior ◽  
Ramon Gonçalves Pereira ◽  
Eli Iola Gurgel ◽  
Mariangela Cherchiglia ◽  
Leonardo Vinicius Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
False Negative ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Graph Algorithm ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Administrative Databases ◽  
National Database ◽  
Health Database ◽  
The Individual

IntroductionIn Brazil, the National Health System (SUS) provides healthcare to the public. The system hasmultiple administrative databases; the major databases record hospital (SIH) and outpatient (SIA)procedures. Epidemiological information is collected for all populations in subsystems, such as mor-tality (SIM), live births (SINASC) and diseases of compulsory declaration (SINAN). Each subsystemhas its own information system, which is able to provide information about consultations, clinicalinformation and medicines dispensed. However, these systems are not linked, thereby preventingindividual-centred analysis. ObjectiveTo describe the methods and results of parameter setting that are needed to execute the probabilisticdeduplication of large administrative and epidemiological databases in Brazil and to create a NationalHealth Database Centred on the individual. MethodsThis paper shows the results of a record linkage model to integrate data from SIH, SIA, SIM, andSINAN, which have different formats and attributes between them and over time. These data consistof 1.3 billion records from 2000-2015. Probabilistic and deterministic record linkages were used todeduplicate these data. The Kappa statistic and clerical review were used to ensure the quality ofthe linkage. The graph algorithm and depth-first search were used to generate the identifiers. ResultsThe deterministic deduplication process resulted in a database with 403,113,527 possible uniqueindividuals. After the probabilistic deduplication process of the former database was performed,159,703,805 unique individuals were identified. This result had an estimated a false positive errorrate of 3.3%, and the false negative error was estimated at 12.3%. ConclusionsThe National Health Database centred on the individual was generated and will allow researchersto use real-world evidence to conduct clinical, epidemiological, economic and other studies. Thisdatabase represents a significant cohort, spanning 15 years of historical data and preserving patientprivacy. The success of the process described will allow repeating and appending the data for futureyears and enable important studies to promote SUS efficiency and provide better treatments forpatients. KeywordsData linkage, record linkage, Brazilian health database, SUS deduplication

scholarly journals Pertussis vaccine schedules across Europe

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (41) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Salmaso ◽  
Collective Editorial team
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
National Health ◽  
Vaccination Schedule ◽  
Combination Vaccine ◽  
Infant Vaccination ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Uk National Health Service

In August 2004, the United Kingdom (UK) National Health Service announced the introduction of a new five-combination vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio and Hib in the infant vaccination schedule: 2, 3 and 4 months (DTaP/IPV/Hib)

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