scholarly journals Interpersonal Musical Synchronization and Prosocial Behavior in Children: No Effects in a Controlled Field Experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina Baier ◽  
Clemens Wöllner ◽  
Anna Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Verbal Interaction ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Asynchronous Control ◽  
Synchronization Effect ◽  
Motor Interaction ◽  
Musical Activities

Prosocial effects of music have recently attracted increased attention in research and media. An often-cited experiment, carried out by Kirschner and Tomasello in 2010 under laboratory conditions, found that children at the age of four years were more willing to help each other after they had engaged in synchronous musical activities. The aim of the current study was to replicate this research under controlled field conditions in the children's social environment, and to disentangle the musical synchronization effect by introducing a verbal interaction (singing together) and a motor interaction (tapping together) task, contrasted by an asynchronous control condition. In a between-participants design, no effects of musical synchronization nor the children's gender were found. Furthermore, age was not related to prosocial behavior. Explanations are systematically discussed, yet it remains possible that the original effect found in 2010 might be overestimated and less consistently reproducible as previously assumed.

scholarly journals Capacity of earwig Marava arachidis (Yersin) to access fennel plants Foeniculum vulgare Mill in laboratory and field

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1524-1528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Ira Abramson ◽  
Paulo Alves Wanderley ◽  
Alexandre José Soares Miná ◽  
Maria José Araújo Wanderley
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Potential Capacity ◽  
Males And Females

This research was aimed at obtaining data about earwig behavior (Marava arachidis Y.) on fennel agro-ecosystems and evaluating its potential capacity to access plants in the absence of aphids under laboratory and field conditions. This study establishes a baseline to evaluate earwigs as biological controls to combat aphids that attack fennel plants. Two experiments were developed. In experiment 1, earwigs were studied under laboratory conditions, in experiment 2 under field conditions. Independent variables were sex, exposure to the essential oil of fennel for 24 or 48 hours, and whether the fennel plant was vegetative or flowering. The results indicated that earwigs will climb a fennel plant in the absence of aphids and that few statistical significant results were obtained among the independent variables examined. A difference between male and females was noted in the field experiment in animals receiving 48 h of exposure to the essential oil of fennel. The terminal height reached by males and females in the 48 h vegetative and flower condition also differed.

Exploring the Vis-NIR wavelength importance in SOC models under field and lab conditions in a long-term field experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Reyes ◽  
Mareike Ließ
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Preprocessing Technique ◽  
Term Field

<p>Soil organic carbon (SOC) is of particular interest in the study of agricultural systems as an indicator of soil quality and soil fertility. In the use of Vis-NIR spectroscopy for SOC detection, the interpretation of the spectral response with regards to the importance of individual wavelengths is challenging due to the soil’s composition of multiple organic and minerals compounds. Under field conditions, additional aspects affect the spectral data compared to lab conditions. This study compared the spectral wavelength importance in partial least square regression (PLSR) models for SOC between field and lab conditions. Surface soil samples were obtained from a long-term field experiment (LTE) with high SOC variability located in the state of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Data sets of Vis-NIR spectra were acquired in the lab and field using two spectrometers, respectively. Four different preprocessing methods were applied before building the models. Wavelength importance was observed using variable importance in projection. Differences in wavelength importance were observed depending on the measurement device, measurement condition, and preprocessing technique, although pattern matches were identifiable, especially in the NIR range. It is these pattern matches that aid model interpretation to effectively determine SOC under field conditions.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of flooding on growth and yield of mungbean genotypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Amin ◽  
MA Karim ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
S Aktar ◽  
MA Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Soil Flooding ◽  
Standing Water

The field experiment was carried out with some selected mungbean genotypes viz. IPSA-13, VC-6173A, BU mug 2, BARI Mung-5 and IPSA-12 to observe the effect of 4-days flooding on their growth and yield of mungbean under field conditions at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh during September to November, 2011 maintaining 3-5 cm standing water at 24 days after emergence. Days to flowering and maturity delayed in flooded plants over control depending on the genotypes. Flooding significantly reduced Total Day Matters (TDM), number of pods per plant, seed size and seed yield of the mungbean genotypes over control. Considering higher seed yield, larger seed size and less yield reduction relative to control VC-6173A, BU mug 2 and IPSA-13 were found tolerant to soil flooding condition.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(1): 151-162, March 2016

scholarly journals Analysis of Working Qualitative Parameters for No-Till Machines

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovidiu RANTA ◽  
Ioan DROCAS ◽  
Sorin STANILA ◽  
Adrian MOLNAR ◽  
Mircea Valentin MUNTEAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Experimental Teaching ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soil Bin ◽  
Teaching Facility

Autors was designed a system to modify the SPC romanian seeding machine for in order that it can be used for no-till technology. This machine was manufactured with the help of S.C. MECANICA M.A.R.I..U.S. S.A. in Cluj- Napoca and it was used in laboratory conditions in a state of the art soil bin of Hohenheim University, Stuttgart and in laboratory-field conditions. The field experiments were located on a plot of Experimental Teaching Facility of USAMV Cluj-Napoca, on aluviosol molic soil after SRTS – 200, in location Lunca Someşului Mic (Podişul Someşan) .

scholarly journals Efficacy of Fungicides Against Grain Discoloration Disease of Rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 073-076
Author(s):  
V. A. Patil ◽  
◽  
P. B. Patel ◽  
P. D. Ghoghari ◽  
N. K. Kavad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Fungal Disease ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Cereal Crop

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the important cereal crop grown extensively in Gujarat. It suffers from grain discoloration fungal disease causing heavy losses at maturity stage of rice. A field experiment was laid out with the single and new combinations fungicides against rice grain discoloration disease under field conditions during kharif-2013-14, 2014-15 and 2015-16. Six fungicides at various concentrations were screened against rice grain discoloration disease. The trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% (0.03 %) @ 0.4 g l-1 and propiconazole 25 EC (0.025 %) @ 1.0 ml l-1 was found effective against rice grain discoloration and recorded significantly higher healthy grains.

scholarly journals Using Deep Learning for Image-Based Different Degrees of Ginkgo Leaf Disease Classification

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaizhou Li ◽  
Jianhui Lin ◽  
Jinrong Liu ◽  
Yandong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Disease Classification ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Leaf Disease ◽  
And Training ◽  
Ginkgo Leaf

Diseases from Ginkgo biloba have brought great losses to medicine and the economy. Therefore, if the degree of disease can be automatically identified in Ginkgo biloba leaves, people will take appropriate measures to avoid losses in advance. Deep learning has made great achievements in plant disease identification and classification. For this paper, the convolution neural network model was used to classify the different degrees of ginkgo leaf disease. This study used the VGGNet-16 and Inception V3 models. After preprocessing and training 1322 original images under laboratory conditions and 2408 original images under field conditions, 98.44% accuracy was achieved under laboratory conditions and 92.19% under field conditions with the VGG model. The Inception V3 model achieved 92.3% accuracy under laboratory conditions and 93.2% under field conditions. Thus, the Inception V3 model structure was more suitable for field conditions. To our knowledge, there is very little research on the classification of different degrees of the same plant disease. The success of this study will have a significant impact on the prediction and early prevention of ginkgo leaf blight.

scholarly journals Announcements of Support and Public Good Provision

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (12) ◽  
pp. 3760-3787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judd B. Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Public Good Provision ◽  
Scale Field ◽  
Large Scale Field ◽  
Good Provision

Providing information about contributions to public goods is known to generate further contributions. However, it is often impossible to provide verifiable information on contributions. Through a large-scale field experiment and a series of laboratory experiments, I show that nonbinding announcements of support for a public good encourage others to contribute, even when actual contributions might not or cannot be made. Providing a way to easily announce support for a charity increases donations by $865 per workplace fundraising campaign (or 16 percent of average giving). I discuss implications for understanding prosocial behavior and for organizations aiming to increase contributions to public goods. (JEL C93, D64, D83, H41, L31)

scholarly journals Study of the efficacy of a Wheaton coated bottle with permethrin and deltamethrin in laboratory conditions and a WHO impregnated paper with bendiocarb in field conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 492-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazaire Aïzoun ◽  
Roseric Azondekon ◽  
Rock Aïkpon ◽  
Virgile Gnanguenon ◽  
Razaki Osse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF COMMERCIAL INSECTICIDES AGAINST FRUIT AND SHOOT BORER, LEUCINODES ORBONALIS GUENEE OF BRINJAL, SOLANUM MELONGENA L. IN DHADING, NEPAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Sushma Paneru ◽  
Santosh Bharati ◽  
Sramika Rijal ◽  
Rajendra Regmi ◽  
Shailesh Pandit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Shoot Borer ◽  
Leucinodes Orbonalis ◽  
Damage Reduction ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Shoot Damage

A study was conducted from January to June 2019 in Dhading district to identify the effective commercial insecticide against fruit and shoot borer of brinjal (Leucinodes orbonalis). A field experiment was conducted in Randomized Completely Block Design with five treatments (T1: Spinosad @ 1 ml/ 3 liters, T2: Chlorantraniliprole 1 ml/ 3 liters, T3: Cypermethrin 3 ml/ 1 liter, T4: Neem 3 ml/ 1 liter and T5: Control) and four replications. Result indicated that the fruit infestation percent and shoot damage reduction percent, fruit infestation reduction percent were highly significant with the application of insecticides. The shoot damage percent and fruit damage percent was the lowest with spinosad followed by chlorantraniliprole, cypermethrin and Neem. Thus, spinosad is the most effective insecticides for the management of fruit and shoot borer of brinjal in field conditions.

scholarly journals Phytopathogens Causing Wilt in Pepper – Distribution, Symptoms and Identification

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 549
Author(s):  
Petar Chavdarov ◽  
Liliya Krasteva ◽  
Nikolaya Velcheva ◽  
Stefan Neykov
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

In 2012 the evaluation on the development and spread of phytopathogens, causing wilt in pepper was conducted. The observations were carried out under field conditions and natural infectious background in the Plovdiv region. In laboratory conditions were isolated and identified four phytopathogenic fungi of the genus Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Verticillium and Phytophthora. The results of the analysis showed that the highest percentage of pepper wilt was caused by the fungus - Rhizoctonia solani.

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