scholarly journals Genetic Dissection Uncovers Genome-Wide Marker-Trait Associations for Plant Growth, Yield, and Yield-Related Traits Under Varying Nitrogen Levels in Nested Synthetic Wheat Introgression Libraries

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitika Sandhu ◽  
Amandeep Kaur ◽  
Mehak Sethi ◽  
Satinder Kaur ◽  
Varinderpal-Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Synthetic Wheat ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Trait Associations

Nitrogen is one of the most important macronutrients for crop growth and metabolism. To identify marker-trait associations for complex nitrogen use efficiency (NUE)-related agronomic traits, field experiments were conducted on nested synthetic wheat introgression libraries at three nitrogen input levels across two seasons. The introgression libraries were genotyped using the 35K Axiom® Wheat Breeder's Array and genetic diversity and population structure were examined. Significant phenotypic variation was observed across genotypes, treatments, and their interactions across seasons for all the 22 traits measured. Significant positive correlations were observed among grain yield and yield-attributing traits and root traits. Across seasons, a total of 233 marker-trait associations (MTAs) associated with fifteen traits of interest at different levels of nitrogen (N0, N60, and N120) were detected using 9,474 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Of these, 45 MTAs for 10 traits in the N0 treatment, 100 MTAs for 11 traits in the N60 treatment, and 88 MTAs for 11 traits in the N120 treatment were detected. We identified putative candidate genes underlying the significant MTAs which were associated directly or indirectly with various biological processes, cellular component organization, and molecular functions involving improved plant growth and grain yield. In addition, the top 10 lines based on N response and grain yield across seasons and treatments were identified. The identification and introgression of superior alleles/donors improving the NUE while maintaining grain yield may open new avenues in designing next generation nitrogen-efficient high-yielding wheat varieties.

scholarly journals Genetic Dissection Uncovers Genome Wide Marker-Trait Associations for Plant Growth, Yield and Yield Related Traits Under Varying Nitrogen Levels in Nested Synthetic Wheat Introgression Libraries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
NITIKA SANDHU ◽  
Amandeep Kaur ◽  
Mehak Sethi ◽  
Satinder Kaur ◽  
Varinderpal Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Synthetic Wheat ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Trait Associations

Abstract Nitrogen is one of the most important macronutrients for crop growth and metabolism. To identify marker-trait associations for complex NUE-related agronomic traits, field experiments were conducted on nested synthetic wheat introgression libraries at three nitrogen input levels across two seasons. The introgression libraries were genotyped using the 35K Axiom® Wheat Breeder’s Array and genetic diversity and population structure were examined. Significant phenotypic variation was observed across genotypes, treatments and their interactions across seasons for all the 22 traits measured. Significant positive correlations were observed among grain yield and yield attributing traits and root traits. Across seasons, a total of 233 marker-trait associations (MTAs) associated with fifteen traits of interest at differential levels of nitrogen (N0, N60 and N120) were detected using 9,474 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Of these, 45 MTAs for 10 traits in the N0 treatment, 100 MTAs for 11 traits in the N60 treatment and 88 MTAs for 11 traits in the N120 treatment were detected. We identified putative candidate genes underlying the significant MTAs which were associated directly or indirectly with various biological processes, cellular component organization and molecular functions involving improved plant growth and grain yield. In addition, the top 10 lines based on N response and grain yield across seasons and treatments were identified. The identification and introgression of superior alleles/donors improving NUE while maintaining grain yield may open new avenues in designing next-generation nitrogen efficient high yielding wheat varieties.

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study for yield and yield related traits under reproductive stage drought in a diverse indica-aus rice panel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Bhandari ◽  
Nitika Sandhu ◽  
Jérôme Bartholome ◽  
Tuong-Vi Cao-Hamadoun ◽  
Nourollah Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genomic Regions

Abstract Background Reproductive-stage drought stress is a major impediment to rice production in rainfed areas. Conventional and marker-assisted breeding strategies for developing drought-tolerant rice varieties are being optimized by mining and exploiting adaptive traits, genetic diversity; identifying the alleles, and understanding their interactions with genetic backgrounds for their increased contribution to drought tolerance. Field experiments were conducted in this study to identify marker-trait associations (MTAs) involved in response to yield under reproductive-stage (RS) drought. A diverse set of 280 indica-aus accessions was phenotyped for ten agronomic traits including yield and yield-related traits under normal irrigated condition and under two managed reproductive-stage drought environments. The accessions were genotyped with 215,250 single nucleotide polymorphism markers. Results The study identified a total of 219 significant MTAs for 10 traits and candidate gene analysis within a 200kb window centred from GWAS identified SNP peaks detected these MTAs within/ in close proximity to 38 genes, 4 earlier reported major grain yield QTLs and 6 novel QTLs for 7 traits out of the 10. The significant MTAs were mainly located on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6, 9, 11 and 12 and the percent phenotypic variance captured for these traits ranged from 5 to 88%. The significant positive correlation of grain yield with yield-related and other agronomic traits except for flowering time, observed under different environments point towards their contribution in improving rice yield under drought. Seven promising accessions were identified for use in future genomics-assisted breeding programs targeting grain yield improvement under drought. Conclusion These results provide a promising insight into the complex genetic architecture of grain yield under reproductive-stage drought in different environments. Validation of major genomic regions reported in the study will enable their effectiveness to develop drought-tolerant varieties following marker-assisted selection as well as to identify genes and understanding the associated physiological mechanisms.

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study for grain yield and related traits in elite wheat varieties and advanced lines using SNP markers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. e0188662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Xing Wang ◽  
Yu-Lei Zhu ◽  
De-Xin Zhang ◽  
Hui Shao ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals Variability of quantitative and qualitative traits of coloured winter wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Alžbeta Žofajová ◽  
Michaela Havrlentová ◽  
Miroslav Ondrejovič ◽  
Maroš Juraška ◽  
Barbora Michalíková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Breeding Goal ◽  
Red Variety ◽  
Grain Colour

Abstract The aim of research was to analyse winter wheat of different grain colour and to compare newly bred coloured genotypes from our breeding in grain yield and technological and nutritional quality. The set of seven purple, five blue and four yellow wheats of different origin, including seven newly bred genotypes from Vígľaš-Pstruša, was evaluated in the field experiments established by randomised complete block design in two replications in Piešťany, in the vegetations 2012/13 and 2013/14. In seven wheat varieties differing in grain colours (selected after two of each colour plus control red variety Ilona) anthocyanin composition was evaluated by HPLC analysis. Significant differences were between growing years and among colour groups in most analysed traits. Blue grain newly bred K 3575 699/3 showed the highest anthocyanin content (by 33.5% higher compared to blue grain registered variety Scorpion). However, blue grain genotypes showed negative agronomic traits combined with low number and grain weight per spike and high plant height. In new purple variety PS Karkulka, declared grain yield and its quality were confirmed and the highest mineral content (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn) was found in selected set. Purple grain newly bred PS 5711 had lower anthocyanin content (by 17.7%), but in quality it was comparable to PS Karkulka. Varieties with yellow endosperm showed the highest number and weight of grains per spike, however it was significantly lower to Ilona. The breeding goal of coloured winter wheat is still to improve the grain yield as well as additional agronomics traits.

scholarly journals Development of SNP markers for grain yield screening of Brazilian rice cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Feresin Pantalião ◽  
Rosana Pereira Vianello ◽  
Luíce Gomes Bueno ◽  
João Antônio Mendonça ◽  
Alexandre Siqueira Guedes Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Productive Potential

Abstract: The objective of this work was to identify and validate single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers related to grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa) core collection. The genome-wide association studies (GWAS) methodology was applied for genotyping of 541 rice accessions by 167,470 SNPs. The grain yield of these accessions was estimated through the joint analysis of nine field experiments carried out in six Brazilian states. Fifteen SNPs were significantly associated with grain yield, and out of the ten SNPs converted to TaqMan assays, four discriminated the most productive accessions. These markers were used for the screening of rice accessions with favorable alleles. The selected accessions were, then, evaluated in field experiments in target environments, in order to select the most productive ones. This screening reduces the number of accessions evaluated experimentally, making it possible to prioritize those with higher productive potential, which allows of the increase of the number of replicates and, consequently, of the experimental accuracy.

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study and genomic selection for plant height, maturity, seed weight, and yield in soybean

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waltram Ravelombola ◽  
Jun Qin ◽  
Ainong Shi ◽  
Fengmin Wang ◽  
Yan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide

Abstract Background Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a legume of great interest worldwide. Enhancing genetic gain for agronomic traits via molecular approaches has been long considered as the main task for soybean breeders and geneticists. The objectives of this study were to evaluate maturity, plant height, seed weight, and yield in a diverse soybean accession panel, to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for these traits and identify SNP markers associated with the four traits, and to assess genomic selection (GS) accuracy. Results A total of 250 soybean accessions were evaluated for maturity, plant height, seed weight, and yield over three years. This panel was genotyped with a total of 10,259 high quality SNPs postulated from genotyping by sequencing (GBS). GWAS was performed using a Bayesian Information and Linkage Disequilibrium Iteratively Nested Keyway (BLINK) model, and GS was evaluated using a ridge regression best linear unbiased predictor (rrBLUP) model. The results revealed that a total of 20, 31, 37, 31, and 23 SNPs were significantly associated with the average 3-year data for maturity, plant height, seed weight, and yield, respectively; some significant SNPs were mapped into previously described loci ( E2 , E4 , and Dt1 ) affecting maturity and plant height in soybean and a new locus mapped on chromosome 20 was significantly associated with plant height; Glyma.10g228900 , Glyma.19g200800 , Glyma.09g196700 , and Glyma.09g038300 were candidate genes found in the vicinity of the top or the second best SNP for maturity, plant height, seed weight, and yield, respectively; a 11.5-Mb region of chromosome 10 was associated with both seed weight and yield; and GS accuracy was trait-, year-, and population structure-dependent. Conclusions The SNP markers identified from this study for plant height, maturity, seed weight and yield can be used to improve the four agronomic traits through marker-assisted selection (MAS) and GS in soybean breeding programs. After validation, the candidate genes can be transferred to new cultivars using SNP markers through MAS. The high GS accuracy has confirmed that the four agronomic traits can be selected in molecular breeding through GS.

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study for yield and yield related traits under reproductive stage drought in a diverse indica-aus rice panel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Bhandari ◽  
Nitika Sandhu ◽  
Jérôme Bartholome ◽  
Tuong-Vi Cao-Hamadoun ◽  
Nourollah Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Genomic Regions

Abstract Background Reproductive-stage drought stress is a major impediment to rice production globally. Conventional and marker-assisted breeding strategies for developing drought tolerant rice varieties are being optimized by mining and exploiting adaptive traits, genetic diversity; identifying the alleles and understanding their interactions with genetic backgrounds for contributing to drought tolerance. Field experiments were conducted in this study to identify marker-trait associations (MTAs) involved in response to yield under reproductive-stage drought. A diverse set of 280 indica-aus accessions was phenotyped for grain yield and nine yield-related traits under normal condition and under two managed drought environments. The accessions were genotyped with 215,250 single nucleotide polymorphism markers. Results The study identified a total of 220 significant MTAs and candidate gene analysis within 200kb window centred from GWAS identified SNP peaks detected these MTAs within/ in close proximity to 47 genes, 4 earlier reported major grain yield QTLs and 8 novel QTLs for 10 traits. The significant MTAs were majorly located on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6, 11 and 12 and the percent phenotypic variance captured for these traits ranged from 5 to 88%. The significant positive correlation of grain yield with yield-related traits, except flowering time, observed under different environments point towards their contribution in improving rice yield under drought. Seven promising accessions were identified for use in future genomics-assisted breeding program targeting grain yield improvement under drought. Conclusion These results provide a promising insight into the complex-genetic architecture of grain yield under reproductive-stage drought under different environments. Validation of major genomic regions reported in the study can be effectively used to develop drought tolerant varieties following marker-assisted selection as well as to identify genes and understanding the associated physiological mechanisms.

scholarly journals Improvement Growth, Yield, and Seed Quality of Pea Plants Using Glass Fertilizers and Bio-Fertilizers.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman G. Sayed ◽  
Mona A. Ouis
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A new glass fertilizer (GF) system of main composition 60P2O5.30K2O.3.5ZnO. 3.5MnO.3Fe2O3 was developed in response to the needs of pea plants with bio-fertilizers (Rhizobium leguminosarum. Bv.vicieae, Bacillus megaterium var phosphaticum, Bacillus circulans).GF was prepared by the traditional melt quenching technique at 1150°C. Characterization of prepared system was done using FTIR spectra before and after immersion in a simulated actual agriculture medium like 2% citric acid and distilled water. During two winter seasons, two successful field experiments were conducted at Cairo University's Eastern Farm to determine the impact of chemical, glass, and bio-fertilizers on plant growth, yield attributes, and seed quality of pea plant. Control treatment were without any addition of recommended chemical fertilizers and other treatments were full dose of recommended chemical fertilizers (100%RDF), glass fertilizers at rate 60 kg fed− 1, Glass fertilizers at rate30 kg fed− 1, 50% RDF ,100%RDF + bio-fertilizers, Glass fertilizers at rate 60 kg fed− 1 + bio-fertilizers, glass fertilizers at rate 30 kg fed− 1+ bio-fertilizers, 50%RDF + bio-fertilizers. Plots received 60 kg fed− 1 glass fertilizers + bio-fertilizers show the highest significant increment in plant growth, number and weight of pods plant− 1, number of grain pods− 1, grain yield, biological yield, P%, k% in pea leaves and quality of pea seeds compared with plots without any addition (control) in both seasons.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sesame Yield and Yield Component under Different NPS Fertilizer Rates in Western Tigray, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Teame Shimgabr ◽  
Negasi Gebereslasie ◽  
Haile Alene ◽  
Welesenbet Haftu ◽  
Nebyu Tsegay
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Number Of Branches

Field experiments were conducted in three sites of Western Tigray, Ethiopia. The experiments aimed at identifying optimum the rate of the newly introduced NPS fertilizer impact with different levels on growth, yield attributes, yield and economics of sesame in vertisols of Western Tigray at the Humera station, Banat and Kebabo Kafta Humera and Tsegede Wereda’s. The treatments consisted of six levels of NPS 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha-1 and one blanket recommendation N and P was applied. The experiment was laid out in an RCBD with three replications. Yield of Sesame and yield related components showed significant difference (p < 0.001) compared to control. Results showed that number of branches plant-1, length of pod bearing zone (cm), plant height (cm), number of capsules plant-1, seeds capsule-1 and seed yield was significant differences at (P< 0.001) Grain yield increases from 444.8 kg ha-1 to 671.9 kg ha-1 as NPS and 444.8 kg ha-1 to 628 kg ha-1 as NP increases from 0 (control) to 100 kg ha-1 NPS and 41 kg N and 46 kg P205 ha-1 respectively. But NPS was not significant with blanket recommendation of N and P (41 kg N and 46 kg P205 ha-1), therefore no need to replace the NP by NPS fertilizer in the study area.

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