ALA6, a P4-type ATPase, Is Involved in Heat Stress Responses in Arabidopsis thaliana

ABSTRUCTHeat stress can seriously impact on yield production and quality of crops. Many studies uncovered the molecular mechanisms that regulate heat stress responses in plants. Nevertheless, effects of heat stress on the morphology of plants were still not extensively studied. In this study, we observed the detailed morphological changes of reproductive organs in Arabidopsis thaliana caused by heat stress. Larger area of stigma, and shorter length of anthers, filaments and petals were observed in plants subjected to heat stress compared to those under controlled conditions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation showed that length of stigmatic papillae without pollens seemed to be longer than that with pollens. In addition, classification of stigmas based on pollen attachment patterns together with artificial pollination assay revealed that pollen attachment onto stigma was clearly decreased by heat stress, and indicated that heat induced elongation of stigmatic papillae might be associated with disturbance of pollen attachment onto stigma. Furthermore, histochemical staining experiments revealed that crosstalk between Ca2+ and NO derived from pollens and O2− derived from stigma might be associated with morphological alteration of stigma.

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Transgenerational effects of temperature fluctuations in Arabidopsis thaliana

10.32942/osf.io/a3nf4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ying Deng ◽

Oliver Bossdorf ◽

Johannes Fredericus Scheepens

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Climatic Variability ◽

Plant Stress ◽

Plant Responses ◽

Transgenerational Effects ◽

Plant Stress Responses ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

Offspring Generation

Plant stress responses can extend into the following generations, a phenomenon called transgenerational effects. Heat stress, in particular, is known to affect plant offspring, but we do not know to what extent these effects depend on the temporal patterns of the stress, and whether transgenerational responses are adaptive and genetically variable within species. To address these questions, we carried out a two-generation experiment with nine Arabidopsis thaliana genotypes. We subjected the plants to heat stress regimes that varied in timing and frequency, but not in mean temperature, and we then grew the offspring of these plants under controlled conditions as well as under renewed heat stress. The stress treatments significantly carried over to the offspring generation, with timing having stronger effects on plant phenotypes than stress frequency. However there was no evidence that transgenerational effects were adaptive. The magnitudes of transgenerational effects differed substantially among genotypes, and for some traits the strength of plant responses was significantly associated with the climatic variability at the sites of origin. In summary, timing of heat stress not only directly affects plants, but it can also cause transgenerational effects on offspring phenotypes. Genetic variation in transgenerational effects, as well as correlations between transgenerational effects and climatic variability, indicate that transgenerational effects can evolve, and have probably already done so in the past.

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Transgenerational effects of temperature fluctuations in Arabidopsis thaliana

AoB Plants ◽

10.1093/aobpla/plab064 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ying Deng ◽

Oliver Bossdorf ◽

J F Scheepens

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Climatic Variability ◽

Plant Stress ◽

Plant Responses ◽

Transgenerational Effects ◽

Plant Stress Responses ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

Offspring Generation

Abstract Plant stress responses can extend into the following generations, a phenomenon called transgenerational effects. Heat stress, in particular, is known to affect plant offspring, but we do not know to what extent these effects depend on the temporal patterns of the stress, and whether transgenerational responses are adaptive and genetically variable within species. To address these questions, we carried out a two-generation experiment with nine Arabidopsis thaliana genotypes. We subjected the plants to heat stress regimes that varied in timing and frequency, but not in mean temperature, and we then grew the offspring of these plants under controlled conditions as well as under renewed heat stress. The stress treatments significantly carried over to the offspring generation, with timing having stronger effects on plant phenotypes than stress frequency. However, there was no evidence that transgenerational effects were adaptive. The magnitudes of transgenerational effects differed substantially among genotypes, and for some traits the strength of plant responses was significantly associated with the climatic variability at the sites of origin. In summary, timing of heat stress not only directly affects plants, but it can also cause transgenerational effects on offspring phenotypes. Genetic variation in transgenerational effects, as well as correlations between transgenerational effects and climatic variability, indicate that transgenerational effects can evolve, and have probably already done so in the past.

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Structural and Functional Heat Stress Responses of Chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes11060650 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 650

Author(s):

Puneet Paul ◽

Anida Mesihovic ◽

Palak Chaturvedi ◽

Arindam Ghatak ◽

Wolfram Weckwerth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Protein Translocation ◽

Plant Performance ◽

Global Networks ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Physiological Capacity ◽

Single Stress ◽

Chloroplast Morphology

Temperature elevations constitute a major threat to plant performance. In recent years, much was learned about the general molecular mode of heat stress reaction of plants. The current research focuses on the integration of the knowledge into more global networks, including the reactions of cellular compartments. For instance, chloroplast function is central for plant growth and survival, and the performance of chloroplasts is tightly linked to the general status of the cell and vice versa. We examined the changes in photosynthesis, chloroplast morphology and proteomic composition posed in Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplasts after a single or repetitive heat stress treatment over a period of two weeks. We observed that the acclimation is potent in the case of repetitive application of heat stress, while a single stress results in lasting alterations. Moreover, the physiological capacity and its adjustment are dependent on the efficiency of the protein translocation process as judged from the analysis of mutants of the two receptor units of the chloroplast translocon, TOC64, and TOC33. In response to repetitive heat stress, plants without TOC33 accumulate Hsp70 proteins and plants without TOC64 have a higher content of proteins involved in thylakoid structure determination when compared to wild-type plants.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Cross-talk between singlet oxygen- and hydrogen peroxide-dependent signaling of stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1064734.517650 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Eric Lam

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Singlet Oxygen ◽

Cross Talk ◽

Stress Responses

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of A membrane-tethered transcription factor defines a branch of the heat stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.2542956.2191054 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

David G Oppenheimer

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Transcription Factor ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Stress Response ◽

Heat Stress Response

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Genome-Wide Transcriptome Analysis During Anthesis Reveals New Insights into the Molecular Basis of Heat Stress Responses in Tolerant and Sensitive Rice Varieties.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.725932532.793559931 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Motoaki Seki

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Transcriptome Analysis ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Molecular Basis ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Genome Wide

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Alternative splicing landscapes in Arabidopsis thaliana across tissues and stress conditions highlight major functional differences with animals

Genome Biology ◽

10.1186/s13059-020-02258-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Guiomar Martín ◽

Yamile Márquez ◽

Federica Mantica ◽

Paula Duque ◽

Manuel Irimia

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Alternative Splicing ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Target Genes ◽

Intron Retention ◽

Single Gene ◽

Exon Skipping ◽

Environmental Response ◽

Biotic Stresses

Abstract Background Alternative splicing (AS) is a widespread regulatory mechanism in multicellular organisms. Numerous transcriptomic and single-gene studies in plants have investigated AS in response to specific conditions, especially environmental stress, unveiling substantial amounts of intron retention that modulate gene expression. However, a comprehensive study contrasting stress-response and tissue-specific AS patterns and directly comparing them with those of animal models is still missing. Results We generate a massive resource for Arabidopsis thaliana, PastDB, comprising AS and gene expression quantifications across tissues, development and environmental conditions, including abiotic and biotic stresses. Harmonized analysis of these datasets reveals that A. thaliana shows high levels of AS, similar to fruitflies, and that, compared to animals, disproportionately uses AS for stress responses. We identify core sets of genes regulated specifically by either AS or transcription upon stresses or among tissues, a regulatory specialization that is tightly mirrored by the genomic features of these genes. Unexpectedly, non-intron retention events, including exon skipping, are overrepresented across regulated AS sets in A. thaliana, being also largely involved in modulating gene expression through NMD and uORF inclusion. Conclusions Non-intron retention events have likely been functionally underrated in plants. AS constitutes a distinct regulatory layer controlling gene expression upon internal and external stimuli whose target genes and master regulators are hardwired at the genomic level to specifically undergo post-transcriptional regulation. Given the higher relevance of AS in the response to different stresses when compared to animals, this molecular hardwiring is likely required for a proper environmental response in A. thaliana.

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