Hormonal cross-talk in plant development and stress responses

Hypusination is a unique posttranslational modification of eIF5A, a eukaryotic translation factor. Hypusine is a rare amino acid synthesized in this process and is mediated by two enzymes, deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS) and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (DOHH). Despite the essential participation of this conserved eIF5A protein in plant development and stress responses, our knowledge of its proper function is limited. In this review, we demonstrate the main findings regarding how eIF5A and hypusination could contribute to plant-specific responses in growth and stress-related processes. Our aim is to briefly discuss the plant-specific details of hypusination and decipher those signal pathways which can be effectively modified by this process. The diverse functions of eIF5A isoforms are also discussed in this review.

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In situ characterisation of phytohormones from wounded Arabidopsis leaves using desorption electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry imaging

The Analyst ◽

10.1039/d0an02118k ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chao Zhang ◽

Asta Žukauskaitė ◽

Ivan Petřík ◽

Aleš Pěnčík ◽

Martin Hönig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Plant Development ◽

Plant Hormones ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Mass Spectrometry Imaging ◽

Signalling Molecules ◽

Ionisation Mass Spectrometry ◽

Endogenous Regulators ◽

Ionisation Mass

Phytohormones (plant hormones) are a group of small signalling molecules that act as important endogenous regulators in the plant development and stress responses. Previous research has identified phytohormone species, jasmonates,...

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Genome-wide in silico identification and expression analysis of beta-galactosidase family members in sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam]

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12864-021-07436-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fuyun Hou ◽

Taifeng Du ◽

Zhen Qin ◽

Tao Xu ◽

Aixian Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Development ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Glycosyl Hydrolase ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Human Beings ◽

Promoter Regions ◽

Cell Wall Modification ◽

Biotic Stresses

Abstract Background Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) serves as an important food source for human beings. β-galactosidase (bgal) is a glycosyl hydrolase involved in cell wall modification, which plays essential roles in plant development and environmental stress adaptation. However, the function of bgal genes in sweetpotato remains unclear. Results In this study, 17 β-galactosidase genes (Ibbgal) were identified in sweetpotato, which were classified into seven subfamilies using interspecific phylogenetic and comparative analysis. The promoter regions of Ibbgals harbored several stress, hormone and light responsive cis-acting elements. Quantitative real-time PCR results displayed that Ibbgal genes had the distinct expression patterns across different tissues and varieties. Moreover, the expression profiles under various hormonal treatments, abiotic and biotic stresses were highly divergent in leaves and root. Conclusions Taken together, these findings suggested that Ibbgals might play an important role in plant development and stress responses, which provided evidences for further study of bgal function and sweetpotato breeding.

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Phytohormones, plant growth regulators and signaling molecules: cross-talk and stress responses

Plant Cell Reports ◽

10.1007/s00299-021-02755-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aryadeep Roychoudhury ◽

Tariq Aftab

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Cross Talk ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Signaling Molecules

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Contrasting roles of GmNAC065 and GmNAC085 in natural senescence, plant development, multiple stresses and cell death responses

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90767-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bruno Paes Melo ◽

Isabela Tristan Lourenço-Tessutti ◽

Otto Teixeira Fraga ◽

Luanna Bezerra Pinheiro ◽

Camila Barrozo de Jesus Lins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Plant Development ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Regulatory Networks ◽

Lower Stress ◽

Multiple Stresses ◽

Gene Sets ◽

Ros Accumulation ◽

Stress Dependent ◽

Senescence Associated Genes

AbstractNACs are plant-specific transcription factors involved in controlling plant development, stress responses, and senescence. As senescence-associated genes (SAGs), NACs integrate age- and stress-dependent pathways that converge to programmed cell death (PCD). In Arabidopsis, NAC-SAGs belong to well-characterized regulatory networks, poorly understood in soybean. Here, we interrogated the soybean genome and provided a comprehensive analysis of senescence-associated Glycine max (Gm) NACs. To functionally examine GmNAC-SAGs, we selected GmNAC065, a putative ortholog of Arabidopsis ANAC083/VNI2 SAG, and the cell death-promoting GmNAC085, an ANAC072 SAG putative ortholog, for analyses. Expression analysis of GmNAC065 and GmNAC085 in soybean demonstrated (i) these cell death-promoting GmNACs display contrasting expression changes during age- and stress-induced senescence; (ii) they are co-expressed with functionally different gene sets involved in stress and PCD, and (iii) are differentially induced by PCD inducers. Furthermore, we demonstrated GmNAC065 expression delays senescence in Arabidopsis, a phenotype associated with enhanced oxidative performance under multiple stresses, higher chlorophyll, carotenoid and sugar contents, and lower stress-induced PCD compared to wild-type. In contrast, GmNAC085 accelerated stress-induced senescence, causing enhanced chlorophyll loss, ROS accumulation and cell death, decreased antioxidative system expression and activity. Accordingly, GmNAC065 and GmNAC085 targeted functionally contrasting sets of downstream AtSAGs, further indicating that GmNAC85 and GmNAC065 regulators function inversely in developmental and environmental PCD.

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