scholarly journals Effects of Three-Layer Encapsulated Tea Tree Oil on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Microbiota of Weaned Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixue Wang ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Ling Liu ◽  
Fei Huang ◽  
Bing Dong
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate

Tea tree oil (TTO) exerts key roles in improving growth performance of pigs. However, knowledge is limited regarding comparative effects of Encp TTO and Un-encp TTO supplementation on growth performance of pigs. A study determined the effects of TTO or its capsulation on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbiome of weaned pigs. A total of 144 healthy pigs (8.5 ± 0.24 kg) were subjected to four treatments for a 28-d trial with six replicates per treatment and six pigs per pen: negative control, NC; positive control, PC (antibiotic supplemented); Un-encp TTO (supplemented with unencapsulated TTO); Encp TTO (supplemented with encapsulated TTO). NC, TTO, and PC treatments were compared with regard to improved average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed conversion rate, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal morphology (p < 0.05) and decreased diarrhea rate. TTO- and PC-treated pigs had higher levels of serum superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and immunoglobulin G; lower levels of liver aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase; and improved concentrations of interleukin 10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor α, and IL-1β (p < 0.05). TTO- and PC-treated pigs had higher abundance of beneficial bacterial species Subdoligranulum and lower abundance of diarrhea associated species Escherichia–Shigella in cecal and colonic digesta (p < 0.05). Encapsulation of TTO preserved more activities of TTO than its unencapsulated counterpart by showing higher ADG, ADFI, and feed conversion rate during day 1 (d1) to d14 (p < 0.05) and tended to lower diarrhea rate (p = 0.083) and improve villous height/crypt depth (VH/CD) ratio (p = 0.089) in jejunum. Encapsulation of TTO also improved antioxidant indexes and decreased liver injury and inflammation accordingly (p < 0.05). Encapsulated TTO-treated pigs had higher abundance of beneficial Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and lower the abundance of harmful Escherichia–Shigella in cecal and colonic digesta (p < 0.05). Our results demonstrated TTO benefits on improving growth performance of weaned pigs and further proved that encapsulation of TTO was superior to its unencapsulated counterpart at multiples. Encapsulated TTO was similar to the PC group and could be potentially an alternative of feed antibiotics for weaned pigs.

Effects of tea tree oil supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status and microbial community in weaned pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Gang Zhang ◽  
Jinbiao Zhao ◽  
Wenxuan Dong ◽  
Xiaoming Song ◽  
Jianjun Zang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Tea Tree

scholarly journals Research on the Influence of the Light and Sexing on Growth Performance and Slaughter Results at Young Quails from Mixed Baloteşti Population of Eggs-Meat

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Lucian IONITA ◽  
Elena POPESCU-MICLOSANU ◽  
George NICA ◽  
Cornel Octavian PANA
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
Average Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Group

The purposes of determining the influence of the light and sexing on growth performance and slaughter results atyoung quails from Balotesti population, was organized an experiment on 150 quails, betwen age of 28 and 70 days. The chicks were divided into two groups (control and experimental), and growth and slaughter performance were determined separately by sex. Have studied 2 lighting programs, a program of continous lighting with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (16 L + 8 N, control group) and a program with lighting with asymetric hours intervals with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (10L+2N+6L+6N, experimental group).Males and females from the experimental group were recorded average performance of growth high during the period 28 - 70 days. Live weight at age of 70 days was higher with 7.54 %, average weight gain was higher with 14.86 % and feed conversion rate was lower with 13.51 % at males from experimental group compared to males from the control group. Also, the live weight at the age of 70 days was higher with 18.09 %; average weight gain was higher with 35.12 %, while feed conversion rate was reduced with 30.08 % on females from the experimental group compared to females from the control group.The results of the slaughter at 70 days were superior in the caseof females from the both groups versus males. The average weight of the carcase was higher with 17.53 % in case of the females than that of males from the experimental group, and the carcase yield was 65.37 % at the females and 65.56 % for males. Also, the average weight of the carcase was higher with 5.08 % in case of females compared to that males from the control group, and the carcase yield was 64.20 % to females 66.70 % on males.Superior results recorded in the case of females and males from the experimental group recommended the program of lighting with asymmetric hours intervals in the growth of youth quail. Also, the higher slaughter results recorded in the case of females of the two groups recommended them in the meat production through a broiler of quail that combine advantages in the production of both males and females. 

scholarly journals PSVII-18 The influence of mealworm levels on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and immune response in weaning pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 220-222
Author(s):  
Seung Min Oh ◽  
SeYoung Yoon ◽  
KwangYeol Kim ◽  
Jung Woo Choi ◽  
Abdolreza Hosseindoust ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Weaning Pigs ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The aim of this trial was to determine the optimal supplementation mealworm on growth performance, apparent total tract retention of nutrients, hematological traits, immune response, and intestinal morphology in weaned pigs. A total of 180 weaned pigs (Landrace×Yorkshire×Duroc; 6.27 ± 0.15 kg) were randomly allotted to 3 treatments and 6 replicates on the basis of initial body weight and sex. The dietary treatments included a corn-based diet supplemented with 0, 2.5, or 5 % mealworm in 2 phases (0–14 and 15–28 d). The gain to feed ratio (G:F) was higher in pigs fed 2.5% mealworm compared with 2.5% during the first phase. Overall ADG was improved in pigs fed 2.5% mealworm compared with pigs fed 5% mealworm. No improvement in overall ADFI and G:F were observed. No digestibility responses were observed by adding mealworm to the diet, but the digestibility of DM and GE were tended to be higher in pigs fed 2.5% mealworm compared with control in phase 1. The number of monocytes tended to be increased in pigs fed 5% mealworm. The concentration of plasma IgG was higher in pigs fed mealworm, however, the plasma IL-6 was tended to be decreased when mealworm was added to the diet (P = 0.052). There was no change in intestinal morphology with increasing dietary levels of mealworm. The results showed that the dietary supplementation of 2.5% mealworm had beneficial effects on growth performance and immune system, however, no effects were detected on growth performance when 5% mealworm was added to the diet.

scholarly journals Dietary protease improves growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal morphology of weaned pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangwoo Park ◽  
Jeong Jae Lee ◽  
Boung Mo Yang ◽  
Jin Ho Cho ◽  
Soyun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Weaned Pigs

scholarly journals Effects of stale maize on growth performance, immunity, intestinal morphology and antioxidant capacity in broilers

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Liu ◽  
H.L. Yan ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
Y.D. Hu ◽  
H.F. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Factor Α

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effects of stale maize on growth performance, immunity, intestinal morphology, and antioxidant capacity in broilers.Methods: A total of 800 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers (45.4±0.5 g) were blocked based on body weight, and then allocated randomly to 2 treatments with 20 cages per treatment and 20 broilers per cage in this 6-week experiment. Dietary treatments included a basal diet and diets with 100% of control maize replaced by stale maize.Results: The content of fat acidity value was higher (p<0.05) while the starch, activities of catalase and peroxidase were lower (p<0.05) than the control maize. Feeding stale maize diets reduced (p<0.05) average daily feed intake (ADFI) throughout the experiment, feed conversion ratio (FCR) during d 0 to 21 and the whole experiment as well as relative weight of liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius and thymus (p<0.05) on d 21. Feeding stale maize diets decreased jejunum villus height (VH) and VH/crypt depth (CD) (p<0.05) on d 21 and 42 as well as ileum VH/CD on d 42. The levels of immunoglobulin G, acid α-naphthylacetate esterase positive ratios and lymphocyte proliferation on d 21 and 42 as well as lysozyme activity and avian influenza antibody H<sub>5</sub>N<sub>1</sub> titer on d 21 decreased (p<0.05) by the stale maize. Feeding stale maize diets reduced (p<0.05) serum interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-2 on d 21 and interleukin-6 on d 21 and 42. Broilers fed stale maize diets had lower levels of (p<0.05) total antioxidative capacity on d 42, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase on d 21 and 42, but higher (p<0.05) levels of malondialdehyde on d 21 and 42.Conclusion: Feeding 100% stale maize decreased ADFI and FCR, caused adverse effects on immunity and antioxidant function and altered intestinal morphology in broilers.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Fatty Acid Sources of Diet on Growth Performance of Botia Botia macracanthus Bleeker

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
. Sunarto ◽  
. Sabariah
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate

<p>Fish requires essential fatty acid for growth. Freshwater fish needs linoleat fatty acid (n-6) or combination of linoleat and a-linolenat acids (n-3).  Fish oil contains higher level of n-3, corn oil is rich of n-6, while coconut oil is rich of saturated fatty acids.  This study was conducted to determine the effect of fatty acid sources in diet on growth performance of botia <em>Botia macracanthus</em>. Sources of fatty acid examined were coconut oil (control), corn oil, fish oil, and corn oil + fish oil + coconut oil. The results of study show that daily growth rate of fish fed on diet containing mix of corn-coconut-fish oils (8.39%) and only corn oil (8.15%) was higher (p<0.05) compared to that of fish fed on diet containing fish oil (7.67%) and coconut oil (6.62%).  Feed conversion rate of fish fed on diet containing mix of corn-coconut-fish oils (2.12%) and only corn oil (2.34%) was lower (p<0.05) than that of fish fed on diet containing fish oil (2.97%) and coconut oil (3.74%).  Growth rate and feed conversion rate of fish fed on diet containing mix of corn-coconut-fish oils and only corn oil was similar (p>0.05).  Survival rate of fish at all treatments was similar, ranged from 90.00 to 93.33%.  Thus, the results suggested that diet containing only corn oil is suitable for botia to obtain higher growth rate and lower feed conversion rate.</p> <p>Keywords: fatty acid, growth performance, botia, <em>Botia macracanthus</em></p> <p><br /> ABSTRAK</p> <p>Ikan membutuhkan asam lemak essensial (EFA = Essential Fatty Acid) untuk pertumbuhannya.  Ikan air tawar memerlukan asam lemak linoleat (<em>n</em>-6) atau gabungan asam lemak linoleat (n-6) dan alfa-linolenat (n-3).  Minyak ikan banyak mengandung asam lemak <em>n</em>-3, minyak jagung kaya akan asam lemak n-6, sementara minyak kelapa banyak mengandung asam lemak jenuh.  Sumber asam lemak yang diuji adalah minyak kelapa  (kontrol), minyak jagung, minyak ikan, dan minyak jagung + minyak ikan + minyak kelapa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju pertumbuhan harian ikan botia yang diberi pakan yang mengandung campuran minyak jagung-kelapa-ikan (8,39%) dan minyak jagung (8,15%) saja lebih tinggi (p<0,05) daripada yang diberi pakan mengandung minyak ikan (7,67%) dan minyak kelapa (6,62%).  Nilai konversi pakan pada ikan yang diberi pakan mengandung minyak jagung-kelapa-ikan (2,12%) dan minyak jagung (2,34%) lebih rendah (p<0,05) dibandingkan dengan yang diberi pakan mengandung minyak ikan (2,97%) dan minyak kelapa (3,74%).  Pertumbuhan dan konversi pakan pada ikan yang diberi pakan mengandung campuran ketiga minyak dan hanya minyak jagung adalah tidak berbeda (p>0,05).  Kelangsungan hidup ikan pada semua perlakuan relatif sama, yaitu berkisar antara 90,00-93,33%. Dengan demikian, pakan untuk ikan botia cukup mengandung minyak jagung saja untuk mendapatkan laju pertumbuhan yang tinggi dengan konversi pakan yang rendah.</p> <h2>Kata kunci: asam lemak, kinerja pertumbuhan, ikan botia, <em>Botia macracanthus</em></h2>

Effects of Eco-friendly Multi-enzyme on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, and Nutrient Digestibility of weaned Pigs

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong-Ki Kim ◽  
◽  
Myung-Woo Cho ◽  
Jun-Su Kim ◽  
Ki-Beom Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Weaned Pigs
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