scholarly journals Multiple Substance Use Disorders and Self-Reported Cognitive Function in U.S. Adults: Associations and Sex-Differences in a Nationally Representative Sample

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Bourgault ◽  
Dafna Sara Rubin-Kahana ◽  
Ahmed Nabeel Hassan ◽  
Marcos Sanches ◽  
Bernard Le Foll
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Epidemiologic Survey ◽  
Polysubstance Use ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data

Polysubstance use is a growing public health concern that has been associated with poor clinical outcomes. Compared to single-drug users, this population suffers greater deficits in cognitive function, which hinder treatment success and recovery. Despite its high prevalence and poor prognosis, epidemiological research on polysubstance use and accompanying cognitive profile is lacking. We investigated associations between numbers of past-year co-occurring substance use disorders (SUDs) and self-reported cognitive function using data from the National Epidemiologic Survey for Alcohol and Related Conditions III (NESARC-III). Regression analyses revealed a significant negative association between cognitive scores and numbers of past-year SUDs, which was moderated by sex. After adjusting for confounding variables, greater numbers of SUDs were associated with declining self-reported cognitive function, and this relationship was stronger among females. Our findings expand on current literature on cognitive impairments among polysubstance users and provide a novel, nuanced description of this relationship among the general population. We highlight the need for targeted and individualized treatment approaches in order to improve outcomes in this population.

Cigarette smoking among those with mental disorders in the US population: 2012–2013 update

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip H Smith ◽  
Mohammad Chhipa ◽  
Josef Bystrik ◽  
Jordan Roy ◽  
Renee D Goodwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Epidemiologic Survey ◽  
Current Cigarette ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nationally Representative

BackgroundRecent nationally representative estimates from the USA suggest the prevalence of cigarette smoking continues to be much higher among those with mental disorders compared with those without; however, prevalence estimates for current cigarette use by specific diagnoses are outdated.MethodsWe analysed data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions III (2012–2013). We estimated the prevalence of lifetime and past-year smoking, lifetime and past-year daily smoking, and lifetime smoking cessation among ever smokers (ie, the quit ratio) among those with common mood, anxiety and substance use disorders in comparison to those without these disorders.ResultsAcross disorders, smoking prevalence was higher and the quit ratio was lower among those with common mental disorders compared with those without, with twofold to sixfold relativedifferences in the odds of the magnitude.ConclusionsDespite tobacco control advances since 2000 and resulting declines in smoking prevalence, smoking remains extraordinarily more common among those with mood, anxiety and substance use disorders, with highest rates among those with bipolar and substance use disorders.

scholarly journals The impact of poly-traumatization on treatment outcomes in young people with substance use disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidsel Karsberg ◽  
Morten Hesse ◽  
Michael Mulbjerg Pedersen ◽  
Ruby Charak ◽  
Mads Uffe Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Treatment Entry ◽  
Trauma Types ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drug Use Disorder

Abstract Background It is believed that clients with psychological trauma experiences have a poor prognosis with regard to treatment participation and outcomes for substance use disorders. However, knowledge on the effect of the number of trauma experiences is scarce. Methods Using data from drug use disorder (DUD) treatment in Denmark, we assessed the impact of having experienced multiple potentially traumatic experiences on DUD treatment efficacy. Baseline and follow-up data from 775 young participants (mean age = 20.2 years, standard deviation = 2.6) recruited at nine treatment centers were included in analyses. Results Analyses showed that participants who were exposed multiple trauma experiences also reported a significantly higher intake of cannabis at treatment entry, and a lower well-being score than participants who reported less types or no types of victimization experiences. During treatment, patients with multiple types of trauma experiences showed a slower rate of reduction of cannabis than patients with few or no trauma experiences. The number of trauma types was not associated with number of sessions attended or the development of well-being in treatment. Conclusion Overall, the results show that although traumatized youth in DUD treatment show up for treatment, helping them to reduce substance use during treatment is uniquely challenging. Trial registration ISRCTN88025085, date of registration: 29.08.2016, retrospectively registered.

Clinical Management of Drug Use Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Thompson ◽  
Timothy Ando ◽  
James Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Synthetic Cannabinoids ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Drug Use Disorders ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
Significant Public Health

Despite mammoth efforts toward the treatment and prevention of substance use disorders in the United States over the past 30 years, they remain a significant public health concern and an all-too-common comorbidity among people with other forms of mental illness. Continued research into genetics, pharmacotherapies, psychotherapies, and epidemiology for substance use disorders results in huge amounts of new information for clinicians to assimilate each year. This review summarizes current diagnostic and categorical standards in substance use disorders, epidemiology, genetic and physiologic factors in addiction for each class, clinically relevant laboratory testing, evidence-based treatments, and prognostic considerations in substance use disorders. Specifically, sections cover cannabinoids, hallucinogens, opioids, sedatives, and stimulants. Key words: benzodiazepines, cannabis, drug dependence, hallucinogens, MDMA, substance abuse, substance dependence, synthetic cannabinoids 

Screening, Assessment, and Diagnosis of Substance Use Disorders among Emerging Adults

2017 ◽  
pp. 38-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas C. Smith ◽  
Kyle M. Bennett ◽  
Michael L. Dennis ◽  
Rodney Funk
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Specific Research ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Administration Time ◽  
Symptom Patterns ◽  
Using Data

Several challenges may hinder accurate screening for and assessment of substance use disorders among emerging adults ages 18–29. This chapter discusses emerging adult–specific research on diagnosing substance use disorders and several empirically supported screeners and assessments that may be useful to those working with emerging adults. First, emerging adult–specific research supporting changes to the most recent version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, the DSM-5, is reviewed, and nuances in using the DSM-5 with emerging adults are discussed. The chapter highlights idiosyncrasies in emerging adult symptom patterns using data from large national surveys. Finally, a practice-friendly review of screening and assessment instruments commonly used with emerging adults is provided. For screening instruments, administration time, the instrument’s ability to discern which emerging adults exhibit substance use problems, and emerging adult–specific cutoff points in the literature are addressed. For assessment tools, comprehensiveness of the instrument, administration time, and contexts in which the instrument has been used with emerging adults are discussed.

Substance Use Disorders in Later Life: A Review and Synthesis of the Literature of an Emerging Public Health Concern

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Yarnell ◽  
Luming Li ◽  
Brian MacGrory ◽  
Louis Trevisan ◽  
Paul Kirwin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern

Comparative study of psychiatric comorbidity differences in patients with ADHD and cocaine substance use disorders and patients ADHD and cannabis use disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S477-S477
Author(s):  
N. Martínez-Luna ◽  
L. Rodriguez-Cintas ◽  
C. Daigre ◽  
L. Grau-Lopez ◽  
R.F. Palma-Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cocaine Users ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Competing Interest

Substance Use Disorders (SUD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) are frequent conditions in out drug treatment centers. There are evidences about the high prevalence of ADHD in SUD patients (20%) compared with just ADHD in general population (1–7.3%). Both disorders and psychiatric comorbidity are important in the diagnosis proceeding. The objective of this study is search the difference in psychiatric comorbidity conditions between patients with ADHD and Cocaine SUD and ADHD and Cannabis SUD. ADHD was present in 158 patients of a total sample in which 46,8% used cocaine, 17.1% cannabis and 36.1% used both. Mood disorders were 26.8% in cocaine users, 21.7% in cannabis and 18.9% in both. Anxiety disorders were 20.3% in cocaine users, 37.5 in cannabis and 13% in both users. Primary psychotic disorders were 2.9% in cocaine users, none in cannabis and 11,1% in both drug users. Personality disorders by cluster were, Cluster A: 11.3% in cocaine group, 36% in cannabis group and 24.5 in cannabis and cocaine group. Cluster B: 33.8% in cocaine group, 44% in cannabis group and 51.9% in cannabis and cocaine group. Cluster C: 9.9% in cocaine group, 28% in cannabis group and 19.2% in cannabis and cocaine group. There could be common pathways of neuronal damage related to psychiatric comorbidity depending of used drug, the differences in comorbidity found in this study could explain a little part of it. It is important to manage SUD-ADHD and other psychiatric comorbidity in order to improve the outcomes of these patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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