scholarly journals Age-Related Exosomal and Endogenous Expression Patterns of miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b, and miR-206 in Skeletal Muscles

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrystalla Mytidou ◽  
Andrie Koutsoulidou ◽  
Margarita Zachariou ◽  
Marianna Prokopi ◽  
Konstantinos Kapnisis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Connexin 43 ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Serum Response Factor ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Growth ◽  
Endogenous Expression ◽  
Age Related

Skeletal muscle growth and maintenance depend on two tightly regulated processes, myogenesis and muscle regeneration. Both processes involve a series of crucial regulatory molecules including muscle-specific microRNAs, known as myomiRs. We recently showed that four myomiRs, miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b, and miR-206, are encapsulated within muscle-derived exosomes and participate in local skeletal muscle communication. Although these four myomiRs have been extensively studied for their function in muscles, no information exists regarding their endogenous and exosomal levels across age. Here we aimed to identify any age-related changes in the endogenous and muscle-derived exosomal myomiR levels during acute skeletal muscle growth. The four endogenous and muscle-derived myomiRs were investigated in five skeletal muscles (extensor digitorum longus, soleus, tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, and quadriceps) of 2-week–1-year-old wild-type male mice. The expression of miR-1, miR-133a, and miR-133b was found to increase rapidly until adolescence in all skeletal muscles, whereas during adulthood it remained relatively stable. By contrast, endogenous miR-206 levels were observed to decrease with age in all muscles, except for soleus. Differential expression of the four myomiRs is also inversely reflected on the production of two protein targets; serum response factor and connexin 43. Muscle-derived exosomal miR-1, miR-133a, and miR-133b levels were found to increase until the early adolescence, before reaching a plateau phase. Soleus was found to be the only skeletal muscle to release exosomes enriched in miR-206. In this study, we showed for the first time an in-depth longitudinal analysis of the endogenous and exosomal levels of the four myomiRs during skeletal muscle development. We showed that the endogenous expression and extracellular secretion of the four myomiRs are associated to the function and size of skeletal muscles as the mice age. Overall, our findings provide new insights for the myomiRs’ significant role in the first year of life in mice.

Myonuclear accretion is a major determinant of avian skeletal muscle growth

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (2) ◽  
pp. C565-C571 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Mozdziak ◽  
E. Schultz ◽  
R. G. Cassens
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Satellite Cell ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Unit Size ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Growth ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Increase

The role of satellite cells and DNA unit size in determining skeletal muscle growth was studied after mitotic activity was inhibited in the left pectoralis thoracicus of 2-wk-old tom turkeys by means of a 25-Gy dose of irradiation. Toms were killed and muscle weights were obtained 1 (n = 5), 4 (n = 6), 7 (n = 6), and 15 (n = 4) wk after irradiation. Satellite cell mitotic activity and DNA unit size were determined using enzymatically isolated myofiber segments and image analysis. Irradiated and nonirradiated muscle weights increased (P < 0.01) between all ages examined, but irradiated muscle weights were significantly (P < 0.01) lower than nonirradiated muscle weights at 4, 7, and 15 wk after irradiation. Satellite cell mitotic activity was lower (P < 0.01) in irradiated than in nonirradiated muscles at 1 and 4 wk after irradiation and resulted in a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the number of myofiber nuclei per millimeter at 4 and 7 wk after irradiation. Satellite cell mitotic activity was higher (P < 0.05) in irradiated than in nonirradiated muscles at 7 wk after irradiation, but at 15 wk after irradiation it had fallen to low levels in both muscles. There was no significant (P > 0.10) difference in DNA unit size between muscles at any time, but there was an age-related increase (P < 0.01) for both muscles. Irradiation reduced muscle growth through a transient reduction in myonuclear production at a critical time (3-6 wk of age) in posthatch skeletal muscle development. The age-related increase in DNA unit size was not accelerated to compensate for the reduction in myonuclear accretion. Thus it appears that muscle growth potential is governed mostly by myonuclear accretion and to a lesser extent by DNA unit size.

scholarly journals Mechanism and Functions of Identified miRNAs in Poultry Skeletal Muscle Development – A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 887-904
Author(s):  
Asiamah Amponsah Collins ◽  
Kun Zou ◽  
Zhang Li ◽  
Su Ying
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Development ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Muscle Formation ◽  
Gene Regulatory

AbstractDevelopment of the skeletal muscle goes through several complex processes regulated by numerous genetic factors. Although much efforts have been made to understand the mechanisms involved in increased muscle yield, little work is done about the miRNAs and candidate genes that are involved in the skeletal muscle development in poultry. Comprehensive research of candidate genes and single nucleotide related to poultry muscle growth is yet to be experimentally unraveled. However, over a few periods, studies in miRNA have disclosed that they actively participate in muscle formation, differentiation, and determination in poultry. Specifically, miR-1, miR-133, and miR-206 influence tissue development, and they are highly expressed in the skeletal muscles. Candidate genes such as CEBPB, MUSTN1, MSTN, IGF1, FOXO3, mTOR, and NFKB1, have also been identified to express in the poultry skeletal muscles development. However, further researches, analysis, and comprehensive studies should be made on the various miRNAs and gene regulatory factors that influence the skeletal muscle development in poultry. The objective of this review is to summarize recent knowledge in miRNAs and their mode of action as well as transcription and candidate genes identified to regulate poultry skeletal muscle development.

scholarly journals Analysis of dynamic and widespread lncRNA and miRNA expression in fetal sheep skeletal muscle

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9957
Author(s):  
Chao Yuan ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Yaojing Yue ◽  
Tingting Guo ◽  
Jianbin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Development ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Lncrna Gene ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Growth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

The sheep is an economically important animal, and there is currently a major focus on improving its meat quality through breeding. There are variations in the growth regulation mechanisms of different sheep breeds, making fundamental research on skeletal muscle growth essential in understanding the regulation of (thus far) unknown genes. Skeletal muscle development is a complex biological process regulated by numerous genes and non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In this study, we used deep sequencing data from sheep longissimus dorsi (LD) muscles sampled at day 60, 90, and 120 of gestation, as well as at day 0 and 360 following birth, to identify and examine the lncRNA and miRNA temporal expression profiles that regulate sheep skeletal myogenesis. We stained LD muscles using histological sections to analyse the area and circumference of muscle fibers from the embryonic to postnatal development stages. Our results showed that embryonic skeletal muscle growth can be characterized by time. We obtained a total of 694 different lncRNAs and compared the differential expression between the E60 vs. E90, E90 vs. E120, E120 vs. D0, and D0 vs. D360 lncRNA and gene samples. Of the total 701 known sheep miRNAs we detected, the following showed a wide range of expression during the embryonic stage: miR-2387, miR-105, miR-767, miR-432, and miR-433. We propose that the detected lncRNA expression was time-specific during the gestational and postnatal stages. GO and KEGG analyses of the genes targeted by different miRNAs and lncRNAs revealed that these significantly enriched processes and pathways were consistent with skeletal muscle development over time across all sampled stages. We found four visual lncRNA–gene regulatory networks that can be used to explore the function of lncRNAs in sheep and may be valuable in helping improve muscle growth. This study also describes the function of several lncRNAs that interact with miRNAs to regulate myogenic differentiation.

scholarly journals Comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed circRNAs and ceRNA regulatory network in porcine skeletal muscle

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Li ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Wanfeng Zhang ◽  
Wei Hei ◽  
Chunbo Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Large White ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Growth ◽  
Cerna Network

Abstract Background Circular RNA (circRNA), a novel class of non-coding RNA, has a closed-loop structure with important functions in skeletal muscle growth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs), as well as the DEcircRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network, at different stages of porcine skeletal muscle development. Here, we present a panoramic view of circRNA expression in porcine skeletal muscle from Large White and Mashen pigs at 1, 90, and 180 days of age. Results We identified a total of 5819 circRNAs. DEcircRNA analysis at different stages showed 327 DEcircRNAs present in both breeds. DEcircRNA host genes were concentrated predominately in TGF-β, MAPK, FoxO, and other signaling pathways related to skeletal muscle growth and fat deposition. Further prediction showed that 128 DEcircRNAs could bind to 253 miRNAs, while miRNAs could target 945 mRNAs. The constructed ceRNA network plays a vital role in skeletal muscle growth and development, and fat deposition. Circ_0015885/miR-23b/SESN3 in the ceRNA network attracted our attention. miR-23b and SESN3 were found to participate in skeletal muscle growth regulation, also playing an important role in fat deposition. Using convergent and divergent primer amplification, RNase R digestion, and qRT-PCR, circ_0015885, an exonic circRNA derived from Homer Scaffold Protein 1 (HOMER1), was confirmed to be differentially expressed during skeletal muscle growth. In summary, circ_0015885 may further regulate SESN3 expression by interacting with miR-23b to function in skeletal muscle. Conclusions This study not only enriched the circRNA library in pigs, but also laid a solid foundation for the screening of key circRNAs during skeletal muscle growth and intramural fat deposition. In addition, circ_0015885/miR-23b/SESN3, a new network regulating skeletal muscle growth and fat deposition, was identified as important for increasing the growth rate of pigs and improving meat quality.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Profiling of myosin Family Genes in Sebastes schlegelii

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 808
Author(s):  
Chaofan Jin ◽  
Mengya Wang ◽  
Weihao Song ◽  
Xiangfu Kong ◽  
Fengyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Myoblast Differentiation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Marine Teleost ◽  
Black Rockfish ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Growth ◽  
Sebastes Schlegelii

Myosins are important eukaryotic motor proteins that bind actin and utilize the energy of ATP hydrolysis to perform a broad range of functions such as muscle contraction, cell migration, cytokinesis, and intracellular trafficking. However, the characterization and function of myosin is poorly studied in teleost fish. In this study, we identified 60 myosin family genes in a marine teleost, black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii), and further characterized their expression patterns. myosin showed divergent expression patterns in adult tissues, indicating they are involved in different types and compositions of muscle fibers. Among 12 subfamilies, S. schlegelii myo2 subfamily was significantly expanded, which was driven by tandem duplication events. The up-regulation of five representative genes of myo2 in the skeletal muscle during fast-growth stages of juvenile and adult S. schlegelii revealed their active role in skeletal muscle fiber synthesis. Moreover, the expression regulation of myosin during the process of myoblast differentiation in vitro suggested that they contribute to skeletal muscle growth by involvement of both myoblast proliferation and differentiation. Taken together, our work characterized myosin genes systemically and demonstrated their diverse functions in a marine teleost species. This lays foundation for the further studies of muscle growth regulation and molecular mechanisms of indeterminate skeletal muscle growth of large teleost fishes.

scholarly journals Circadian clock regulation of skeletal muscle growth and repair

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somik Chatterjee ◽  
Ke Ma
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Physiology ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Growth ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
And Function

Accumulating evidence indicates that the circadian clock, a transcriptional/translational feedback circuit that generates ~24-hour oscillations in behavior and physiology, is a key temporal regulatory mechanism involved in many important aspects of muscle physiology. Given the clock as an evolutionarily-conserved time-keeping mechanism that synchronizes internal physiology to environmental cues, locomotor activities initiated by skeletal muscle enable entrainment to the light-dark cycles on earth, thus ensuring organismal survival and fitness. Despite the current understanding of the role of molecular clock in preventing age-related sarcopenia, investigations into the underlying molecular pathways that transmit clock signals to the maintenance of skeletal muscle growth and function are only emerging. In the current review, the importance of the muscle clock in maintaining muscle mass during development, repair and aging, together with its contribution to muscle metabolism, will be discussed. Based on our current understandings of how tissue-intrinsic muscle clock functions in the key aspects muscle physiology, interventions targeting the myogenic-modulatory activities of the clock circuit may offer new avenues for prevention and treatment of muscular diseases. Studies of mechanisms underlying circadian clock function and regulation in skeletal muscle warrant continued efforts.

scholarly journals THE VICIOUS CYCLE OF MYOSTATIN SIGNALING IN SARCOPENIC OBESITY: MYOSTATIN ROLE IN SKELETAL MUSCLE GROWTH, INSULIN SIGNALING AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL TRIALS

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
L.A. CONSITT ◽  
B.C. CLARK
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Growth ◽  
Age Related

The age-related loss of skeletal muscle (sarcopenia) is a major health concern as it is associated with physical disability, metabolic impairments, and increased mortality. The coexistence of sarcopenia with obesity, termed ‘sarcopenic obesity’, contributes to skeletal muscle insulin resistance and the development of type 2 diabetes, a disease prevalent with advancing age. Despite this knowledge, the mechanisms contributing to sarcopenic obesity remain poorly understood, preventing the development of targeted therapeutics. This article will discuss the clinical and physiological consequences of sarcopenic obesity and propose myostatin as a potential candidate contributing to this condition. A special emphasis will be placed on examining the role of myostatin signaling in impairing both skeletal muscle growth and insulin signaling. In addition, the role of myostatin in regulating muscle-to fat cross talk, further exacerbating metabolic dysfunction in the elderly, will be highlighted. Lastly, we discuss how this knowledge has implications for the design of myostatin-inhibitor clinical trials.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Analysis of Differentially Expressed CircRNAs and CeRNA Regulatory Network in Porcine Skeletal Muscle

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Li ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Wanfeng Zhang ◽  
Wei Hei ◽  
Chunbo Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Large White ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Growth ◽  
Cerna Network

Abstract Background: Circular RNA (circRNA), a novel class of non-coding RNA, has a closed-loop structure with important functions in skeletal muscle growth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs), as well as the DEcircRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network, at different stages of porcine skeletal muscle development. Here, we present a panoramic view of circRNA expression in porcine skeletal muscle from Large White and Mashen pigs at 1, 90, and 180 days of age. Results: We identified a total of 5,819 circRNAs. DEcircRNA analysis at different stages showed 327 DEcircRNAs present in both breeds. DEcircRNA host genes were concentrated predominately in TGF-β, MAPK, FoxO, and other signaling pathways related to skeletal muscle growth and fat deposition. Further prediction showed that 128 DEcircRNAs could bind to 253 miRNAs, while miRNAs could target 945 mRNAs. The constructed ceRNA network plays a vital role in skeletal muscle growth and development, and fat deposition. Circ_0015885/miR-23b/SESN3 in the ceRNA network attracted our attention. miR-23b and SESN3 were found to participate in skeletal muscle growth regulation, also playing an important role in fat deposition. Using convergent and divergent primer amplification, RNase R digestion, and qRT-PCR, circ_0015885, an exonic circRNA derived from Homer Scaffold Protein 1 (HOMER1), was confirmed to be differentially expressed during skeletal muscle growth. In summary, circ_0015885 may further regulate SESN3 expression by interacting with miR-23b to function in skeletal muscle. Conclusions: This study not only enriched the circRNA library in pigs, but also laid a solid foundation for the screening of key circRNAs during skeletal muscle growth and intramural fat deposition. In addition, circ_0015885/miR-23b/SESN3, a new network regulating skeletal muscle growth and fat deposition, was identified as important for increasing the growth rate of pigs and improving meat quality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document