scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis of the Phospholipase D Family in Five Cotton Species, and Potential Role of GhPLD2 in Fiber Development and Anther Dehiscence

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changkai Ma ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Jiaoyan Lv ◽  
Kaikai Qiao ◽  
Shuli Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Hydrolysis Product ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Fiber Development ◽  
Anther Dehiscence ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Fiber Initiation ◽  
Cotton Species ◽  
Photoperiod Sensitive

Phospholipase D (PLD) and its hydrolysis product phosphatidic acid play an important role in the regulation of several cellular processes, including root growth, pollen tube elongation, and microtubule reorganization. Here, we systematically identified and analyzed the membership, characterization, and evolutionary relationship of PLDs in five species of cotton. The results of the transcriptomic analysis suggested that the evaluated PLD genes showed high expression levels in anther tissue and during the fiber initiation and elongation periods. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed differential expression of GhPLD genes in the anthers of photoperiod sensitive male sterility mutant 5 (psm5). Previous research on multiple stable quantitative trait loci also suggests the role of PLD genes in the fiber development. Further analyses showed that GhPLD2 protein is localized to the plasma membrane. The virus-induced gene silencing of GhPLD2 in cotton seedlings repressed its expression by 40–70%, which led to a reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, 22% anther indehiscence, and disrupted fiber initiation and elongation. Thus, we inferred that GhPLD2 may promote ROS production, which, in turn, may regulate anther dehiscence and fiber development.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis of AAT Genes and Their Expression Profiling during Fiber Development in Cotton

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2461
Author(s):  
Dongjie Yang ◽  
Yuanyuan Liu ◽  
Hailiang Cheng ◽  
Qiaolian Wang ◽  
Limin Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Fiber Development ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Amino Acid Transporters ◽  
Cotton Fiber Development ◽  
Fiber Initiation ◽  
Cotton Species

Amino acid transporters (AATs) are a kind of membrane proteins that mediate the transport of amino acids across cell membranes in higher plants. The AAT proteins are involved in regulating plant cell growth and various developmental processes. However, the biological function of this gene family in cotton fiber development is not clear. In this study, 190, 190, 101, and 94 full-length AAT genes were identified from Gossypiumhirsutum, G. barbadense, G. arboreum, and G. raimondii. A total of 575 AAT genes from the four cotton species were divided into two subfamilies and 12 clades based on phylogenetic analysis. The AAT genes in the four cotton species were distributed on all the chromosomes. All GhAAT genes contain multiple exons, and each GhAAT protein has multiple conserved motifs. Transcriptional profiling and RT qPCR analysis showed that four GhATT genes tend to express specifically at the fiber initiation stage. Eight genes tend to express specifically at the fiber elongation and maturity stage, and four genes tend to express specifically at the fiber initiation and elongation stages. Our results provide a solid basis for further elucidating the biological function of AAT genes related to cotton fiber development and offer valuable genetic resources for crop improvement in the future.

scholarly journals Characterization of Cotton ARF Factors and the Role of GhARF2b in Fiber Development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiufang Zhang ◽  
Junfeng Cao ◽  
Chaochen Huang ◽  
Zishou Zheng ◽  
Xia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Model System ◽  
Fiber Development ◽  
Auxin Response ◽  
Cotton Fiber Development ◽  
Cotton Species

Abstract Background: Cotton fiber is a model system for studying plant cell development. At present, our understanding of cotton fiber development and the regulatory network is still primitive. Results: Here, we identify auxin response factor (ARF) genes in three cotton species: the tetraploid upland cotton G. hirsutum, which has 73 ARF genes, and its putative extent parental diploids G. arboreum and G. raimondii, which have 36 and 35 ARFs, respectively. Ka and Ks analyses revealed that in G. hirsutum ARF genes have undergone asymmetric evolution in the two subgenomes. The cotton ARFs can be classified into four phylogenetic clades and are actively expressed in young tissues. We demonstrate that GhARF2b, a homolog of the Arabidopsis AtARF2, was preferentially expressed in developing ovules and fibers. Overexpression of GhARF2b by a fiber specific promoter inhibited fiber cell elongation but promoted initiation and, conversely, its downregulation by RNAi of resulted in fewer but longer fiber. Conclusion: Our results uncover an important role of the ARF factor in modulating cotton fiber development at the early stage.

scholarly journals Characterization of cotton ARF factors and the role of GhARF2b in fiber development

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiufang Zhang ◽  
Junfeng Cao ◽  
Chaochen Huang ◽  
Zishou Zheng ◽  
Xia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fiber Development ◽  
Auxin Response Factor ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Auxin Response ◽  
Cotton Fiber Development ◽  
Cotton Species

AbstractBackgroundCotton fiber is a model system for studying plant cell development. At present, the functions of many transcription factors in cotton fiber development have been elucidated, however, the roles of auxin response factor (ARF) genes in cotton fiber development need be further explored.ResultsHere, we identify auxin response factor (ARF) genes in three cotton species: the tetraploid upland cottonG. hirsutum, which has 73 ARF genes, and its putative extent parental diploidsG. arboreumandG. raimondii, which have 36 and 35 ARFs, respectively. Ka and Ks analyses revealed that inG. hirsutum ARFgenes have undergone asymmetric evolution in the two subgenomes. The cotton ARFs can be classified into four phylogenetic clades and are actively expressed in young tissues. We demonstrate thatGhARF2b, a homolog of the ArabidopsisAtARF2, was preferentially expressed in developing ovules and fibers. Overexpression ofGhARF2bby a fiber specific promoter inhibited fiber cell elongation but promoted initiation and, conversely, its downregulation by RNAi resulted in fewer but longer fiber. We show that GhARF2b directly interacts with GhHOX3 and represses the transcriptional activity of GhHOX3 on target genes.ConclusionOur results uncover an important role of the ARF factor in modulating cotton fiber development at the early stage.

scholarly journals Functional examination of lncRNAs in allotetraploid Gossypium hirsutum

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luyao Wang ◽  
Jin Han ◽  
Kening Lu ◽  
Menglin Li ◽  
Mengtao Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Cotton Leaf ◽  
Functional Screening ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Individual Gene ◽  
Cotton Species ◽  
Allotetraploid Cotton

Abstract Background An evolutionary model using diploid and allotetraploid cotton species identified 80 % of non-coding transcripts in allotetraploid cotton as being uniquely activated in comparison with its diploid ancestors. The function of the lncRNAs activated in allotetraploid cotton remain largely unknown. Results We employed transcriptome analysis to examine the relationship between the lncRNAs and mRNAs of protein coding genes (PCGs) in cotton leaf tissue under abiotic stresses. LncRNA expression was preferentially associated with that of the flanking PCGs. Selected highly-expressed lncRNA candidates (n = 111) were subjected to a functional screening pilot test in which virus-induced gene silencing was integrated with abiotic stress treatment. From this low-throughput screen, we obtained candidate lncRNAs relating to plant height and tolerance to drought and other abiotic stresses. Conclusions Low-throughput screen is an effective method to find functional lncRNA for further study. LncRNAs were more active in abiotic stresses than PCG expression, especially temperature stress. LncRNA XLOC107738 may take a cis-regulatory role in response to environmental stimuli. The degree to which lncRNAs are constitutively expressed may impact expression patterns and functions on the individual gene level rather than in genome-wide aggregate.

SINE-B1 Distribution and Chromosome Rearrangements in the South American Proechimys gr. goeldii (Echimyidae, Rodentia)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Naiara P. Araújo ◽  
Radarane S. Sena ◽  
Cibele R. Bonvicino ◽  
Gustavo C.S. Kuhn ◽  
Marta Svartman
Keyword(s):  
Transposable Element ◽  
Genome Evolution ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Chromosome Rearrangements ◽  
South American ◽  
Gross Chromosomal Rearrangements

<i>Proechimys</i> species are remarkable for their extensive chromosome rearrangements, representing a good model to understand genome evolution. Herein, we cytogenetically analyzed 3 different cytotypes of <i>Proechimys</i> gr. <i>goeldii</i> to assess their evolutionary relationship. We also mapped the transposable element SINE-B1 on the chromosomes of <i>P.</i> gr. <i>goeldii</i> in order to investigate its distribution among individuals and evaluate its possible contribution to karyotype remodeling in this species. SINE-B1 showed a dispersed distribution along chromosome arms and was also detected at the pericentromeric regions of some chromosomes, including pair 1 and the sex chromosomes, which are involved in chromosome rearrangements. In addition, we describe a new cytotype for <i>P.</i> gr. <i>goeldii</i>, reinforcing the significant role of gross chromosomal rearrangements during the evolution of the genus. The results of FISH with SINE-B1 suggest that this issue should be more deeply investigated for a better understanding of its role in the mechanisms involved in the wide variety of <i>Proechimys</i> karyotypes.

scholarly journals Specificity of Loxosceles α Clade Phospholipase D Enzymes for Choline-Containing Lipids: Role of a Conserved Aromatic Cage

2021 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 234a
Author(s):  
Emmanuel E. Moutoussamy ◽  
Qaiser Waheed ◽  
Greta Binford ◽  
Matthew Cordes ◽  
Hanif Muhammad Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Aromatic Cage

Role of Phospholipase D Activation in Nervous System Physiology and Pathophysiology

2002 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1445-1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Klein ◽  
Vered Chalifa ◽  
Mordechai Liscovitch ◽  
Konrad Löffelholz
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Phospholipase D ◽  
System Physiology

scholarly journals Analysis of structural similarities between brain Thy-1 antigen and immunoglobulin domains. Evidence for an evolutionary relationship and a hypothesis for its functional significance

1981 ◽  
Vol 195 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
F E Cohen ◽  
J Novotný ◽  
M J E Sternberg ◽  
D G Campbell ◽  
A F Williams
Keyword(s):  
Functional Significance ◽  
Structure Prediction ◽  
Secondary Structure Prediction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Sequence Homologies ◽  
Beta Structure ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin

The Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein from rat brain is shown to have structural and sequence homologies with immunoglobulin (Ig) domains on the basis of the following evidence. 1. The two disulphide bonds of Thy-1 are both consistent with the Ig-fold. 2. The molecule contains extensive beta-structure as shown by the c.d. spectrum. 3. Secondary structure prediction locates beta-strands along the sequence in a manner consistent with the Ig-fold. 4. On the basis of rules derived from known beta-sheet structures, a three-dimensional structure with the Ig-fold is predicted as favourable for Thy-1. 5. Sequences in the proposed beta-strands of Thy-1 and known beta-strands of Ig domains show significant sequence homology. This homology is statistically more significant than for the comparison of proposed beta-strand sequences of beta 2-microglobulin with Ig domains. An hypothesis is presented for the possible functional significance of an evolutionary relationship between Thy-1 and Ig. It is suggested that both Thy-1 and Ig evolved from primitive molecules, with an Ig fold, which mediated cell--cell interactions. The present-day role of Thy-1 may be similar to that of the primitive domain.

The role of phospholipase D in Glut-4 translocation

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 456-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Huang ◽  
Michael A. Frohman
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Glut 4 ◽  
Glut 4 Translocation
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document