scholarly journals Mapping Soil Properties to Advance the State of Spatial Soil Information for Greater Food Security on US Tribal Lands

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Fuentes ◽  
Amanda J. Ashworth ◽  
Mercy Ngunjiri ◽  
Phillip Owens
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Property ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Soil Information ◽  
Tribal Lands

Knowledge, data, and understanding of soils is key for advancing agriculture and society. There is currently a critical need for sustainable soil management tools for enhanced food security on Native American Tribal Lands. Tribal Reservations have basic soil information and limited access to conservation programs provided to other U.S producers. The objective of this study was to create first ever high-resolution digital soil property maps of Quapaw Tribal Lands with limited data for sustainable soil resource management. We used a digital soil mapping (DSM) approach based on fuzzy logic to model the spatial distribution of 24 soil properties at 0–15 and 15–30 cm depths. A digital elevation model with 3 m resolution was used to derive terrain variables and a total of 28 samples were collected at 0–30 cm over the 22,880-ha reservation. Additionally, soil property maps were derived from Gridded Soil Survey Geographic Database (gSSURGO) for comparison. When comparing properties modeled by DSM to those derived from gSSURGO, DSM resulted in lower root mean squared error (RMSE) for percent clay and sand at 0–15 cm, and cation exchange capacity, percent clay, and pH at 15–30 cm. Conversely, gSSURGO-derived maps resulted in lower RMSE for cation exchange capacity, pH, and percent silt at the 0–15 cm depth, and percent sand and silt at the 15–30 cm depth. Although, some of the soil properties derived from gSSURGO had lower RMSE, spatial soil property patterns modeled by DSM were in better agreement with the topographic complexity and expected soil-landscape relationships. The proposed DSM approach developed property maps at high-resolution, which sets the baseline for production of new spatial soil information for Quapaw Tribal soils. It is expected that these maps and future versions will be useful for soil, crop, and land-use decisions at the farm and Tribal-level for increased agricultural productivity and economic development. Overall, this study provides a framework for developing DSM on Tribal Lands for improving the accuracy and detail of soil property maps (relative to off the shelf products such as SSURGO) that better represents soil-forming environments and the spatial variability of soil properties on Tribal Lands.

USE OF A SOIL DATA FILE FOR PEDOLOGICAL RESEARCH

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. KLOOSTERMAN ◽  
L. M. LAVKULICH ◽  
M. K. JOHN
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Data File ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Soil Drainage ◽  
Normal Distributions ◽  
Podzolic Soils

The potential application of a computer soil data file to the study of soil concepts is discussed. This method aids the pedologist to analyze, summarize and correlate large quantities of data. For applied objectives the data file allows the prediction of soil properties for interpretive purposes. The computerized soil data file was used to explore its usefulness in studying the concept of the modal profile, confirmation of definitions of the Podzolic and Gleysolic Great Groups, derivation of equations for estimating soil drainage and cation-exchange capacity, and studying some interrelationships among soil properties. Soil parameters used to define soils at the Order and Great Group levels did trend toward normal distributions for Gleysolic but less for Podzolic soils. The prediction equations for cation-exchange capacity accounted for a higher percentage of the variation than did equations for soil drainage. Many soil property interrelationships were confirmed. The study illustrates some of the weaknesses of using routine soil survey data collected over a 10-yr period.

scholarly journals SOIL PROPERTIES AND NUTRIENT ELEMENT STATUS OF COCONUT LEAVES UNDER DEFFERENT CROPPING PATTERNS

CORD ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Doah Dekok Tarigans
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Nutrient Element ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of six co­conut cropping patterns on the soil properties and nutrient element status of coconut leaves. The experiments were carried out from August 1984 to May 1985 in Silang, Cavite, Philippines. Data on‑soil properties and nutrient element starus of coconut leaves were statistically analyzed in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Six cropping patterns in coconut with four species of perennial crops as intercrops, namely: banana, papaya, coffee and pineapple were used in this study. The organic matter, pH and cation exchange capacity of the soils did not differ significantly with cropping pattern although intensively cropped farms tended to have higher organic matter' and cation exchange capacity values. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the top soil were significantly higher in most intensive intercropped farms, but calcium and magnesium did not vary significantly. Moisture content, waterholding capacity, bulk density and particle density of the soil did not show significant difference with cropping patterns. Likewise, the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the soil remained statistically the same. Leaf nitrogen and calcium, in­creased while potassium decreased with intensity of cropping. Phosphorus and magnesium showed no definite trend.

Spatial variability of uncultivated soils in derived savanna

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Obalum ◽  
J. Oppong ◽  
C.A. Igwe ◽  
Y. Watanabe ◽  
M.E. Obi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Matter Concentration ◽  
Derived Savanna ◽  
Matter Concentration

Abstract The spatial variability of some physicochemical properties of topsoils/subsoils under secondary forest, grassland fallow, and bare-soil fallow of three locations was evaluated. The data were analyzed and described using classical statistical parameters. Based on the coefficient of variation, bulk density, total porosity, 60-cm-tension moisture content, and soil pH were of low variability. Coarse and fine sand were of moderate variability. Highly variable soil properties included silt, clay, macroporosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, organic matter concentration, and cation exchange capacity. Overall, soil pH and silt varied the least and the most, respectively. Relative weighting showed that location dominantly influenced the soil variability, except for soil porosity and organic matter concentration influenced mostly by land use. Most of the soil data were normally distributed; others were positively skewed and/or kurtotic. The minimum number of samples (at 25 samples ha-1) required to estimate mean values of soil properties was highly soil property-specific, ranging from 1 (topsoil pH-H2O) to 246 (topsoil silt). Cation exchange capacity of subsoils related fairly strongly with cation exchange capacity of topsoils (R2 = 0.63). Spatial variability data can be used to extrapolate dynamic soil properties across a derived-savanna landscape.

scholarly journals Development of a composite soil degradation assessment index for cocoa agroecosystems in southwestern Nigeria

Solid Earth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunday Adenrele Adeniyi ◽  
Willem Petrus de Clercq ◽  
Adriaan van Niekerk
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Assessment Index

Abstract. Cocoa agroecosystems are a major land-use type in the tropical rainforest belt of West Africa, reportedly associated with several ecological changes, including soil degradation. This study aims to develop a composite soil degradation assessment index (CSDI) for determining the degradation level of cocoa soils under smallholder agroecosystems of southwestern Nigeria. Plots where natural forests have been converted to cocoa agroecosystems of ages 1–10, 11–40, and 41–80 years, respectively representing young cocoa plantations (YCPs), mature cocoa plantations (MCPs), and senescent cocoa plantations (SCPs), were identified to represent the biological cycle of the cocoa tree. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0 to 20 cm in each plot and analysed in terms of their physical, chemical, and biological properties. Factor analysis of soil data revealed four major interacting soil degradation processes: decline in soil nutrients, loss of soil organic matter, increase in soil acidity, and the breakdown of soil textural characteristics over time. These processes were represented by eight soil properties (extractable zinc, silt, soil organic matter (SOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), available phosphorus, total porosity, pH, and clay content). These soil properties were subjected to forward stepwise discriminant analysis (STEPDA), and the result showed that four soil properties (extractable zinc, cation exchange capacity, SOM, and clay content) are the most useful in separating the studied soils into YCP, MCP, and SCP. In this way, we have sufficiently eliminated redundancy in the final selection of soil degradation indicators. Based on these four soil parameters, a CSDI was developed and used to classify selected cocoa soils into three different classes of degradation. The results revealed that 65 % of the selected cocoa farms are moderately degraded, while 18 % have a high degradation status. The numerical value of the CSDI as an objective index of soil degradation under cocoa agroecosystems was statistically validated. The results of this study reveal that soil management should promote activities that help to increase organic matter and reduce Zn deficiency over the cocoa growth cycle. Finally, the newly developed CSDI can provide an early warning of soil degradation processes and help farmers and extension officers to implement rehabilitation practices on degraded cocoa soils.

HIGH SOIL CALCIUM SATURATION LIMITS USE OF LEAF POTASSIUM DIAGNOSIS WHEN KCL IS APPLIED IN OIL PALM PLANTATIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 794-804
Author(s):  
BERNARD DUBOS ◽  
VICTOR BARON ◽  
XAVIER BONNEAU ◽  
ALBERT FLORI ◽  
JEAN OLLIVIER
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Calcium ◽  
Exchangeable Ca

SUMMARYPotassium chloride (KCl) is the most widely used fertilizer in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) plantations and the rates applied are based on interpretation of leaf K contents. When no positive response on leaf K contents can be detected, no optimum content can be established whatever the yield response to KCl rates. We used data from 13 fertilization trials conducted on several continents to study the responses of leaf K, leaf Cl, leaf Ca and yield to KCl rates as a function of the soil properties of each site. We found that the abundance of exchangeable Ca in the soil expressed as a percent of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) was the best soil variable to predict if leaf K content would increase with KCl rates. In addition, we found that the leaf K contents of unfertilized controls at the end of the trials were also correlated with Ca/CEC. This ratio thus appears to be a better index of soil K reserves than soil exchangeable K content.

Modelling of soil texture and its verification with related soil properties

Soil Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shahadat Hossain ◽  
G. K. M. Mustafizur Rahman ◽  
M. Saiful Alam ◽  
M. Mizanur Rahman ◽  
A. R. M. Solaiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Property ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Soil Maps ◽  
Hypothetical Data ◽  
Digital Soil Maps

Soil texture is an independent and innate soil property and other dynamic soil properties such as electrical conductivity (EC), organic carbon (OC) content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) are mostly dependent on it. An attempt was made to develop a model for numerically simulating soil texture and also to construct relationships of the developed model with other soil properties. Hypothetical data of particle size distribution and our data were used to justify and validate the newly defined indices. Scatter diagrams showed good association between the indices and hypothetical data of soil separates. Moreover, similar trends were observed between the line charts of USDA soil textural class codes and the indices. Strong correlations (r = 0.78–0.96) were found between the indices and soil separates (sand, silt and clay) for our data. However, the indices demonstrated moderate correlations (r = –0.34 to –0.55) with EC and OC of the soils. Strong nonlinear relationships were found between CEC and the three indices (R2 = 0.699, R2 = 0.732 and R2 = 0.672 (all P < 0.001). Furthermore, the variability of EC, OC and CEC within a single USDA textural class and customised textural index groups were described using the developed model. The developed indices showed excellent fitness for simulation of soil texture and demonstrated an extended applicability in terms of their relationships with soil properties related to soil texture, which will help in constructing digital soil maps.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Mapping of Clay and Cation Exchange Capacity of Sandy and Infertile Soil Using EM38 and Inversion Software

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 3936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibet Khongnawang ◽  
Ehsan Zare ◽  
Dongxue Zhao ◽  
Pranee Srihabun ◽  
John Triantafilis
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Inversion Algorithm ◽  
Three Dimensional Mapping ◽  
Em Induction ◽  
Leave One Out

Most cultivated upland areas of northeast Thailand are characterized by sandy and infertile soils, which are difficult to improve agriculturally. Information about the clay (%) and cation exchange capacity (CEC—cmol(+)/kg) are required. Because it is expensive to analyse these soil properties, electromagnetic (EM) induction instruments are increasingly being used. This is because the measured apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa—mS/m), can often be correlated directly with measured topsoil (0–0.3 m), subsurface (0.3–0.6 m) and subsoil (0.6–0.9 m) clay and CEC. In this study, we explore the potential to use this approach and considering a linear regression (LR) between EM38 acquired ECa in horizontal (ECah) and vertical (ECav) modes of operation and the soil properties at each of these depths. We compare this approach with a universal LR relationship developed between calculated true electrical conductivity (σ—mS/m) and laboratory measured clay and CEC at various depths. We estimate σ by inverting ECah and ECav data, using a quasi-3D inversion algorithm (EM4Soil). The best LR between ECa and soil properties was between ECah and subsoil clay (R2 = 0.43) and subsoil CEC (R2 = 0.56). We concluded these LR were unsatisfactory to predict clay or CEC at any of the three depths, however. In comparison, we found that a universal LR could be established between σ with clay (R2 = 0.65) and CEC (R2 = 0.68). The LR model validation was tested using a leave-one-out-cross-validation. The results indicated that the universal LR between σ and clay at any depth was precise (RMSE = 2.17), unbiased (ME = 0.27) with good concordance (Lin’s = 0.78). Similarly, satisfactory results were obtained by the LR between σ and CEC (Lin’s = 0.80). We conclude that in a field where a direct LR relationship between clay or CEC and ECa cannot be established, can still potentially be mapped by developing a LR between estimates of σ with clay or CEC if they all vary with depth.

scholarly journals Effects of land use changes on the dynamics of selected soil properties in northeast Wellega, Ethiopia

SOIL ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemayehu Adugna ◽  
Assefa Abegaz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract. Land use change can have negative or positive effects on soil quality. Our objective was to assess the effects of land uses changes on the dynamics of selected soil physical and chemical properties. Soil samples were collected from three adjacent soil plots under different land uses, namely forestland, grazing land, and cultivated land at 0–15 cm depth. Changes in soil properties on cultivated and grazing land were computed and compared to forestland, and ANOVA (analysis of variance) was used to test the significance of the changes. Sand and silt proportions, soil organic content, total nitrogen content, acidity, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable Ca2+ content were higher in forestlands. Exchangeable Mg2+ was highest in grazing land, while clay, available phosphorous, and exchangeable K+ were highest in cultivated land. The percentage changes in sand, clay, soil organic matter, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ were higher in cultivated land than in grazing land and forestland. In terms of the relation between soil properties, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable Ca2+ were strongly positively correlated with most of soil properties, while available phosphorous and silt have no significant relationship with any of the other considered soil properties. Clay has a negative correlation with all soil properties. Generally, cultivated land has the least concentration of soil physical and chemical properties except clay and available phosphorous, which suggests an increasing degradation rate in soils of cultivated land. So as to increase soil organic matter and other nutrients in the soil of cultivated land, the integrated implementation of land management through compost, cover crops, manures, minimum tillage, crop rotation, and liming to decrease soil acidity are suggested.

Properties of soils influenced by ectomycorrhizal fungi in hybrid spruce [Picea glauca × engelmannii (Moench.) Voss]

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Glowa ◽  
J. M. Arocena ◽  
H. B. Massicotte
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mineralogical Properties ◽  
Study Support ◽  
C And N

Soil properties of rhizosphere zones in coniferous forests are influenced by the presence of ectomycorrhizae. To elucidate the role of ectomycorrhizae (ECM) on the alteration of chemical and mineralogical properties of soils, soil pH, total C and N, cation exchange capacity, and the contents of mica, chlorite, and kaolinite, 2:1 type expandable clays, and amorphous minerals were compared in two soils, soils influenced by ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECS) and non-ectomycorrhizosphere soils (N-ECM) of Picea glauca x engelmannii (Moench.) Voss. Specifically, the two ECS soils were dominated by (1) Piloderma spp. (ECS-A) and (2) Inocybe lacera-like and Hebeloma-like morphotypes or where Piloderma spp. colonization was <1% (ECS-B). Our results showed that pH was lower in ECS compared to N-ECM samples. Total C and N were significantly higher in ECS soils than N-ECM samples. Cation exchange capacity as well as exchangeable K+, and Na+ were higher in ECS compared to N-ECM soils. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the amount of 2:1 expanding clays (vermiculite and smectite) was higher in ECS than N-ECM samples and results suggest that there is an enhanced transformation of mica and chlorite to 2:1 type expandable clays in ECS samples when compared to N-ECM samples. The differences in chemical and mineralogical properties between ECS and N-ECM soils, in our study, support earlier studies that show ectomycorrhizal fungi can alter the properties of soils in the rhizosphere zone. Key words: ectomycorrhizosphere soils, soil properties, Piloderma spp.

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