scholarly journals The 55K SNP-Based Exploration of QTLs for Spikelet Number Per Spike in a Tetraploid Wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) Population: Chinese Landrace “Ailanmai” × Wild Emmer

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziqiang Mo ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Jiatai Wei ◽  
Jieguang Zhou ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Wild Emmer ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Spikelet Number Per Spike

Spikelet number per spike (SNS) is the primary factor that determines wheat yield. Common wheat breeding reduces the genetic diversity among elite germplasm resources, leading to a detrimental effect on future wheat production. It is, therefore, necessary to explore new genetic resources for SNS to increase wheat yield. A tetraploid landrace “Ailanmai” × wild emmer wheat recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was used to construct a genetic map using a wheat 55K single- nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. The linkage map containing 1,150 bin markers with a total genetic distance of 2,411.8 cm was obtained. Based on the phenotypic data from the eight environments and best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) values, five quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for SNS were identified, explaining 6.71–29.40% of the phenotypic variation. Two of them, QSns.sau-AM-2B.2 and QSns.sau-AM-3B.2, were detected as a major and novel QTL. Their effects were further validated in two additional F2 populations using tightly linked kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers. Potential candidate genes within the physical intervals of the corresponding QTLs were predicted to participate in inflorescence development and spikelet formation. Genetic associations between SNS and other agronomic traits were also detected and analyzed. This study demonstrates the feasibility of the wheat 55K SNP array developed for common wheat in the genetic mapping of tetraploid population and shows the potential application of wheat-related species in wheat improvement programs.

scholarly journals The Wheat 55K SNP-Based Exploration of Loci for Spikelet Number Per Spike From a Tetraploid Wheat (Triticum Turgidum L.) Recombinant Inbred Line Population Derived From a Chinese Landrace ‘ailanmai’ and a Wild Emmer Accession

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziqiang Mo ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Jiatai Wei ◽  
Jieguang Zhou ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Line ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Wheat Improvement ◽  
Spikelet Number Per Spike

Abstract Background: Increasing wheat yield is an urgent task to solve the global food shortage. Spikelet number per spike (SNS) is a key factor in determining kernel number per spike which has a great effect on wheat grain yield. However, modern wheat breeding narrows genetic diversity among cultivars leading to a detrimental effect on future wheat improvement. It is thus of great significance to explore new genetic resources for SNS to increase wheat yield.Results: A tetraploid landrace ‘Ailanmai’ × wild emmer wheat recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was used to construct a high-density genetic map using the wheat 55K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. The results showed that 94.83% (6204) of the mapped markers had consistent genetic and physical chromosomal locations. Subsequently, fourteen quantitative trait loci (QTL) for SNS explaining 4.23-27.26% of the phenotypic variation were identified. QSns.sau-AM-2B.3 and QSns.sau-AM-3B.2 were considered as major and novel QTL and their combination had the largest effect and increased SNS by 17.47%. In the physical intervals of QSns.sau-AM-2B.3 and QSns.sau-AM-3B.2, some development-related genes were predicted to participate in the spikelet growth and affect SNS. Additionally, significant correlations between SNS and other agronomic traits like significant and positive correlation between SNS and thousand kernel weight were detected and analyzed. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated the feasibility of wheat 55K SNP array in genetic mapping of tetraploid wheat and provided an example of exploring outstanding genetic resources from wheat related species for further utilization in common wheat improvement.

scholarly journals The wheat 55K SNP-based exploration of loci for spikelet number per spike from a tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) recombinant inbred line population derived from a Chinese landrace ‘Ailanmai’ and a wild emmer accession

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziqiang Mo ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Jiatai Wei ◽  
Jieguang Zhou ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Wheat Improvement ◽  
Ril Population ◽  
Spikelet Number Per Spike

AbstractSpikelet number per spike (SNS) is a key factor in determining kernel number per spike which has a great effect on wheat grain yield. Modern wheat breeding narrows genetic diversity among cultivars leading to a detrimental effect on future wheat improvement. It is thus of great significance to explore new genetic resources for SNS to increase wheat yield. Here, a tetraploid landrace ‘Ailanmai’ × wild emmer wheat recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was used to construct a high-density genetic map using the wheat 55K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. Our results showed that the genetic and physical locations of 94.83% (6204) of the mapped markers were consistent. Subsequently, fourteen quantitative trait loci (QTL) for SNS explaining 4.23-27.26% of the phenotypic variation were identified. QSns.sau-AM-2B.3 and QSns.sau-AM-3B.2 were considered as major and novel QTL and their combination had the largest effect and increased SNS by 17.47%. In the physical intervals of QSns.sau-AM-2B.3 and QSns.sau-AM-3B.2, some development-related genes were predicted to participate in the spikelet growth and affect SNS. Additionally, significant correlations between SNS and other agronomic traits like significant and positive correlation between SNS and thousand kernel weight were detected and analyzed. Our findings demonstrated the feasibility of wheat 55K SNP array in genetic mapping of tetraploid wheat and provided an example of exploring outstanding genetic resources from wheat related species for further utilization in common wheat improvement.Key messageThe wheat 55K SNP array was firstly and successfully applied to construct a genetic map and explore two major and novel QTL for SNS in a tetraploid wheat RIL population.

scholarly journals Identification and Validation of a Novel Locus Controlling Spikelet Number in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Li ◽  
Guangbing Deng ◽  
Yanyan Tang ◽  
Yan Su ◽  
Jinhui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike ◽  
Spikelet Number Per Spike

Spikelet number is an important target trait for wheat yield improvement. Thus, the identification and verification of novel quantitative trait locus (QTL)/genes controlling spikelet number are essential for dissecting the underlying molecular mechanisms and hence for improving grain yield. In the present study, we constructed a high-density genetic map for the Kechengmai1/Chuanmai42 doubled haploid (DH) population using 13,068 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers from the Wheat 55K SNP array. A comparison between the genetic and physical maps indicated high consistence of the marker orders. Based on this genetic map, a total of 27 QTLs associated with total spikelet number per spike (TSN) and fertile spikelet number per spike (FSN) were detected on chromosomes 1B, 1D, 2B, 2D, 3D, 4A, 4D, 5A, 5B, 5D, 6A, 6B, and 7D in five environments. Among them, five QTLs on chromosome 2D, 3D, 5A, and 7D were detected in multiple environments and combined QTL analysis, explaining the phenotypic variance ranging from 3.64% to 23.28%. Particularly, QTsn/Fsn.cib-3D for TSN and FSN [phenotypic variation explained (PVE) = 5.97–23.28%, limit of detection (LOD) = 3.73–18.51] is probably a novel locus and located in a 4.5-cM interval on chromosome arm 3DL flanking by the markers AX-110914105 and AX-109429351. This QTL was further validated in other two populations with different genetic backgrounds using the closely linked Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) marker KASP_AX-110914105. The results indicated that QTsn/Fsn.cib-3D significantly increased the TSN (5.56–7.96%) and FSN (5.13–9.35%), which were significantly correlated with grain number per spike (GNS). We also preliminary analyzed the candidate genes within this locus by sequence similarity, spatial expression patterns, and collinearity analysis. These results provide solid foundation for future fine mapping and cloning of QTsn/Fsn.cib-3D. The developed and validated KASP markers could be utilized in molecular breeding aiming to increase the grain yield in wheat.

scholarly journals Genetic Mapping by Integration of 55K SNP Array and KASP Markers Reveals Candidate Genes for Important Agronomic Traits in Hexaploid Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongchun Xiong ◽  
Yuting Li ◽  
Huijun Guo ◽  
Yongdun Xie ◽  
Linshu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Kasp Markers

Agronomic traits such as heading date (HD), plant height (PH), thousand grain weight (TGW), and spike length (SL) are important factors affecting wheat yield. In this study, we constructed a high-density genetic linkage map using the Wheat55K SNP Array to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for these traits in 207 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). A total of 37 QTLs were identified, including 9 QTLs for HD, 7 QTLs for PH, 12 QTLs for TGW, and 9 QTLs for SL, which explained 3.0–48.8% of the phenotypic variation. Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers were developed based on sequencing data and used for validation of the stably detected QTLs on chromosomes 3A, 4B and 6A using 400 RILs. A QTL cluster on chromosome 4B for PH and TGW was delimited to a 0.8 Mb physical interval explaining 12.2–22.8% of the phenotypic variation. Gene annotations and analyses of SNP effects suggested that a gene encoding protein Photosynthesis Affected Mutant 68, which is essential for photosystem II assembly, is a candidate gene affecting PH and TGW. In addition, the QTL for HD on chromosome 3A was narrowed down to a 2.5 Mb interval, and a gene encoding an R3H domain-containing protein was speculated to be the causal gene influencing HD. The linked KASP markers developed in this study will be useful for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding, and the candidate genes provide new insight into genetic study for those traits in wheat.

scholarly journals Novel function of a putative MOC1 ortholog associated with spikelet number per spike in common wheat

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Xia Liu ◽  
Weina Xu ◽  
Jianzhong Chang ◽  
Ang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Spikelet Number Per Spike

Wheat Response to Simulated Glyphosate Drift

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1010-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Roider ◽  
James L. Griffin ◽  
Stephen A. Harrison ◽  
Curtis A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Spike Density ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Boot Stage ◽  
Glyphosate Drift ◽  
Spikelet Number Per Spike

Glyphosate at simulated drift rates representing 12.5, 6.3, and 1.6% of the usage rate of 1,120 g ai/ha (140, 70, and 18 g/ha, respectively) was applied to wheat at first node, boot stage, or at early flowering. At 14 d after treatment (DAT) wheat injury, expressed as bleaching of leaf foliage and growth inhibition, was 40 to 55% for 70 g/ha applied at first node and for 140 g/ha applied at all growth stages. Wheat height 28 DAT was reduced 47% with glyphosate applied at 140 g/ha at first node and was reduced around 26% for 70 g/ha applied at first node and 140 g/ha applied at boot stage. Wheat height was not reduced with glyphosate at 18 g/ha applied at first node or boot stage and with all rates applied at early flowering. Wheat yield was reduced 72% when glyphosate was applied at 140 g/ha at first node, 45% when applied at boot stage, and 54% when applied at early flowering. For 70 g/ha, wheat yield was reduced 25 to 30% for the three application timings. Wheat yield was not reduced for 18 g/ha glyphosate. In another study, six wheat varieties responded the same to glyphosate applied at 140 and 70 g/ha. Wheat height 28 DAT was reduced an average of 34% for 140 g/ha glyphosate and 17% for 70 g/ha applied at first node, but height was not reduced when applied at early flowering. Yield was reduced an average of 58 and 43% for 140 and 70 g/ha applied at first node and 38 and 19% for 140 and 70 g/ha applied at early flowering. In both studies yield reductions in most cases were reflected in reduced spike density, spikelet number per spike, and seed weight.

scholarly journals Cytogenetic identification and molecular marker development for the novel stripe rust-resistant wheat–Thinopyrum intermedium translocation line WTT11

aBIOTECH ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guotang Yang ◽  
Qi Zheng ◽  
Pan Hu ◽  
Hongwei Li ◽  
Qiaoling Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Wheat Group

AbstractStripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. Xiaoyan 78829, a partial amphidiploid developed by crossing common wheat with Thinopyrum intermedium, is immune to wheat stripe rust. To transfer the resistance gene of this excellent germplasm resource to wheat, the translocation line WTT11 was produced by pollen irradiation and assessed for immunity to stripe rust races CYR32, CYR33 and CYR34. A novel stripe rust-resistance locus derived from Th. intermedium was confirmed by linkage and diagnostic marker analyses. Molecular cytogenetic analyses revealed that WTT11 carries a TTh·2DL translocation. The breakpoint of 1B was located at 95.5 MB, and the alien segments were found to be homoeologous to wheat-group chromosomes 6 and 7 according to a wheat660K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array analysis. Ten previously developed PCR-based markers were confirmed to rapidly trace the alien segments of WTT11, and 20 kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers were developed to enable genotyping of Th. intermedium and common wheat. Evaluation of agronomic traits in two consecutive crop seasons uncovered some favorable agronomic traits in WTT11, such as lower plant height and longer main panicles, that may be applicable to wheat improvement. As a novel genetic resource, the new resistance locus may be useful for wheat disease-resistance breeding.

Effects of the GA-responsive dwarfing gene Rht18 from tetraploid wheat on agronomic traits of common wheat

2015 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 92-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Yang ◽  
Jiacheng Zheng ◽  
Caiyun Liu ◽  
Yushen Wang ◽  
Anthony Gerard Condon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Dwarfing Gene

scholarly journals Linkage mapping identifies a non-synonymous mutation in FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT-B1) increasing spikelet number per spike

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Brassac ◽  
Quddoos H. Muqaddasi ◽  
Jörg Plieske ◽  
Martin W. Ganal ◽  
Marion S. Röder
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Synonymous Substitution ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Spikelet Number Per Spike

AbstractTotal spikelet number per spike (TSN) is a major component of spike architecture in wheat (Triticumaestivum L.). A major and consistent quantitative trait locus (QTL) was discovered for TSN in a doubled haploid spring wheat population grown in the field over 4 years. The QTL on chromosome 7B explained up to 20.5% of phenotypic variance. In its physical interval (7B: 6.37–21.67 Mb), the gene FLOWERINGLOCUST (FT-B1) emerged as candidate for the observed effect. In one of the parental lines, FT-B1 carried a non-synonymous substitution on position 19 of the coding sequence. This mutation modifying an aspartic acid (D) into a histidine (H) occurred in a highly conserved position. The mutation was observed with a frequency of ca. 68% in a set of 135 hexaploid wheat varieties and landraces, while it was not found in other plant species. FT-B1 only showed a minor effect on heading and flowering time (FT) which were dominated by a major QTL on chromosome 5A caused by segregation of the vernalization gene VRN-A1. Individuals carrying the FT-B1 allele with amino acid histidine had, on average, a higher number of spikelets (15.1) than individuals with the aspartic acid allele (14.3) independent of their VRN-A1 allele. We show that the effect of TSN is not mainly related to flowering time; however, the duration of pre-anthesis phases may play a major role.

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