scholarly journals 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Canine Intracranial Intra-axial Hematomas

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Whitlock ◽  
Andrew Holdsworth ◽  
Carles Morales ◽  
Laurent Garosi ◽  
Inés Carrera
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Mri Study

The differentiation of solitary intra-axial hematomas from hemorrhagic neoplasms based on their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features is challenging. The treatment and prognosis for these two disease entities are vastly different and distinction between them is often based on MRI findings alone. The aim of this study was to describe the 1.5 tesla MRI features of canine intra-axial hematomas and correlate these findings with the evolution of hemorrhages described in human brains. Retrospective evaluation of patient details, clinical signs, and MRI findings of dogs with intra-axial hematomas that were histopathologically confirmed or determined via repeat MRI study and/or resolution of neurological signs. Ten dogs met the inclusion criteria. All 10 hematoma lesions were determined to be 2–7 days in age. On MRI, all 10 hemorrhagic lesions were comprised of two distinct regions; a relatively thin T1-weighted (T1W), T2-weighted (T2W) and gradient echo (GRE) hypointense (9/10) peripheral border region and a large central region that was heterogenous but predominantly T1W, T2W and GRE hyperintense (8/10). The peripheral border region was complete in its integrity in all 10 cases on T2W and GRE sequences. Contrast enhancement was present in (6/10) hematoma lesions and was always peripheral in nature with no evidence of central enhancement associated with any of the lesions. An intra-axial hematoma should be suspected in solitary hemorrhagic space occupying lesions that have a complete hypointense peripheral rim, elicit a peripheral contrast enhancement pattern, and display the expected temporal pattern of hematoma evolution.

A case review of the MRI features in alternating Tolosa–Hunt syndrome

Cephalalgia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1133-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
BVS Guedes ◽  
AJ da Rocha ◽  
HB Zuppani ◽  
CJ da Silva ◽  
WL Sanvito
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hunt Syndrome ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Study

Tolosa–Hunt syndrome (THS) consists of a painful ophthalmoplegia with typical features in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The recurring nature of this affliction has been known since its first description. However, compromise of the contralateral cavernous sinus, known as alternating THS, is very rare and has never been examined using MRI. We report clinical data, laboratory data and imaging features of a patient with alternating THS. According to our literature review, this is the first MRI study of THS.

scholarly journals Paediatric acquired demyelinating syndromes: incidence, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Absoud ◽  
Ming J Lim ◽  
Wui K Chong ◽  
Christian G De Goede ◽  
Katharine Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Trial Design ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
First Onset

Objective: Changing trends in multiple sclerosis (MS) epidemiology may first be apparent in the childhood population affected with first onset acquired demyelinating syndromes (ADSs). We aimed to determine the incidence, clinical, investigative and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of childhood central nervous system ADSs in the British Isles for the first time. Methods: We conducted a population active surveillance study. All paediatricians, and ophthalmologists ( n = 4095) were sent monthly reporting cards (September 2009–September 2010). International Paediatric MS Study Group 2007 definitions and McDonald 2010 MS imaging criteria were used for acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Clinicians completed a standard questionnaire and provided an MRI copy for review. Results: Card return rates were 90%, with information available for 200/222 positive notifications (90%). After exclusion of cases, 125 remained (age range 1.3–15.9), with CIS in 66.4%, ADEM in 32.0% and NMO in 1.6%. The female-to-male ratio in children older than 10 years ( n = 63) was 1.52:1 ( p = 0.045). The incidence of first onset ADS in children aged 1–15 years old was 9.83 per million children per year (95% confidence interval [CI] 8.18–11.71). A trend towards higher incidence rates of ADS in children of South Asian and Black ethnicity was observed compared with White children. Importantly, a number of MRI characteristics distinguished ADEM from CIS cases. Of CIS cases with contrast imaging, 26% fulfilled McDonald 2010 MS diagnostic criteria. Conclusions: We report the highest surveillance incidence rates of childhood ADS. Paediatric MS diagnosis at first ADS presentation has implications for clinical practice and clinical trial design.

scholarly journals Prognostic value of magnetic resonance imaging features in low-grade gliomas

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Deng ◽  
Liangfang Shen ◽  
Lin Shen ◽  
Zhao Zhao ◽  
Yingpeng Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Low Grade Gliomas ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Mri Features

AbstractIntroduction: The treatment strategy for low-grade gliomas (LGGs) is still controversial, and there are no standardized criteria to predict the prognosis of patients with LGGs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a routine test for preoperative diagnosis for LGG and can reflect the destructive features for the tumor. In the present study, we aimed to explore the relationship between the MRI features and prognosis in patients with LGG.Methods: Clinical data of 80 patients with pathologically proved LGGs between January 2010 and December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. MRI features were classified as contrast enhancement pattern (focal enhancement, diffuse enhancement and ring-like enhancement), necrosis and cysts based on the preoperative MR images. Kaplan–Meier method and multivariate analysis were performed on the data by SPSS software to explore the prognostic significance of MRI features.Results: Patients with cystic LGG had a significantly longer 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) than that with no cyst (90.9 ± 8.7 vs 65.7 ± 9.1%, P=0.045). Multivariate analysis further verified cyst as an independent prognosis factor for PFS (P=0.027, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.084). Additionally, patients with ring-like enhancement exhibited significantly longer 5-year PFS time in the Kaplan–Meier survival curves (100 vs 67.2 ± 7.7%, P=0.049). There was no significant difference in PFS and overall survival (OS) between patients with or without necrosis.Conclusion: Our study suggests that cyst formation and ring-like enhancement on preoperative MR images can be useful to predict a favorable prognosis in patients with LGGs.

scholarly journals Correlative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Histopathology in Small Ruminant Listeria Rhombencephalitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Precht ◽  
Peter Vermathen ◽  
Diana Henke ◽  
Anne Staudacher ◽  
Josiane Lauper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrates

Background: Listeria rhombencephalitis, infection of the brainstem with Listeria monocytogenes, occurs mainly in humans and farmed ruminants and is associated with high fatality rates. Small ruminants (goats and sheep) are a large animal model due to neuropathological similarities. The purpose of this study was to define magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of listeria rhombencephalitis in naturally infected small ruminants and correlate them with histopathology. Secondly, the purpose of this study was to compare the results with MRI findings reported in humans.Methods: Twenty small ruminants (13 sheep and 7 goats) with listeria rhombencephalitis were prospectively enrolled and underwent in vivo MRI of the brain, including T2-weighted, fluid attenuation inversion recovery, and T1-weighted sequences pre- and post-contrast administration and postmortem histopathology. In MRI, lesions were characterized by location, extent, border definition, signal intensity, and contrast enhancement. In histopathology, the location, cell type, severity, and chronicity of inflammatory infiltrates and signs of vascular damage were recorded. In addition, histopathologic slides were matched to MRIs, and histopathologic and MRI features were compared.Results: Asymmetric T2-hyperintense lesions in the brainstem were observed in all animals and corresponded to the location and pattern of inflammatory infiltrates in histopathology. Contrast enhancement in the brainstem was observed in 10 animals and was associated with vessel wall damage and perivascular fibrin accumulation in 8 of 10 animals. MRI underestimated the extension into rostral brain parts and the involvement of trigeminal ganglia and meninges.Conclusion: Asymmetric T2-hyperintense lesions in the brainstem with or without contrast enhancement can be established as criteria for the diagnosis of listeria rhombencephalitis in small ruminants. Brainstem lesions were similar to human listeria rhombencephalitis in terms of signal intensity and location. Different from humans, contrast enhancement was a rare finding, and abscessation was not observed.

Postoperative computed tomography and low-field magnetic resonance imaging findings in dogs with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis treated by dorsal laminectomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (02) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Ley ◽  
Kerstin Hansson ◽  
Lennart Sjöström ◽  
Martin Rapp
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Spinal Nerves ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Dorsal Laminectomy ◽  
Imaging Signs

SummaryObjectives: To describe postoperative computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in dogs with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS) treated by dorsal laminectomy and partial discectomy.Methods: Prospective clinical case study of dogs diagnosed with and treated for DLSS. Surgical and clinical findings were described. Computed tomography and low field MRI findings pre- and postoperatively were described and graded. Clinical, CT and MRI examinations were performed four to 18 months after surgery.Results: Eleven of 13 dogs were clinically improved and two dogs had unchanged clinical status postoperatively despite imaging signs of neural compression. Vacuum phenomenon, spondylosis, sclerosis of the seventh lumbar (L7) and first sacral (S1) vertebrae endplates and lumbosacral intervertebral joint osteoarthritis became more frequent in postoperative CT images. Postoperative MRI showed mild disc extrusions in five cases, and in all cases contrast enhancing non-discal tissue was present. All cases showed contrast enhancement of the L7 spinal nerves both pre- and postoperatively and seven had contrast enhancement of the lumbosacral intervertebral joints and paraspinal tissue postoperatively. Articular process fractures or fissures were noted in four dogs.Clinical significance: The study indicates that imaging signs of neural compression are common after DLSS surgery, even in dogs that have clinical improvement. Contrast enhancement of spinal nerves and soft tissues around the region of disc herniation is common both pre- and postoperatively and thus are unreliable criteria for identifying complications of the DLSS surgery.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.3415/VCOT-16-06-0096

scholarly journals Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multicentric, Multifocal and Bilateral Cancer — A Case-based Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Virginia Pérez Dueñas ◽  
María Ruíz de Gopegui Andreu ◽  
Sara Morón Hodge ◽  
Asunción Suárez Manrique ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Breast Mri ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Breast Magnetic Resonance

Multifocal or multicentric breast cancer can be difficult to detect on mammography or ultrasound, particularly in patients with dense breast tissue. A multimodality approach that includes breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is indicated, particularly when conservative surgery is being considered as it is the most sensitive technique for identifying additional sites of disease. However, its influence on recurrence and survival rates has yet not been clearly established, and false-positive cases may lead to more aggressive management and treatment. Radiologists should therefore be aware of relevant breast MRI findings. Infiltrating carcinomas, contralateral unsuspected carcinomas, occult carcinomas, false-positive cases and post-chemotherapy changes. Several cases of multiple-site breast carcinomas and their corresponding mammographic, ultrasound and MRI features have been reviewed for this article, in which the definition and differences between multifocal, multicentric and contralateral breast carcinoma are explained and the most relevant imaging findings on MRI are illustrated and correlated with mammogram and ultrasound findings. Finally, the role of breast MRI in the pre-operative assessment of breast cancer is discussed.

scholarly journals Application of Breast Ultrasound Elastography to Differentiate Intracapsular Collection from Silicone-Induced Granuloma of Breast Implant Capsule Complementarily to Contrast-Enhanced Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117822341773799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo de Faria Castro Fleury ◽  
Ana Claudia Gianini ◽  
Veronica Ayres ◽  
Luciana C Ramalho ◽  
Decio Roveda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Breast Implant ◽  
Breast Mri ◽  
Breast Implants ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Solid Lesions

Background: To determine whether there is correlation between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and breast elastography to differentiate seroma/hematoma from silicone-induced granuloma of breast implant capsule (SIGBIC). Methods: Prospective study of 99 patients with breast implants submitted to breast MRI during the period from February 1 to May 1, 2017. Patients who present MRI findings of seroma/hematoma or SIGBIC were submitted to a complementary ultrasound elastography study to evaluate the correlation of the results. The criteria adopted for the diagnosis of granuloma by MRI were heterogeneous hypersignal in the T2-weighted sequences, late contrast enhancement, and black drop sign. Lesions that did not enhance after the use of contrast were considered as seroma/hematoma. By elastography, the results were considered positive for granuloma when presented as hard lesions, whereas seroma/hematoma presented as soft lesions. Results: Of the 99 patients evaluated, 15 were included in the study. Of the 15 patients, 9 had solid intracapsular MRI masses, whereas 6 presented collections without contrast enhancement. The complementary elastography study showed correlation with MRI results in all cases of SIGBIC and seroma/hematoma, being elastography able to differentiate lesions from solid to cystic. Conclusions: Elastography of intracapsular masses in breast implants presented results compatible with those found by MRI to differentiate solid lesions from collections.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Cavitary Choroidal Melanoma

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rebolleda ◽  
M. Suárez Figueroa ◽  
F.J. Muñoz-Negrete ◽  
A. Rocamora
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Choroidal Melanoma ◽  
Solid Mass ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Nevus Of Ota ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Purpose To report the development of a cavitary choroidal melanoma in a patient with nevus of Ota and describe its magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. Patient A 66-year-old man with right oculodermal melanocytosis and an ipsilateral choroidal cavitary melanoma was seen. Diagnosis was suspected on the clinical, ultrasonographic and MRI findings. Results T1-weighted image showed a hyperintense solid mass containing hypointense cystic-like spaces delineated by hyperintense septa with respect to the vitreous. The reverse image was observed on T2-weighted images. A choroidal melanoma comprising epithelioid and spindle cells with multilocular cavities was documented histopathologically. Conclusions There may be an association between cavitary melanoma and nevus of Ota. Characteristic MRI findings could be helpful in the differential diagnosis of cavitary uveal melanoma.

scholarly journals Spectrum of findings on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in patients with neurological manifestations of dengue fever

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejeshwar Singh Jugpal ◽  
Rashmi Dixit ◽  
Anju Garg ◽  
Swati Gupta ◽  
Virendra Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings

Abstract Objective: To describe the spectrum of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with neurological manifestations of dengue. Materials and Methods: We included nine patients with dengue fever (three females and six males; age range, 9–30 years), all of whom presented with neurological manifestations. The MRI examinations, performed in 1.5 T or 3 T scanners, included T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences. Diffusion-weighted imaging with apparent diffusion coefficient mapping was also employed. Fast low-angle shot and susceptibility-weighted gradient-recalled echo sequences, as well as contrast-enhanced T1-weighted scans, were also obtained in order to assess parenchymal enhancement. MRI scans were analyzed for lesion distribution and imaging features. Results: All patients showed areas of altered signal intensity that appeared as hyperintensity on T2-weighted and FLAIR sequences. The most commonly affected site was the basal ganglia-thalamus complex. Other affected sites were the cerebellum, cerebral cortex, white matter, and brainstem. In all cases, we observed patchy areas of restricted diffusion and focal areas of hemorrhage. Conclusion: Dengue encephalitis commonly affects the basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, and white matter. Therefore, MRI should be an indispensable part of the evaluation of patients with neurological complications of dengue fever.

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