An fMRI Study Using a Combined Task of Interval Discrimination and Oddball Could Reveal Common Brain Circuits of Cognitive Change

Recent functional neuroimaging studies suggest that the brain networks responsible for time processing are involved during other cognitive processes, leading to a hypothesis that time-related processing is needed to perform a range of tasks across various cognitive functions. To examine this hypothesis, we analyze whether, in healthy subjects, the brain structures activated or deactivated during performance of timing and oddball-detection type tasks coincide. To this end, we conducted two independent signed differential mapping (SDM) meta-analyses of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies assessing the cerebral generators of the responses elicited by tasks based on timing and oddball-detection paradigms. Finally, we undertook a multimodal meta-analysis to detect brain regions common to the findings of the two previous meta-analyses. We found that healthy subjects showed significant activation in cortical areas related to timing and salience networks. The patterns of activation and deactivation corresponding to each task type partially coincided. We hypothesize that there exists a time and change-detection network that serves as a common underlying resource used in a broad range of cognitive processes.

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A Meta-analysis of Functional Neuroimaging Studies of Self- and Other Judgments Reveals a Spatial Gradient for Mentalizing in Medial Prefrontal Cortex

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn_a_00233 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 1742-1752 ◽

Cited By ~ 411

Author(s):

Bryan T. Denny ◽

Hedy Kober ◽

Tor D. Wager ◽

Kevin N. Ochsner

Keyword(s):

Functional Organization ◽

Functional Neuroimaging ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Brain Regions ◽

The Self ◽

Spatial Gradient ◽

Self And Other ◽

Neuroimaging Data ◽

Medial Pfc ◽

Meta Analyses

The distinction between processes used to perceive and understand the self and others has received considerable attention in psychology and neuroscience. Brain findings highlight a role for various regions, in particular the medial PFC (mPFC), in supporting judgments about both the self and others. We performed a meta-analysis of 107 neuroimaging studies of self- and other-related judgments using multilevel kernel density analysis [Kober, H., & Wager, T. D. Meta-analyses of neuroimaging data. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews, 1, 293–300, 2010]. We sought to determine what brain regions are reliably involved in each judgment type and, in particular, what the spatial and functional organization of mPFC is with respect to them. Relative to nonmentalizing judgments, both self- and other judgments were associated with activity in mPFC, ranging from ventral to dorsal extents, as well as common activation of the left TPJ and posterior cingulate. A direct comparison between self- and other judgments revealed that ventral mPFC as well as left ventrolateral PFC and left insula were more frequently activated by self-related judgments, whereas dorsal mPFC, in addition to bilateral TPJ and cuneus, was more frequently activated by other-related judgments. Logistic regression analyses revealed that ventral and dorsal mPFC lay at opposite ends of a functional gradient: The z coordinates reported in individual studies predicted whether the study involved self- or other-related judgments, which were associated with increasingly ventral or dorsal portions of mPFC, respectively. These results argue for a distributed rather than localizationist account of mPFC organization and support an emerging view on the functional heterogeneity of mPFC.

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The Neural Basis of Motivational Influences on Cognitive Control

10.1101/113126 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Cameron Parro ◽

Matthew L Dixon ◽

Kalina Christoff

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Control ◽

Large Scale ◽

Functional Neuroimaging ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Premotor Cortex ◽

Likelihood Estimation ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Control Mechanisms ◽

Neural Basis ◽

The Brain

AbstractCognitive control mechanisms support the deliberate regulation of thought and behavior based on current goals. Recent work suggests that motivational incentives improve cognitive control, and has begun to elucidate the brain regions that may support this effect. Here, we conducted a quantitative meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies of motivated cognitive control using activation likelihood estimation (ALE) and Neurosynth in order to delineate the brain regions that are consistently activated across studies. The analysis included functional neuroimaging studies that investigated changes in brain activation during cognitive control tasks when reward incentives were present versus absent. The ALE analysis revealed consistent recruitment in regions associated with the frontoparietal control network including the inferior frontal sulcus (IFS) and intraparietal sulcus (IPS), as well as consistent recruitment in regions associated with the salience network including the anterior insula and anterior mid-cingulate cortex (aMCC). A large-scale exploratory meta-analysis using Neurosynth replicated the ALE results, and also identified the caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, medial thalamus, inferior frontal junction/premotor cortex (IFJ/PMC), and hippocampus. Finally, we conducted separate ALE analyses to compare recruitment during cue and target periods, which tap into proactive engagement of rule-outcome associations, and the mobilization of appropriate viscero-motor states to execute a response, respectively. We found that largely distinct sets of brain regions are recruited during cue and target periods. Altogether, these findings suggest that flexible interactions between frontoparietal, salience, and dopaminergic midbrain-striatal networks may allow control demands to be precisely tailored based on expected value.

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Common and separable neural alterations in substance use disorders: evidence from coordinate-based meta-analyses of functional neuroimaging studies in human

10.1101/2020.02.19.956755 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Benjamin Klugah-Brown ◽

Xin Di ◽

Jana Zweerings ◽

Klaus Mathiak ◽

Benjamin Becker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Cognitive Processes ◽

Functional Neuroimaging ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Specific Treatment ◽

Behavioral Alterations ◽

Meta Analyses

AbstractDelineating common and separable neural alterations in substance use disorders (SUD) is imperative to understand the neurobiological basis of the addictive process and to inform substance-specific treatment strategies. Given numerous functional MRI (fMRI) studies in different SUDs, meta-analysis could provide an opportunity to determine robust shared and substance-specific alterations. The present study employed a coordinate-based meta-analysis covering fMRI studies in individuals with addictive cocaine, cannabis, alcohol, and nicotine use. The primary meta-analysis demonstrated common alterations in primary dorsal striatal, and frontal circuits engaged in reward/salience processing, habit formation, and executive control across different substances and task-paradigms. Subsequent sub-analyses revealed substance-specific alterations in frontal and limbic regions, with marked frontal and insula-thalamic alterations in alcohol and nicotine use disorders respectively. Finally, examining task-specific alterations across substances revealed pronounced frontal alterations during cognitive processes yet stronger striatal alterations during reward-related processes. Together the findings emphasize the role of dysregulations in striato-frontal circuits and dissociable contributions of these systems in the domains of reward-related and cognitive processes which may contribute to substance-specific behavioral alterations.

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M64. ADDRESSING THE ROLE OF TIMING ON COGNITION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA

Schizophrenia Bulletin ◽

10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.376 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S159-S159

Author(s):

Irene Alústiza ◽

María Sol Garcés ◽

Javier Goena ◽

Anton Albajes-Eizagirre ◽

Felipe Ortuño

Keyword(s):

Mismatch Negativity ◽

Supplementary Motor Area ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Oddball Paradigm ◽

Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Supramarginal Gyrus ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

The Brain

Abstract Background Schizophrenia (SZ) patients show activity deficits in brain regions that are conventionally associated with time perception. The dysfunction observed during timing tasks partially coincides with that evidenced during change-detection ones (both of attentional processing during odball paradigm and of preattentional processing in the mismatch negativity response). The implication is that timing dysfunction might underlie aberrant Salience Network (SN) and therefore cognitive impairment observed in SZ. In order to support this idea, we would like to examine it in HC. We hypothesize that neuroanatomical bases of time and salience processing are highly shared and interrelated not only in SZ but also in HC. The principal objective of this study was to elucidate whether there are any brain regions that show overlapped response during timing and oddball tasks in HC. Methods We conducted three independent comprehensive literature searches of whole-brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in HC using timing and oddball tasks. The searches were applied to the PubMed search engine up to October 2019. Keywords used in the first search were: ((“Temporal processing” OR “temporal discrimination” OR “time perception” OR “temporal estimation” OR “time estimation” OR “internal clock” OR “interval timing” OR “timing”) AND (“functional magnetic resonance imaging” OR “fMRI”) AND (“healthy volunteers” OR “healthy comparison” OR “healthy adult participants” OR “healthy comparison subjects” OR “healthy control subjects” OR “healthy subjects” OR “healthy individuals” OR “healthy participants” OR “healthy controls” OR “healthy” OR “controls” OR “control subjects”)). Keywords used in the second search were: ((“oddball”) AND (“event-related”)) together with the terms mentioned above referring to HC and fMRI. Last search used the same keywords but combined with (“mismatch negativity” OR “MMN”). We excluded studies that 1) used a region-of-interest approach; 2) did not report peak coordinates; 3) used different statistical thresholds in different regions of the brain; 4) used techniques other than fMRI; 5) were case reports, qualitative studies, reviews or meta-analyses. We ran three signed differential mapping (SDM) meta-analyses of fMRI studies assessing the brain response to timing and oddball paradigm in HC. Then, we carried out a multimodal meta-analysis to combine the findings from the three previous SDM meta-analyses. Results Our initial search returned several papers, but application of inclusion criteria reduced this number to 17. Among them, 8 studied timing (which included a total of 129 HC), 8 examined attentional oddball paradigm (which included a total of 125 HC) and 3 MMN (which included a total of 52 HC). Meta -analysis results of timing studies HC showed significantly activation in left supplementary motor area (BA 8), left middle frontal gyrus (BA 10), right inferior frontal gyrus (BA 45), right supramarginal gyrus (BA 40), corpus callosum, left inferior network, left striatum, right superior longitudinal fasciculus and left cerebellum. Meta-analysis results of attentional oddball paradigm studies HC showed significantly activation in right supplementary motor area (BA 32), left postcentral gyrus (BA2), right rolandic operculum (BA 48), right supramarginal gyrus (BA 40) and left insula (BA 48). Meta-analysis results of preattentional oddball paradigm studies HC showed significantly activation in corpus callosum. Discussion The current study supports the hypothesis that there exists an overlap between neural structures engaged by both timing and oddball tasks in HC. Since timing might be a primary cognitive function, its better understanding could help to improve the approach of treatment in SZ.

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Delineating visual, auditory and motor regions in the human brain with functional neuroimaging: a BrainMap-based meta-analytic synthesis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-88773-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Marisa K. Heckner ◽

Edna C. Cieslik ◽

Vincent Küppers ◽

Peter T. Fox ◽

Simon B. Eickhoff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Functional Neuroimaging ◽

Motor Task ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Affective Processing ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽

Motor Processes ◽

Brain Correlates ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

The Brain

AbstractMost everyday behaviors and laboratory tasks rely on visual, auditory and/or motor-related processes. Yet, to date, there has been no large-scale quantitative synthesis of functional neuroimaging studies mapping the brain regions consistently recruited during such perceptuo-motor processing. We therefore performed three coordinate-based meta-analyses, sampling the results of neuroimaging experiments on visual (n = 114), auditory (n = 122), or motor-related (n = 251) processing, respectively, from the BrainMap database. Our analyses yielded both regions known to be recruited for basic perceptual or motor processes and additional regions in posterior frontal cortex. Comparing our results with data-driven network definitions based on resting-state functional connectivity revealed good overlap in expected regions but also showed that perceptual and motor task-related activations consistently involve additional frontal, cerebellar, and subcortical areas associated with “higher-order” cognitive functions, extending beyond what is captured when the brain is at “rest.” Our resulting sets of domain-typical brain regions can be used by the neuroimaging community as robust functional definitions or masks of regions of interest when investigating brain correlates of perceptual or motor processes and their interplay with other mental functions such as cognitive control or affective processing. The maps are made publicly available via the ANIMA database.

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Establishing a Role of the Semantic Control Network in Social Cognitive Processing: A Meta-analysis of Functional Neuroimaging Studies

10.1101/2021.04.01.437961 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Richard J Binney ◽

Veronica Diveica ◽

Kami Koldewyn

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Processing ◽

Social Cognitive ◽

Functional Neuroimaging ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽

Neural Activation ◽

Control Mechanisms ◽

Meta Analyses

Most leading models of socio-cognitive processing devote little discussion to the nature and neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive control mechanisms. Recently, it has been proposed that the regulation of social behaviours could rely on brain regions specialised in the controlled retrieval of semantic information, namely the anterior inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and posterior middle temporal gyrus. Accordingly, we set out to investigate whether the neural activation commonly found in social functional neuroimaging studies extends to these semantic control regions. We conducted five coordinate-based meta-analyses to combine results of over 500 fMRI/PET experiments and identified the brain regions consistently involved in semantic control, as well as four social abilities: theory of mind, trait inference, empathy and moral reasoning. This allowed an unprecedented parallel review of the neural networks associated with each of these cognitive domains. The results confirmed that the anterior left IFG region involved in semantic control is reliably engaged in all four social domains. This suggests that social cognition could be partly regulated by the neurocognitive system underpinning semantic control.

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Functional Neuroimaging in Empirical Aesthetics and Neuroaesthetics

The Oxford Handbook of Empirical Aesthetics ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198824350.013.14 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Tomohiro Ishizu

Keyword(s):

Functional Neuroimaging ◽

Brain Structures ◽

Neural Correlates ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Contextual Effect ◽

Art Appreciation ◽

Aesthetic Experiences ◽

Cultural Aspects ◽

The Past ◽

The Brain

Functional neuroimaging refers to methods used to non-invasively visualize neural activity in the brain in relation to specific experimental variables. Over the past 15 years, functional neuroimaging has begun to provide novel findings on the neurobiology of our aesthetic activities and art appreciation. This chapter provides a review of functional neuroimaging studies, especially using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG), on a range of aesthetic experiences and evaluations and their neural correlates. It describes an overview of a number of core brain structures and networks engaged in aesthetic activities, together with general functions of each of the brain regions. It then discusses recent advancements in neuroaesthetics including an investigation into cross-cultural aspects, abstraction of beauty, a contextual effect on aesthetic evaluations, and new analysis techniques.

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Brain Networks Involved in Early versus Late Response Anticipation and Their Relation to Conflict Processing

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn.2008.21165 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 2172-2184 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Henry Lütcke ◽

Holger Gevensleben ◽

Björn Albrecht ◽

Jens Frahm

Keyword(s):

Functional Neuroimaging ◽

Brain Structures ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Response Conflict ◽

Late Response ◽

Brain Responses ◽

Electrophysiological Studies ◽

First Time ◽

Increased Activity ◽

The Brain

Previous electrophysiological studies have clearly identified separable neural events underlying early and late components of response anticipation. Functional neuroimaging studies, however, have so far failed to account for this separation. Here, we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of an anticipation paradigm in 12 healthy adult subjects that reliably produced early and late expectancy waves in the electroencephalogram. We furthermore compared fMRI activations elicited during early and late anticipation to those associated with response conflict. Our results demonstrate the existence of distinct cortical and subcortical brain regions underlying early and late anticipation. Although late anticipatory behavior was associated with activations in dorsal ACC, frontal cortex, and thalamus, brain responses linked to the early expectancy wave were localized mainly in motor and premotor cortical areas as well as the caudate nucleus. Additionally, late anticipation was associated with increased activity in midbrain dopaminergic nuclei, very likely corresponding to the substantia nigra. Furthermore, whereas regions involved in late anticipation proved to be very similar to activations elicited by response conflict, this was not the case for early anticipation. The current study supports a distinction between early and late anticipatory processes, in line with a plethora of neurophysiological work, and for the first time describes the brain structures differentially involved in these processes.

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Meta-analysis of the neural representation of first language and second language

Applied Psycholinguistics ◽

10.1017/s0142716411000075 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 799-819 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

RAJANI SEBASTIAN ◽

ANGELA R. LAIRD ◽

SWATHI KIRAN

Keyword(s):

Second Language ◽

Language Proficiency ◽

Language Processing ◽

Functional Neuroimaging ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

First Language ◽

Likelihood Estimation ◽

Neural Representation ◽

Second Language Processing ◽

Meta Analyses

ABSTRACTThis study reports an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of published functional neuroimaging studies of bilingualism. Four parallel meta-analyses were conducted by taking into account the proficiency of participants reported in the studies. The results of the meta-analyses suggest differences in the probabilities of activation patterns between high proficiency and moderate/low proficiency bilinguals. The Talairach coordinates of activation in first language processing were very similar to that of second language processing in the high proficient bilinguals. However, in the low proficient group, the activation clusters were generally smaller and distributed over wider areas in both the hemispheres than the clusters identified in the ALE maps from the high proficient group. These findings draw attention to the importance of language proficiency in bilingual neural representation.

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Intranasal administration of mitochondria improves spatial memory in olfactory bulbectomized mice

Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1177/15353702211056866 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 153537022110568

Author(s):

Natalia V Bobkova ◽

Daria Y Zhdanova ◽

Natalia V Belosludtseva ◽

Nikita V Penkov ◽

Galina D Mironova

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Spatial Memory ◽

Intranasal Administration ◽

Brain Structures ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Behavioral Experiments ◽

Hippocampal Cell Culture ◽

The Brain

Here, we found that functionally active mitochondria isolated from the brain of NMRI donor mice and administrated intranasally to recipient mice penetrated the brain structures in a dose-dependent manner. The injected mitochondria labeled with the MitoTracker Red localized in different brain regions, including the neocortex and hippocampus, which are responsible for memory and affected by degeneration in patients with Alzheimer's disease. In behavioral experiments, intranasal microinjections of brain mitochondria of native NMRI mice improved spatial memory in the olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) mice with Alzheimer’s type degeneration. Control OBX mice demonstrated loss of spatial memory tested in the Morris water maze. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed that allogeneic mitochondria colocalized with the markers of astrocytes and neurons in hippocampal cell culture. The results suggest that a non-invasive route intranasal administration of mitochondria may be a promising approach to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases characterized, like Alzheimer's disease, by mitochondrial dysfunction.

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