scholarly journals Comorbid Anxiety and Depression and Related Factors Among Pregnant and Postpartum Chinese Women During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Luo ◽  
Luyao Xue ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
Zhengkui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Comorbid Anxiety ◽  
Poor Family

Objective: To identify the prevalence of comorbid anxiety and depression (CAD) and analyze the relationship between CAD and sociodemographic and obstetric-related variables in pregnant and postpartum Chinese women during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: Participants were 2,237 pregnant and postpartum women (aged 19–47 years) who visited various medical institutions in China between February 28, 2020, and April 26, 2020. They were asked to complete an online survey assessing the anxiety and depression, obstetric characteristics, and sociodemographic variables. The women were grouped into the following categories in accordance with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9): (a) CAD, (b) “anxiety only,” (c) “depression only,” and (d) “no depression or anxiety.” After estimating the prevalence of CAD, “anxiety only,” and “depression only,” we carried out chi-squared tests and multiple logistic regression analysis to examine the related factors between these groups of pregnant and postpartum Chinese women.Results: Comorbid anxiety and depression, “anxiety only,” and “depression only,” occurred in 6.3, 5.8, and 3.9% of participants, respectively. The prevalence rates of CAD during the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy and the postpartum period were found to be 7.4, 6.5, 5.7, and 8.2%, respectively. The factors that differed among the groups were age (p < 0.05), marital status (p < 0.001), level of education (p < 0.05), family support (p < 0.001), and total live births (p < 0.001). “Poor family support” (odds ratio (OR): 1.90; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30–2.78; p = 0.0009) and “no birth” (OR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.32–2.75; p = 0.0006) remained significant factors for the CAD group, while “poor family support” (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.34–3.47; p = 0.0015) remained a significant factor for the “depression only” group when their results were compared to those of the “no depression or anxiety” group in the multiple logistic regression analysis.Conclusion: Pregnant and postpartum Chinese women with poor family support and primipara are at high risk for CAD during the COVID-19 pandemic. These results support the need for targeted perinatal programs to address CAD in pregnant and postpartum women during the pandemic period.

scholarly journals Analysis and Factors Associated with Measles in Larut, Matang and Selama Districts, Perak, Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
Asraf Ahmad Qamruddin ◽  
Reza Qamruddin ◽  
Ayu Malik
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Factors Associated

Objectives: To determine the incidence rate of measles and the factors associated with confirmed measles cases in Larut, Matang and Selama districts. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was carried out looking at all suspected and laboratoryconfirmed measles cases in Larut, Matang and Selama districts between 2015 and 2019. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors for laboratory-confirmed measles cases. Results: The incidence rate for suspected measles showed an increasing trend from 2015–2019. For laboratory-confirmed measles cases, the incidence rate showed more variation with an increase to 36.11 per million population in 2017 from 5.67 per million population in 2015. The incidence rate later decreased to 10.99 per million population in 2018 and increased again to 24.47 per million population in 2019. From multiple logistic regression analysis, cases that fulfilled the case definition of measles were more likely to be laboratory-confirmed measles. On the other hand, a prior history of measles immunisation was a protective factor. Conclusion: Measles incidence is increasing in trend. Any suspected measles cases that fulfilled the clinical case definitions need to be further investigated. Immunisation should be promoted as they are effective in preventing and eliminating measles.

scholarly journals SAT-564 Effectiveness of Treatment with Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonistsin Primary Aldosteronism

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Tezuka ◽  
Adina Turcu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Mineralocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Low Renin Hypertension

Abstract Background: Medical treatment with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) is preferred for patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) who are not surgical candidates. Adequate mineralocorticoid receptor blockade, as suggested by renin elevation above suppression levels, has been associated with lower rates of cardiovascular and renal complications as compared with PA with sustained renin suppression. Objectives: To assess the timeline and rates of achieving target renin levels in patients with PA and low renin hypertension treated with MRAs. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients with hypertension who were treated with MRAs in an academic center between 2003-2019. Of these, we included patients who had suppressed renin at baseline, and repeated renin measurement(s) during MRAs therapy. Renin suppression was defined as plasma renin activity (PRA) 1.0 ng/mL/h or direct renin concentration (DRC) 8.0 pg/mL. We excluded patients with adrenal cancer, end-stage renal disease, exogenous glucocorticoids, and critically ill. Mann-Whitney test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, Chi-Square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were employed, as appropriate. Results: So far, 89 patients (45 men), median age 56 (range, 19-84), have been included. Of these, 46% had confirmed PA; 25% had positive PA screening, but no confirmatory tests; and 29% had other forms of low-renin hypertension. On average, patients were on 2.9 1.6 antihypertensive agents; 62% of patients were prescribed beta blockers, and 38% were on K+ supplements. Overall, renin (PRA in 69 cases, and DRC in 20 cases) increased after MRA treatment (from 0.40 [0.10, 0.60] ng/mL/h to 1.10 [0.60, 2.23] ng/mL/h; and from 2.1 [2.1, 3.7] pg/mL to 5.7 [2.9, 16.7] pg/mL, respectively, p<0.0001 for both). The cumulative proportions of patients in whom renin reached target levels during MRA treatment were: 25% at 2 weeks; 38.9% at 1 month; 34.2% at 3 months; 39.5% at 6 months; and 47.2% at 1 year. Age, sex, race, blood pressure, use of beta blockers, renal function, serum K+ and aldosterone concentrations were similar between patients with target vs. suppressed renin. Multiple logistic regression analysis suggested that after adjusting for age and sex, higher MRA dose and higher BMI were associated with higher likelihood of achieving target renin during MRA therapy (odds ratio (95%CI): 1.021 (1.001-1.041) and 1.097 (1.008-1.193), respectively, p<0.05 for both); conversely, beta blockers use tended to be less often associated with target renin (odds ratio, 0.37 (0.13-1.008), p=0.052). Conclusion: Although raising renin above suppression levels is important for reducing the cardiovascular risk associated with PA, this goal is achieved in less than half of patients, even after one year of treatment with MRAs, in an academic setting. Strategies for optimizing PA treatment are critically needed.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Metabolic Factors of Gallstone Disease in the Elderly Agricultural and Fishing Population of Taiwan

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsi-Che Shen ◽  
Yi-Chun Hu ◽  
Yu-Fen Chen ◽  
Tao-Hsin Tung
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Metabolic Factors ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Study Population

Purpose. To evaluate sex-related differences in the prevalence of and cardiovascular risk factors related to gallstone disease (GSD) in an elderly agricultural and fishing population of Taipei, Taiwan.Methods. The study sample consisted of 6511 healthy elderly participants (3971 men and 2540 women) who were voluntarily admitted to a teaching hospital for a physical checkup in 2010. The participants’ blood samples and real-time ultrasound fatty liver results were collected.Results. The prevalence of GSD in the study population was 13.2%, which increased significantly with population age (P<.0001). Women were associated with significantly higher GSD prevalence than men (14.8% versus 12.2%; for the chi-square test,P=.003). In a multiple logistic regression analysis, female sex, older age, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) were significantly associated with GSD. Multiple logistic regression analysis also revealed that obesity (odds ratioOR=1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09–1.44) and metabolic factors (one or 2 versus none,OR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.08–1.76) were significantly associated with GSD in women but not in men.Conclusion. In the study population, female sex, older age, and MetS were associated with higher GSD prevalence. The population exhibited other sex-related differences.

Impact of Oral Health Status on Perceived Dental Problems Among Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force Personnel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chikanobu Sonoda ◽  
Yutaka Sakurai ◽  
Manabu Okoda ◽  
Masato Ebisawa ◽  
Hiroshi Nakashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Military Mission ◽  
Stepwise Procedure

ABSTRACT Introduction Dental problems may have a great impact on military mission effectiveness, as such, evidence-based dental classification guidelines are required for minimizing the occurrence of dental problems. The aim of this study is to elucidate the independent contribution of each oral disease to the perception of dental problems among Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) personnel in order to make the dental classification guidelines more precise for the prediction of future dental problems. Materials and Methods Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force personnel who were examined during the annual dental checkup in 2013 answered questions about the experience of dental problems within the last 12 months in 2014. The associations between the items of a dental checkup and the perception of dental problems were examined using multiple logistic regression analysis with a stepwise procedure to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. Results The data of a total of 22,441 subjects were included in the analysis. Those who declared to have perceived dental problems within the last 12 months were 5,088 (22.7%). The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that personnel who had decayed teeth had a higher chance of experiencing dental problems than those who had no dental caries. Personnel whose periodontal disease was judged to be more severe in a dental examination had a greater OR for the perception of dental problems. Conclusion These results may become recommendations for operations in the JMSDF dental classification system.

scholarly journals Association of the Qualitative Clock Drawing Test with Progression to Dementia in Non-Demented Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2850
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Umegaki ◽  
Yusuke Suzuki ◽  
Yosuke Yamada ◽  
Hitoshi Komiya ◽  
Kazuhisa Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test

To evaluate the predictability of progression of cognitive impairment to dementia using qualitative clock drawing test (CDT) scores, we administered both the CDT using Cahn et al.’s qualitative scoring system and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to assess cognitive function in non-demented older individuals attending a memory clinic at a university hospital. Patients visiting the clinic for assessment of cognitive function between January 2015 and December 2019 were enrolled, and only those who were diagnosed as not having dementia at the time of initial assessment completed a follow-up assessment at 1 y (n = 163). To examine any association of qualitative CDT score with progression to dementia, multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted with the change in diagnosis from non-dementia to dementia at 1 y as the dependent variable. A total of 26 participants (16.0%) were diagnosed as having converted to dementia. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that both the qualitative CDT score using Cahn et al.’s scoring system and the existence of conceptual deficits were significantly associated with progression to dementia at 1 y after initial assessment of cognitive function, irrespective of the MMSE score, among non-demented older individuals. The CDT may be a useful predictor of progression to dementia in primary care settings.

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