scholarly journals Consumer Preferences in Germany for Bio-Based Apparel With Low and Moderate Prices, and the Influence of Specific Factors in Distinguishing Between These Groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Felix Stahl ◽  
Agnes Emberger-Klein ◽  
Klaus Menrad
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
German Population ◽  
Pricing Strategies ◽  
Intention To Purchase ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Fossil Resource ◽  
Significant Factors

Bioplastics are a potential alternative to conventional plastics when it comes to reducing the use of the fossil resource of crude oil. There have been so far very few studies on the consumption of bio-based apparel and consumer preferences relating to it. Within this study, an online survey was conducted with 1,673 participants that is representative of the German population over the age of 16, including a choice-based consumer experiment with a bio-based rain jacket. Using latent class analysis, two clusters of consumers (39% of respondents) were identified with acceptance of moderate prices for such bio-based products. The other 61% of consumers showed preferences for the lowest prices of the tested bio-based rain jacket. A discriminant analysis revealed that the intention to purchase bio-based apparel, the Green Consumer Value and subjective norms of bio-based apparel were the strongest significant factors when distinguishing between consumer groups of bio-based apparel with a “preference for a low price” and those showing “acceptance of a moderate price.” This study helps to better illuminate the heterogeneity of consumer preferences for bio-based apparel related to pricing strategies and supports building up of a supply chain for such products.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity in consumer preferences for ready-to-eat pomegranate: an empirical study in Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (12) ◽  
pp. 3869-3884
Author(s):  
Alice Stiletto ◽  
Elisa Giampietri ◽  
Samuele Trestini
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Heterogeneous Preferences ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Italian Origin ◽  
Consumer Test ◽  
Positive Effect

PurposeThe present study aims at analysing consumer preferences for the pomegranate fruit, focussing on the effect of ready-to-eat format (i.e. packaged arils) on the purchasing choice, together with several products’ attributes as the origin, the packaging typology and the price.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a choice experiment (CE) among 626 Italian consumers from Veneto region through an online survey. The study estimates both a conditional logit (CL) and a latent class logit model (LCM).FindingsBy segmenting the sample based on the heterogeneous preferences of consumers, it can distinguish “eco-friendly consumers”, “time-saving lovers”, “nationalists” and “price sensitive” subjects. Interestingly, the marginal willingness to pay for ready-to-eat arils is positive for the “time-saving lovers” that are mainly young consumers. The Italian origin has always a positive effect on the choice, whereas a negative effect is found for the price. Finally, the eco-friendly package has both a negative and a positive effect.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample of this study is not representative of the population and the CE has a hypothetical nature. It follows that further research will link the economic analysis to a consumer test on a more representative sample.Practical implicationsThis study can be useful for the pomegranate producers and the industry because it provides original evidence that could drive their business and marketing strategies, for instance, the preference for ready-to-eat arils.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first seeking to determine the factors that affect consumers' preferences for pomegranate arils.

Tomato attributes and consumer preferences – a consumer segmentation approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 328-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Jürkenbeck ◽  
Achim Spiller ◽  
Stephan G.H. Meyerding
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Taste Preference ◽  
German Population ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Communication Problems ◽  
Segmentation Approach

Purpose Vegetables are an important component of a healthy diet. Given that tomatoes are the most purchased vegetable in Germany, the purpose of this paper is to focus on how consumers evaluate tomatoes during their food choice. Each consumer has different preferences and, in order to target them, it is necessary to identify consumer groups. The study segments tomato consumers into homogenous target groups. Design/methodology/approach A choice experiment was used to simulate the buying situation in a supermarket. The data were analysed using latent class analysis, as well as principal component factor analysis to measure food-related lifestyles. The sample consisted of 1,027 consumers and was representative of the characteristics of gender, age, educational level and income for the German population. Findings Consumers perceive air transportation and plastic wrapping as most climate damaging in tomato production. Six different tomato consumer groups were identified and named according to the attribute they found most important, i.e. “Balanced consumers”, “Price-conscious consumers”, “Taste enthusiasts”, “Colour-sensitive consumers”, “Price-conscious consumers with a taste preference” and “Colour- and price-sensitive consumers”. In three clusters, colour was the most important attribute. However, green and yellow tomatoes were rejected by all segments, indicating communication problems. Originality/value The results of this study provide breeders and marketers with valuable insights into the factors driving tomato choice. The information was based on a large sample and will help breeders to select the types of tomatoes that are in demand by consumers.

scholarly journals Consumer preferences for wild game cured meat label: do attitudes towards animal welfare matter?

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-618
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Marescotti ◽  
Vincenzina Caputo ◽  
Eugenio Demartini ◽  
Anna Gaviglio
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Animal Rights ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Game Meat ◽  
Wild Game

Even though the European Union has imposed a mandatory labeling system for conventional meats, there is no mandatory labelling scheme for the so called ‘minor meats’ – such as hunted wild game meat (HWGM). Thus, some European countries have implemented voluntary labelling programs certificating the origin of wild game meat. This study uses a discrete choice experiment to: (1) assess consumer preferences for processed meat products (including wild game meat bearing a HWGM label); and (2) investigate whether consumers’ attitudes towards animal welfare affects their food choice behavior for alternative meat products. Data was collected through an online survey conducted in Italy and consumer preferences for HWGM was estimated through a latent class logit model. Overall, results suggest that, even though HWGM label does not exist yet on the Italian market, it is appealing to Italian consumers and it will likely be accepted by the majority of them. However, consumers who are particularly concerned about animal welfare issues and animal rights showed the lowest level of the interest in the hunted game meat product and thus the presence of the HWGM label does not provide any benefit to them. Our findings have important implications for the development of successful marketing strategies and policy intervention in the HWGM sector at a national and European level.

Pricing strategies for resort fees: consumer preferences favor simplicity

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 790-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Repetti ◽  
Susan Roe ◽  
Amy Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Conjoint Analysis ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Pricing Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Partitioned Pricing ◽  
Pricing Research ◽  
A La Carte Pricing ◽  
Limited Choice ◽  
Mandatory Fees

Purpose – The purpose of this study is twofold: to determine hotel customers’ preference among hotel amenities pricing strategies, specifically a bundled, all-inclusive charge in the form of a resort fee, a limited choice resort fee at a lower price or a la carte pricing, and to determine whether hotel customer prefer bundled or partitioned pricing when faced with a mandatory resort fee. Design/methodology/approach – An online survey of participants aged 18 years and older who had taken an overnight leisure trip in the past six months is conducted. A fixed-choice set conjoint analysis is performed to analyze the 353 usable surveys. Findings – Results of this conjoint analysis show that 67 per cent of respondents prefer bundled pricing over partitioned pricing. Respondents also show higher utility for no resort fee and paying for amenities based on usage instead of being forced to pay a mandatory resort fee. Practical implications – Guest preferences for pricing strategies can provide hotel operators with valuable information on how to establish pricing structures. Results suggest that hotel operators could benefit from presenting a bundled price inclusive of room rates and mandatory fees. Originality/value – This is the only known study that examines mandatory fees in which customers receive additional amenities or services in exchange for an additional surcharge. This study also adds to the literature on pricing research in the hospitality industry.

scholarly journals Using Market Segmentation Analysis to Identify Consumer Preferences for Fresh Peach Attributes

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1664-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchen Zhou ◽  
Chengyan Yue ◽  
Shuoli Zhao ◽  
R. Karina Gallardo ◽  
Vicki McCracken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Market Segmentation ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Peach Fruit ◽  
Segmentation Analysis ◽  
Heterogeneous Preference ◽  
Latent Class Logit

Consumer preferences for attributes of fresh peach fruit in the United States are largely unknown on a national basis. We used a choice experiment to explore market segmentation based on consumer heterogeneous preference for fruit attributes including external color, blemish, firmness, sweetness, flavor, and price. We collected the data using an online survey with 800 U.S. consumers. Using a latent class logit model, we identified three segments of consumers differing by different sets of preferred quality attributes: experience attribute-oriented consumers, who valued fruit quality (48.8% of the sample); search attribute-oriented consumers, who valued fruit appearance (33.7% of the sample); and balanced consumers, who considered search attributes and experience attributes but who valued each in a balanced way (17.5% of the sample). Each group demonstrated differentiated demographics and purchasing habits. The results have important marketing implications for peach breeders and suppliers.

scholarly journals A Multi-Country Comparison of Consumers’ Preferences for Imported Fruits and Vegetables

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 578
Author(s):  
Shang-Ho Yang ◽  
Bella Pebriyani Panjaitan
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Country Comparison ◽  
Best Worst Scaling ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Significant Factors

Within Asia, imported fruits and vegetables are often considered as a delicacy and of high value, and are increasingly demanded compared to local products. There are numerous significant factors involved with consumers’ characteristics and their corresponding values towards these products. This study investigates potential consumers and their preferences towards imported fruits and vegetables in three Asian countries: Taiwan, Japan, and Indonesia. A total of 1350 survey responses collected from Taiwan, Japan, and Indonesia are examined by a best–worst scaling method with a latent class multinomial logit model. Results show that consumers tend to choose imported fruits that are not commonly provided by domestic producers. While a food safety certified label and freshness are consistently identified as the most and second most important food values for Taiwanese, Japanese, and Indonesian consumers, price is still an important factor for certain consumer groups. The majority of Taiwanese and Japanese consumers (i.e., female, higher education, and from an urban area) prefer imported fruits and vegetables, while the majority of Indonesian consumers do not pay much attention to imported fruits and vegetables. While Taiwan, Japan, and Indonesia are island countries, the novelty of this study shows that consumer preferences do not behave the same. The implications of this study should be of interest to producers and exporters who wish to positively impact the design of their international marketing strategies.

scholarly journals Consumer Preferences of Sustainability Labeled Cut Roses in Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berki-Kiss ◽  
Menrad
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Food Retailing ◽  
Consumer Evaluations ◽  
Positive Assessment ◽  
Conjoint Experiment ◽  
Horticultural Products ◽  
Additional Value

The study investigated preferences of consumers of food retailing outlets in Germany for sustainability labeled cut roses. A sample of 1201 respondents of an online survey was used to analyze their preferences based on a choice-based conjoint experiment in which a bunch of 10 roses was considered which differed concerning the labeling certificate, country of production of the plants, price, packaging, smell, and blossom size of the roses. Latent class analysis revealed existence of consumer heterogeneity with around two thirds of the respondents being strongly in favor of sustainability labels. Thereby Fairtrade labeled roses got an overall positive assessment whereby organic roses were only preferred by 31% of the respondents. In addition, paper or no packaging, strong smell and uniform big blossom sizes got overall positive consumer evaluations in the experiment. The study concludes that sustainability labeled plants might be an option for producers to append additional value to horticultural products in Germany.

scholarly journals Who Wants Chicken? Uncovering Consumer Preferences for Produce of Alternative Chicken Product Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2440
Author(s):  
Cynthia I. Escobedo del Bosque ◽  
Achim Spiller ◽  
Antje Risius
Keyword(s):  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Local Production ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Economic Implications

As ethical and environmental concerns regarding current poultry production systems arise, consumers look for alternatives. This study assesses consumers’ preferences for chicken meat of dual-purpose breeds (DPBs), regionally produced feedstuff, and specific breeds, along with attitudes and social norms that explain these preferences. We conducted an online survey (n = 934) including a discrete choice experiment and elements of the theory of planned behavior. Results show that after price, product and feedstuff origin are preferred by consumers, followed by breeding form and specific breed. Utilities for each attribute and level were calculated and consumer segments were created using latent class analysis. Three different consumer groups were identified: (1) price-sensitive consumers, (2) price-sensitive and origin-oriented consumers, and (3) origin-oriented consumers. We conclude that although consumers are interested in meat from DPBs, this attribute alone is not enough to influence the purchase decision, and geographical origin seems to be of crucial importance. However, by highlighting important attributes (i.e., animal welfare, regional/local production), DPB products could be introduced to the market. The consumption of these alternative products has economic implications, such as not relying on imports and promoting local production/consumption, along with social implications as refraining from killing day-old chicks.

Low Back Pain in Commercial Airline Pilots

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 940-947
Author(s):  
Matthias Albermann ◽  
Maria Lehmann ◽  
Christian Eiche ◽  
Joachim Schmidt ◽  
Johannes Prottengeier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
German Population ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Airline Pilots ◽  
Acute Low Back Pain ◽  
Commercial Airline ◽  
Negative Effect

BACKGROUND: In their working life, airline pilots are exposed to particular risk factors that promote nonspecific low back pain (LBP). Because of the varying incidence internationally, we evaluated the point prevalences of acute, subacute, and chronic nonspecific LBP, as well as the current prevalences in German airline pilots. Furthermore, we compared the prevalence to the general German population and to European counterparts.METHODS: An anonymous online survey of 698 participating German airline pilots was evaluated. The impairment between groups was analyzed. Prevalences from our data were compared to existing data.RESULTS: The following point prevalences were found: 8.2% acute, 2.4% subacute, 82.7% chronic LBP; 74.1% of all individuals were suffering from current LBP when answered the questionnaire. A total time spent flying greater than 600 h within the last 12 mo was significantly related to acute nonspecific LBP. Individuals with any type of LBP were significantly impaired compared to those unaffected. It was found that German airline pilots suffer more often from current LBP than the general population and have a higher point prevalence of total LBP than their European counterparts.CONCLUSIONS: The evaluation showed a surprisingly high, previously unidentified, prevalence of nonspecific LBP in German airline pilots. Why German airline pilots suffer more often from LBP remains uncertain. The number of flying hours appears to have a negative effect on developing acute low back pain, but causation cannot be concluded. Other risk factors could not be confirmed.Albermann M, Lehmann M, Eiche C, Schmidt J, Prottengeier J. Low back pain in commercial airline pilots. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(12):940947.

scholarly journals Consumer Preferences for Private Label Brand vs. National Brand Organic Juice and Eggs: A Latent Class Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7028
Author(s):  
Ellen J. Van Loo ◽  
Fien Minnens ◽  
Wim Verbeke
Keyword(s):  
Orange Juice ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Latent Class Model ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Private Label ◽  
National Brand ◽  
Major Barrier

Many retailers have expanded and diversified their private label food product assortment by offering premium-quality private label food products such as organic products. With price being identified as the major barrier for organic food purchases, private label organic food products could be a suitable and more affordable alternative for many consumers. While numerous studies have examined consumer preferences for organic food, very few organic food studies have incorporated the concept of private labels. This study addresses this research gap by studying consumer preferences and willingness to pay for national brand and private label organic food using a latent class model. Specifically, this study analyzes consumer preferences for organic eggs and orange juice and the effect of national branding versus private label. Findings show heterogeneity in consumer preferences for production method and brand, with three consumer segments being identified based on their preferences for both juice and eggs. For eggs, about half of the consumers prefer private label and organic production, whereas one-quarter clearly prefers organic, and another quarter is indifferent about the brand and the organic production. For orange juice, the majority (75%) prefer the national brand. In addition, one-quarter of the consumers prefers organic juice, and about one-third values both organic and the national brand.

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