scholarly journals Bioactive Nutrient Fortified Fertilizer: A Novel Hybrid Approach for the Enrichment of Wheat Grains With Zinc

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif Ali ◽  
Farrukh Naeem ◽  
Nadeem Tariq ◽  
Ijaz Ahmed ◽  
Asma Imran
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Zn Bioavailability

Zinc (Zn) is a critical micronutrient that synergizes nutrient use efficiency, and improves plant growth and human health. Low Zn bioavailability in soils affects produce quality and agricultural productivity worldwide ultimately inducing deficiency in humans and animals. Zn deficiency is a leading cause of malnutrition in underdeveloped countries where a widespread population depends upon staple cereals for daily intake of calories. Modern cereal cultivars are inherently low in Zn, eventually, plants need to be enriched with soil application of ZnSO4, but due to higher fixation losses, it becomes an inefficient source. Rhizosphere microbiome contains Zn-solubilizing bacteria (ZSB) that improve Zn bioavailability, thus increase the root function, Zn uptake, and plant growth. Niha Corp developed a hybrid process of bioactive nutrient fortified fertilizer (BNFF), which has been used to formulate Zabardast Urea (ZU) by coating bioactive Zn (BAZ) and ZSB on urea. Data obtained for 15 wheat varieties from 119 farmer field demonstration plots and eight replicated trials on 42 locations across multi-environment conditions conclude that ZU significantly improved the plant biomass and yield by 12% over non-Zn control and produced grains with 57 μg/g Zn contents, which can meet a major part of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of humans. The study recommends that this microbe-mediated hybrid invention (ZU) is a feasible approach to boost Zn bioavailability and Zn use efficiency, with enhanced yield and quality that may contribute to improve human health. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first wide-scale field testing of Zn enrichment in the grains of bread wheat using an innovative BNFF Urea Z technology.

Smart Fertilizer Strategy for Better Crop Production

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Karthik ◽  
M. Uma Maheswari
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Controlled Release Fertilizers

Food security is one of the major concerns for all developing countries of the world. Even though we had attained the highest food production with the use of new technologies, we may not able to feed the burgeoning population adequately in coming years due to stagnant crop productivity. Natural source of nutrients like organic manures and external source of nutrients, viz. fertilizers, are considered as the two eyes in plant nutrient management. Nutrient use efficiency of fertilizer is very low due to numerous pathways of losses such as leaching, denitrification, microbial immobilization, fixation and runoff. It has been estimated that around 40-70% of nitrogen, 80-90% of phosphorus, 50-70% of potassium and more than 95% of micronutrient content of applied fertilizers are lost in to the environment and results in pollution (Kanjana, 2017). Smart fertilizers like slow and controlled release fertilizers, nanofertilizers and bioformulation fertilizers are the new technologies to enhance the nutrient use efficiency their by improving crop yield in sustainable manner. The use of slow and controlled release fertilizers increase nutrient use efficiency, minimize the risks like leaf burning, water contamination and eutrophication. Nano-fertilizers are the nano-particles-based fertilizers, where supply of the nutrients is made precisely for maximum plant growth, have higher use efficiency, exploiting plant unavailable nutrients in the rhizosphere and can be delivered on real time basis into the rhizosphere or by foliar spray (Priyanka Solangi et al., 2015). The small size, high specific surface area and reactivity of nano fertilizers increase the solubility, diffusion and availability of nutrients to plants and enhance crop productivity. Bioformulation is microbial preparations containing specific beneficial microorganisms which are capable of fixing or solubilizing or mobilizing plant nutrients for promoting plant growth and crop yield. Smart fertilizers are the better option for the farmers to increase their crop yield with low input cost in sustainable way without degrading natural environment.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effects of Digestates and Combinations of Digestates and Fertilizer on Yield and Nutrient Use of Brassica juncea (Kai Choy)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 509
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Jamison ◽  
Samir Kumar Khanal ◽  
Nhu H. Nguyen ◽  
Jonathan L. Deenik
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Fertilizer Value ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Anaerobic digestion of organic wastes produces solid residues known as digestates, which have potential as a fertilizer and soil amendment. The majority of research on digestate focuses on their fertilizer value. However, there is a lack of information about additional effects they may have on plant growth, both positive and negative. Understanding the effects of digestate on plant growth is essential to optimizing their use in agriculture and helping close the loop of material and energy balances. This greenhouse study evaluated the effects of two different digestates, a food waste digestate (FWD) and a lignocellulosic biomass digestate (LBD); a liquid fertilizer; and various combinations of fertilizer and digestates on plant growth, nutrient uptake and nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of Brassica juncea (kai choy) plants. It also evaluated potential negative attributes of the digestates, including salinity and possible biohazards. Combinations of LBD and fertilizer performed as well or slightly better than the fertilizer control for most parameters, including aboveground biomass and root length. These same combinations had significantly higher nitrogen use efficiency than the fertilizer control. Inhibitory effects were observed in 100% LBD treatments, likely due to the high electrical conductivity of the media from digestate application. Based on this research, LBD could partially replace mineral fertilizers for kai choy at up to 50% of the target nitrogen rate and may lead to increased plant growth beyond mineral fertilizers. FWD could replace up to 100% of the target nitrogen application, without causing significant negative effects on plant growth. Increasing the use of digestates in agriculture will provide additional incentives for the anaerobic digestion process, as it produces two valuable products: biogas for energy and digestate for fertilizer.

scholarly journals WOOD-DERIVED BIOCHAR INFLUENCES NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY OF HEAVY METALS IN SPINACH (SPINACIA OLERACEA) UNDER GROUNDWATER AND WASTEWATER IRRIGATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Aslam Ghori ◽  
Shamim Gul ◽  
Saniya Tahir ◽  
Meenah Sohail ◽  
Saira Batool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Irrigation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Groundwater Irrigation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Biochar Amendment

Present study analysed the influence of slow-pyrolyzed wood-derived biochar on growth performance and heavy metal accumulation in the leaves of spinach grown under groundwater and wastewater irrigation. Biochar was applied in soil as 5% (~30 t·ha−1) and 10% (~60 t·ha−1) amendment. According to results, plant biomass was significantly higher under wastewater than groundwater irrigation. Biochar amendment increased significantly the aboveground plant biomass and root biomass and promoted water use efficiency (WUE). Under groundwater irrigation, biochar amendment at 10% application rate, increased the leaf area index (P < 0.05), while amendment of biochar at all application rates significantly reduced leaf area index under wastewater irrigation (P < 0.05). Application of biochar also reduced accumulation of rhizosphere soil around roots under wastewater irrigation, indicating less exudate production in the rhizosphere of plants. Biochar significantly reduced the concentration of copper (Cu) in under wastewater irrigation. Biochar increased the nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of plants for zinc (Zn) and Cu under wastewater irrigation.

scholarly journals Effect of Substrate Flow Rate on Nutrient Uptake and Use Efficiency in Hydroponically Grown Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. cicla ‘Seiyou Shirokuki’)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2050
Author(s):  
Bateer Baiyin ◽  
Kotaro Tagawa ◽  
Mina Yamada ◽  
Xinyan Wang ◽  
Satoshi Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Swiss Chard ◽  
Use Efficiency

Unlike in soil culture, a substrate (nutrient solution) in a hydroponics system can flow, and this can affect both nutrient uptake and plant growth. In this study, we hydroponically cultivated Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. cicla) under different flow rates to analyze changes in the growth, nutrient uptake, and nutrient use efficiency. When the flow rate was intensified from 2 to 4 L/min, leaf area, the fresh weight, dry weight, and root length increased. However, when the flow rate was increased from 4 to 8 L/min, values of these growth parameters decreased. The nutrient uptake had a similar trend relative to the growth parameters and nutrient use efficiency of macronutrient elements, increased as the flow rate increased. This indicates that the flow rate affects plant growth by influencing the nutrient uptake, and an increase in the flow rate can aid in improving nutrient use efficiency. In hydroponics, regulating the flow rate at a reasonable volume is recommended to increase yield by enhancing nutrient use efficiency, but too intensive a flow rate may cause excessive physical stimulation to plants and inhibit their growth. Therefore, it is important to choose an appropriate substrate flow rate for optimal hydroponics production.

scholarly journals Prospects for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crops Utilizing Phyto- and Bio-Stimulants

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Rai ◽  
Shashi Pandey Rai ◽  
Birinchi Kumar Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions

Environmental stressors such as salinity, drought, high temperature, high rainfall, etc. have already demonstrated the negative impacts on plant growth and development and thereby limiting productivity of the crops. Therefore, in the time to come, more sustainable efforts are required in agricultural practices to ensure food production and security under such adverse environmental conditions. A most promising and eco-friendly way to achieve this goal would be to apply biostimulants to address the environmental concerns. Non-microbial biostimulants such as humic substances (HA), protein hydrolysate, plant-based products and seaweed extracts (SWE), etc. and/or microbial inoculants comprising of plant growth-promoting microbes such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), fluorescent and non-fluorescent Pseudomonas, Trichoderma spp., Bacillus spp. etc. have tremendous potentiality to enhance plant growth, flowering, crop productivity, nutrient use efficiency (NUE) and translocation, as well as enhancing tolerance to a wide range of abiotic stresses by modifying physiological, biological and biochemical processes of the crop-plants. Similarly, application techniques and timing are also important to achieve the desired results. In this article we discussed the prospects of using seaweed, microbial, and plant-based biostimulants either individually or in combination for managing environmental stresses to achieve food security in a sustainable way. Particular attention was given to the modifications that take place in plant's physiology under adverse environmental conditions and how different biostimulants re-program the host's physiology to withstand such stresses. Additionally, we also discussed how application of biostimulants can overcome the issue of nutrient deficiency in agricultural lands and improve their use efficiency by crop plants.

The Influence of CO2 Enrichment on Growth, Nutrient Content and Biomass Allocation of Maranthes corymbosa

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
CA Berryman ◽  
D Eamus ◽  
GA Duff
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Density Fluctuations ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Use Efficiency

Seedlings of Maranthes corymbosa Blume, an evergreen tree of tropical Australia and Indonesia were grown for 32 weeks under conditions of ambient and elevated (700 μmol CO2 mol-1) CO2 in tropical northern Australia. Seedlings were exposed to ambient temperature, vapour pressure deficit and photon flux density fluctuations. Rates of germination and percentage germination were not affected by elevated CO2. Total plant biomass, height growth, total plant leaf area, numbers of leaves and branches and specific leaf weight were significantly increased by elevated CO2. Root:shoot ratio and foliar P, K, Mg, Mn and Ca levels were unaffected but foliar nitrogen levels were decreased by elevated CO2, Nutrient-use-efficiency was unaffected for phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, calcium and potassium but nitrogen-use-efficiency increased in response to elevated CO2.

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