scholarly journals Values-Based Foundation for a U.S. Single Payer Health System Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Markowitz ◽  
Renee McLeod-Sordjan
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
System Model ◽  
Health Access ◽  
Health Insurance System ◽  
Social Good ◽  
Single Payer ◽  
Optimal Health ◽  
Unequal Access

A universal, single payer model for the American health system aligns with and should emanate from commonly held values contained within the country’s foundational religious teachings, morals, ethics and democratic heritage. The Affordable Care Act in its attempt to create expanded health access has met with significant challenges. The conservative Supreme Court decreases the likelihood of a federal mandated single payer model. As uncertainty of the structure of the healthcare system increases, this paper supports its transformation to a single payer model. Healthcare should be considered a duty within the framework of a Kantian approach to ethics and a social good. Evidently ignoring this duty, the American health system perpetuates a healthcare underclass, with underserved portions of the population, with unequal access to quality care and persistent health status and outcome disparities. The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the effect of social determinants on optimal health outcome. A health insurance system based on the nation’s commonly held values has the potential to eliminate these disparities.

scholarly journals Impacto del gasto público en la calidad del sistema de salud de México

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
María Guadalupe ZÁRATE-MARTÍNEZ ◽  
Paulina AGUILERA-ARREDONDO ◽  
Artemio JIMÉNEZ-RICO
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Public ◽  
Optimal Health

Health is considered a Human Right that every person should receive for free and in quality, it is important in the fact that it is a basic service for the development of a country. In Mexico, public spending on health is equivalent to 2.5% of GDP, however, the OECD indicates that it is necessary to allocate at least 6% to have an optimal Health System. In the same tenor, Mexico has 2.9 nurses per thousand inhabitants, while Norway has 17.8 nurses per thousand. The objective of this research is to analyze public spending for the health sector to determine its impact on the main indicators that measure the quality of service provided by the Mexican Health System. Some results indicate that Mexico faces complex and challenging health needs and that there are huge discrepancies compared to other countries. This research contributes to providing a broader perspective on the public expenditure allocated to the Health System of Mexico in order to design public policies that allow offering high-quality care focused on people.

scholarly journals Dementia epidemiology in Hungary based on data from neurological and psychiatric specialty services

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nóra Balázs ◽  
András Ajtay ◽  
Ferenc Oberfrank ◽  
Dániel Bereczki ◽  
Tibor Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Health Insurance System ◽  
Crude Incidence ◽  
Specialist Services ◽  
Single Payer ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Medical Reports ◽  
The Mean

AbstractHungary has a single-payer health insurance system covering 10 million inhabitants. All medical reports of the in- and outpatient specialist services were collected in the NEUROHUN database. We used ICD-10 codes of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), miscellaneous dementia group and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) for the inclusion of the patients. Incidence, prevalence and survival of different dementias and MCI were calculated and analyzed depending on the diagnoses given by neurological or psychiatric services or both. Between 2011 and 2016, the mean crude incidence of all dementias was 242/100,000/year, whereas the age standardized incidence was 287/100,000/year. Crude and age standardized mean prevalence rates were 570/100,000 and 649/100,000, respectively. There were significantly more VaD diagnoses than AD, the VaD:AD ratio was 2.54:1, being the highest in patients with psychiatric diagnoses only (4.85:1) and the lowest in patients with only neurological diagnoses (1.32:1). The median survival after the first diagnosis was 3.01 years regarding all dementia cases. Compared to international estimates, the prevalence of dementia and MCI is considerably lower in Hungary and the VaD:AD ratio is reversed.

scholarly journals Achieving Horizontal Equity: Must We Have a Single-Payer Health System?

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael K. Gusmano ◽  
Daniel Weisz ◽  
Victor G. Rodwin
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Horizontal Equity ◽  
Single Payer

Health system characteristics of quality care delivery: A comparative case study examination of palliative care for cancer patients in four regions in Ontario, Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Sussman ◽  
Lisa Barbera ◽  
Daryl Bainbridge ◽  
Doris Howell ◽  
Jinghao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Health System ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Care Utilization

Background: A number of palliative care delivery models have been proposed to address the structural and process gaps in this care. However, the specific elements required to form competent systems are often vaguely described. Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore whether a set of modifiable health system factors could be identified that are associated with population palliative care outcomes, including less acute care use and more home deaths. Design: A comparative case study evaluation was conducted of ‘palliative care’ in four health regions in Ontario, Canada. Regions were selected as exemplars of high and low acute care utilization patterns, representing both urban and rural settings. A theory-based approach to data collection was taken using the System Competency Model, comprised of structural features known to be essential indicators of palliative care system performance. Key informants in each region completed study instruments. Data were summarized using qualitative techniques and an exploratory factor pattern analysis was completed. Results: 43 participants (10+ from each region) were recruited, representing clinical and administrative perspectives. Pattern analysis revealed six factors that discriminated between regions: overall palliative care planning and needs assessment; a common chart; standardized patient assessments; 24/7 palliative care team access; advanced practice nursing presence; and designated roles for the provision of palliative care services. Conclusions: The four palliative care regional ‘systems’ examined using our model were found to be in different stages of development. This research further informs health system planners on important features to incorporate into evolving palliative care systems.

scholarly journals Health Insurance in Myanmar: The Views and Perception of Healthcare Consumers and Health System Informants on the Establishment of a Nationwide Health Insurance System

Risks ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Marjolein van Rooijen ◽  
Chaw-Yin Myint ◽  
Milena Pavlova ◽  
Wim Groot
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health System ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Health Insurance System ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Supplementary Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Model

(1) Background: Health insurance and social protection in Myanmar are negligible, which leaves many citizens at risk of financial hardship in case of a serious illness. The aim of this study is to explore the views of healthcare consumers and compare them to the views of key informants on the design and implementation of a nationwide health insurance system in Myanmar. (2) Method: Data were collected through nine focus group discussions with healthcare consumers and six semi-structured interviews with key health system informants. (3) Results: The consumers supported a mandatory basic health insurance and voluntary supplementary health insurance. Tax-based funding was suggested as an option that can help to enhance healthcare utilization among the poor and vulnerable groups. However, a fully tax-based funding was perceived to have limited chances of success given the low level of government resources available. Community-based insurance, where community members pool money in a healthcare fund, was seen as more appropriate for the rural areas. (4) Conclusion: This study suggests a healthcare financing mechanism based on a mixed insurance model for the creation of nationwide health insurance. Further inquiry into the feasibility of the vital aspects of the nationwide health insurance is needed.

scholarly journals Identification of the Main Elements of Single Payer System; A Comparative Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Aboutorabi ◽  
Saman Ghasempour ◽  
Behzad Najafi ◽  
Sirous Panahi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Health System ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Single Payer

Background: Progress towards universal coverage requires adequate capital in health sector. Investing and optimal allocation of resources in this sector will contribute to the development and reduction of poverty in countries in order to achieve the goals of health system. Therefore, the more people contribute to risk sharing, we have lower financial risks in facing the issue. The single payer system as a public health coverage model seeks to expand the insurance coverage scope at community level. The present study aimed to identify the main elements of S-PS to conduct a comparative study. Methods: A comparative study was conducted to describe the fundamental of financing and the provision of services in selected countries - Germany, Thailand, Turkey, and Colombia, as well as to achieve the main elements of S-PS. In addition, the health system of Iran has been studied. The basis for selection of countries was health system Garden typology. The main criteria for selection or rejection of studies were the separation of health services provider from financial functions; has allowed a single department to purchasing process. Results: single payer system in two functions of health system, namely, financing and providing health care; consolidation resources (reducing fragmentation by creating a single pooled fund and achieve massive purchase of health care through the insurance agent as single purchaser) and ensuring community health (delivery of services by the network of providers represented by Health Promotion Organization) represents 12 main organizational elements. Conclusion: the multiple insurers and payers of health care in Iran are both inequity and ineffective. And its integration is not a simple task. Iranian financing policies should aimed to achieving universal health coverage by creating greater risk pooling and becoming aware of the important tasks of insurance system; take advantage of the strength in numbers, setting the principles of cross-subsidy and preventing adverse reaction. It is important not to put together a long-term, coherent plan to reach the S-PS.

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