scholarly journals Familiarity and Novelty in Aesthetic Preference: The Effects of the Properties of the Artwork and the Beholder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiwon Song ◽  
Yuna Kwak ◽  
Chai-Youn Kim
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Visual Complexity ◽  
Aesthetic Appreciation ◽  
Novelty Preference ◽  
Aesthetic Preference ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Images Of Paintings

Familiarity and novelty are fundamental yet competing factors influencing aesthetic preference. However, whether people prefer familiar paintings or novel paintings has not been clear. Using both behavioral and eye-tracking measures, the present study aimed to investigate whether the effect of familiarity-novelty on aesthetic preference is independent or dependent on artwork properties (painting content, visual complexity) and viewer characteristics (experience in art). Participants were presented with two images of paintings, one of which was repeatedly presented but was always paired with a new painting in a randomized lateral arrangement. They were asked to indicate which of the two images they preferred with the degree of their preference. Behavioral results demonstrated an interactive influence of painting content and complexity on familiarity-novelty preference, especially alongside the distinction between representational and abstract paintings. Also, the familiarity-novelty preference was modulated by the degree of art experience, for abstract paintings in particular. Gaze results showed the differential effects of painting content, complexity, and art experience echoing the behavioral results. Taken together, the convergent results derived from behavioral and eye-tracking measures imply that novelty is an important feature of aesthetic appreciation, but its influence is modulated by properties of both the artwork and the beholder.

Poetic Vividness and Aesthetic Preference: Individual Differences in Poetry Writing Styles

1998 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 428-430
Author(s):  
Mary Gende ◽  
Roy King
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Visual Complexity ◽  
Poetry Therapy ◽  
Aesthetic Preference ◽  
Poetry Writing ◽  
Style Of Writing

Preference for visual complexity is shown to be correlated with an imagistic and metaphoric style of writing poetry for individuals participating in a poetry therapy group.

The Contributions of Emotion and Reward to Aesthetic Judgment of Visual Art

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Oshin Vartanian
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Aesthetic Judgment ◽  
Aesthetic Preference ◽  
Aesthetic Experiences ◽  
Preference Ratings ◽  
Images Of Paintings

It has long been assumed that emotions play an important role in our interactions with artworks. Similarly, how rewarding we find an artwork could also be an important driver of our aesthetic preference for it. Vartanian and Goel (2004) tested this idea by presenting participants with images of paintings in the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner, recording brain activation as they viewed and rated them on aesthetic preference. Their results demonstrated that activation in brain regions that encode reward and emotions—including the caudate nucleus, cingulate sulcus, and the visual cortex—covaried with preference ratings assigned to the paintings. This study represented an early example of how brain imaging could be used to test theoretically derived predictions from empirical aesthetics. Indeed, data from that study and several others since have accumulated to demonstrate that emotions and rewards are a cornerstone of our aesthetic experiences in relation to artworks and other classes of stimuli.

Lateral Organization in Pictures and Aesthetic Preference: IV. Construction with Original vs Mirror-Image Elements

1976 ◽  
Vol 42 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1023-1027
Author(s):  
Paul Swartz ◽  
Shirley Swartz
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Aesthetic Preference ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Lateral Organization

Six pictures by Western artists were selected from a group of 10 reproduced as sets of transparent component overlays. For each work university students, 34 women and 16 men, were presented with one set of disassembled overlays, all either in original orientation or all laterally reversed. Their task was to select that assemblage of elements which created the best picture. Subjects' constructions confirmed that in each picture there is a constancy of structure that is independent of lateral organization. This fact coexists with whatever differential effects eliminating a component may achieve as a function of picture orientation. Pictures differ, it is suggested: (a) in the distribution of contributions which individual components make to the organization of the work and (b) in their resistance to fragmentation. Lateral elements in particular are expendable. Susceptibility to fragmentation is greater for mirror-image than original representations.

scholarly journals Rhythmic subvocalization: An eye-tracking study on silent poetry reading

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Beck ◽  
Lars Konieczny
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Silent Reading ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Poetry Reading ◽  
High Degree

The present study investigates effects of conventionally metered and rhymed poetry on eye-movements in silent reading. Readers saw MRRL poems (i.e., metrically regular, rhymed language) in two layouts. In poem layout, verse endings coincided with line breaks. In prose layout verse endings could be mid-line. We also added metrical and rhyme anomalies. We hypothesized that silently reading MRRL results in building up auditive expectations that are based on a rhythmic “audible gestalt” and propose that rhythmicity is generated through subvocalization. Our results revealed that readers were sensitive to rhythmic-gestalt-anomalies but showed differential effects in poem and prose layouts. Metrical anomalies in particular resulted in robust reading disruptions across a variety of eye-movement measures in the poem layout and caused re-reading of the local context. Rhyme anomalies elicited stronger effects in prose layout and resulted in systematic re-reading of pre-rhymes. The presence or absence of rhythmic-gestalt-anomalies, as well as the layout manipulation, also affected reading in general. Effects of syllable number indicated a high degree of subvocalization. The overall pattern of results suggests that eye-movements reflect, and are closely aligned with, the rhythmic subvocalization of MRRL. This study introduces a two-stage approach to the analysis of long MRRL stimuli and contributes to the discussion of how the processing of rhythm in music and speech may overlap.

THE DIAPAUSE AND RELATED PHENOMENA IN GILPINIA POLYTOMA (HARTIG): II. FACTORS INFLUENCING THE BREAKING OF DIAPAUSE

1941 ◽  
Vol 19d (10) ◽  
pp. 323-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Prebble
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Abnormal Weather ◽  
Threshold Of Development

Field and laboratory experiments have shown the importance of a period of "cold-rest" at a temperature below the threshold of development as a requirement for overcoming diapause in the spruce sawfly, especially in stock from a one-generation area. After cold-rest, maximal development results at a temperature of 74° to 75° F. or higher, and after contact with water. Temperatures in the field are lower and fail to promote so high development as may be obtained in the laboratory; however, temperature variations between 65° and 45° F. evidently have little influence on the degree of emergence from the diapause condition, though speed of development is directly affected. The benefit of contact with water is reduced or lost if contact occurs only while soil temperature remains below the threshold of development, and if the moisture taken up in the cocoon wall is lost by evaporation before it can be absorbed by the larva. The role of the cocoon in water exchanges, and differential effects of abnormal weather conditions upon intracocoon development in stocks in one-generation and two-generation areas, are described.

Stroke Encoding Processes of Chinese Character During Sentence Reading

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Mingjun Zhai ◽  
Hsuan-Chih Chen ◽  
Michael C. W. Yip
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Lexical Access ◽  
Chinese Character ◽  
Visual Complexity ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Simplified Chinese ◽  
Sentence Reading

Abstract. The present study was conducted to examine whether traditional and simplified Chinese readers (TCRs and SCRs) differed in stroke encoding in character processing by an eye-tracking experiment. We recruited 66 participants (32 TCRs and 34 SCRs) to read sentences comprising characters with different proportions and types of strokes removed in order to explore whether any visual complexity effect existed in their processing of simplified and traditional Chinese characters. The present study found a cross-script visual complexity effect and that SCRs were more influenced by visual complexity change in lexical access than were TCRs. In addition, the stroke-order effect appeared to be more salient for TCRs than for SCRs.

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