scholarly journals Changes in Soil Erosion Intensity Caused by Land Use and Demographic Changes in the Jablanica River Basin, Serbia

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Gocić ◽  
Slavoljub Dragićević ◽  
Aleksandar Radivojević ◽  
Nataša Martić Bursać ◽  
Ljiljana Stričević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Demographic Changes ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Erosion Coefficient ◽  
Erosion Intensity

The aim of this research is to determine the change in the spatial distribution of erosion intensity in the territory of the Jablanica River Basin in the period 1971–2016 caused by land use and demographic changes. The Erosion Potential Method (EPM) was used to quantify changes in erosion intensity and to estimate the total annual sediment yield. The research results show that the value of the erosion coefficient decreased from 0.432 in 1971 to 0.360 in 2016. Specific annual gross erosion in the Jablanica River Basin was 654.41 m3/km2/year in 1971, while in 2016 it was 472.03 m3/km2/year. The analysis of proportional changes was used to determine demographic changes and land use patterns in the basin area. In terms of the scale and intensity of the erosion process, three types and one sub-type of population dynamics of settlements and land use changes were distinguished, respectively: progressive, stagnant, regressive and dominant regressive. It was concluded that the results show the significance of demographic and land use changes in the control of the intensity of erosion. The Soil Erosion Map may be useful to planners and land use managers to take appropriate decisions for soil conservation in the basin.

scholarly journals Variability of Soil Erosion Intensity Due to Vegetation Cover Changes: Case Study of Orahovacka Rijeka, Montenegro

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gojko NIKOLIC ◽  
Velibor SPALEVIC ◽  
Milic CUROVIC ◽  
Abdulvahed KHALEDI DARVISHAN ◽  
Goran SKATARIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
National Level ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Erosion Intensity

Vegetation cover change in all the river basins leads to the changes of hydrologic response, soil erosion and sediment dynamics characteristics. Those changes are often viewed as main cause of anthropogenic and accelerated erosion rates in short term and one of the main reasons of climate change in long term. The effects of vegetation cover changes on various parts of water balance and hydrological cycle has to be deeply studied because of its important role on mankind future. The aim of present research was therefore to simulate the responses of soil erosion processes by using a process-oriented soil erosion model IntErO, with the different settings of land use for the years 1977, 1987, 1997, 2006 (2007) and 2016 (2017) in Orahovacka Rijeka watershed; a pilot river basin of the Polimlje Region for the northeastern part of Montenegro. For the current state of land use, calculated peak discharge for the Orahovacka Rijeka was 174-175 m3 s-1 (the incidence of 100 years) and there is a possibility for large flood waves to appear in the studied basin. Real soil losses, Gyear, were calculated on 2614-2921 m3 year-1, specific 229-256 m3 km-2 year-1 (1977-2017). The value of Z coefficient range from 0.444 to 0.478 and indicates that the river basin belongs to III destruction category. The strength of the erosion process is medium, and according to the erosion type, it is surface erosion. According to our analysis the land use changes in the last 40 years influenced the increase of the soil erosion intensity for 11% in the study watershed. Further studies should be focused on the detailed analysis of the land use changes trends with the other river basins at the national level, closely following responses of soil erosion to the changed land use structure. The results and approach also should be used by policymakers in all national natural resources organizations to highlight the role of management.

scholarly journals Dynamic Simulation of Land Use Change of the Upper and Middle Streams of the Luan River, Northern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Xu ◽  
Mengxi Guan ◽  
Honglei Jiang ◽  
Lingfei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Use Patterns

Climatic, socio-economic, geophysical, and human activity factors, among others, influence land use patterns. However, these driving factors also have different relationships with each other. Combining machine learning methods and statistical models is a good way to simulate the dominant land use types. The Luan River basin is located in a farming-pastoral transitional zone and is an important ecological barrier between Beijing and Tianjin. In this study, we predicted future land use and land cover changes from 2010 to 2020 in the Luan River’s upper and middle reaches under three scenarios—the natural scenario, the ecological scenario, and the sustainable scenario. The results indicate that cultivated land will decrease while the forested areas will increase quantitatively in the future. Built-up areas would increase quickly in the natural scenario, and augmented expansion of forest would be the main features of land use changes in both the ecological scenario and the sustainable scenario. Regarding the spatial pattern, different land use patterns will be aggregated and patches will become larger. Our findings for the scenario analysis of land use changes can provide a reference case for sustainable land use planning and management in the upper and middle Luan River basin.

scholarly journals Land-Use Changes in the Sele River Basin Landscape (Southern Italy) between 1960 and 2012: Comparisons and Implications for Soil Erosion Assessment

Geographies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-332
Author(s):  
Paolo Magliulo ◽  
Angelo Cusano ◽  
Filippo Russo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Erosion Intensity

In river basins, the deep interrelationships between land-use changes, soil erosion and rivers and shoreline dynamics are clearer than at a national or regional scale. Southern Italy is an ecologically fragile, desertification-prone territory where land-use changes in the last decades were significant. Notwithstanding this, studies dealing with multidecadal land-use changes in large-sized river basins of Southern Italy and their implications on soil erosion are missing. In this study, we assessed the land-use changes that occurred between 1960 and 2012 in the 3245 km2-wide Sele River basin. We carried out GIS-aided comparisons and analysis of two land-use maps and interpreted the results in terms of soil erosion intensity based on a detailed review of the scientific literature. The results confirmed the trend of the inner areas of Italy and, in particular, of the Campania region moving towards more pristine conditions, with an increase in forest cover, mainly at the expense of grasslands. Agricultural areas remained substantially unchanged, while the area of urban settlements increased. The diffuse afforestation of slopes suggested an overall decrease in soil erosion intensity, which was fully coherent with the geomorphological evolution of both the Sele River and local shoreline reported in literature.

scholarly journals The Impact of Land Use Changes on Soil Erosion in the River Basin of Miocki Potok, Montenegro

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2973
Author(s):  
Velibor Spalevic ◽  
Goran Barovic ◽  
Dusko Vujacic ◽  
Milic Curovic ◽  
Morteza Behzadfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
National Level ◽  
River Basins ◽  
The Other ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Erosion Intensity

Land use change in all river basins leads to changes in hydrologic response, soil erosion, and sediment dynamics characteristics. Those changes are often viewed as the main cause of accelerated erosion rates. We studied the impact of land use changes on soil erosion processes in one of the watersheds in Montenegro: the Miocki Potok, using this watershed as a pilot river basin for this area. We simulated responses of soil erosion processes by using a process-oriented soil erosion Intensity of Erosion and Outflow (IntErO) model, with different settings of land use for the years 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020. The model provides fast, effective, and affordable insight into the effects of land use change on soil erosion processes. Testing of the applied procedures was important for the further establishment of watershed management methodologies at the national level, for the other 300 river basins of Montenegro. For the current state of land use, calculated peak discharge for the Miocki Potok was 364 m3 s−1 (2020)–372 m3 s−1 (1970) for the incidence of 100 years, and there is a possibility for large flood waves to appear in the studied basin. Real soil losses, Gyear, were calculated at 13680 m3 year−1 (2020) and specific 333 m3 km−2 year−1 (2020). A Z coefficient value of 0.439 (2020) indicated that the river basin belongs to destruction category III. The strength of the erosion process was medium, and according to the erosion type, it was mixed erosion. According to our analysis, the land use changes in the last 50 years influenced a decrease in the soil erosion intensity for 14% in the Miocki Potok River Basin. Further studies should be focused on the detailed analysis of the land use changes trends with the other river basins at the national level, closely following responses of soil erosion to the changed land use structure, and effects of plant-and-soil interaction on soil erosion and sediment dynamics.

The magnitude of soil erosion of small catchments with different land use patterns under an extreme rainstorm on the Northern Loess Plateau, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Wang ◽  
Juying Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Erosion Intensity

<p>The characteristics of soil erosion under extreme rainstorm conditions can reflect the effect of ecological restoration measures and the rationality of land use patterns in the region. 12 dam-controlled catchments was selected after an extreme rainstorm event occurred in the northern Shaanxi Province on 25-26 July 2017 (called “7.26” rainstorm). Soil erosion intensity in the 12 catchments was obtained by digging up the sedimentation profiles and measuring the sedimentation areas. Using digital orthophoto map and digital terrain model by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle to obtain land-use types and their areas, slope gradients and the distance along the flow path to the edge of the downslope and dam-land. Stepwise regression method was used to analyze the main factors affecting catchment erosion intensity. The results showed that the average sedimentation thickness in the 12 damlands ranged from 0.16 m to 1.67 m and the intensity of soil erosion of the 12 catchments varied from 10295 t km<sup>-2</sup> to 49227 t km<sup>-2</sup>. Soil erosion caused by this rainstorm was 10-50 times of the allowable amount of soil erosion in the Loess Plateau region (1000 t km<sup>-2</sup>.a) issued by Ministry of Water Resource of the People’s Republic of China (MWR). Stepwise regression analysis shows that, the closer the shape of a catchment to the circle is, the larger the area of slope-cropland in inter-gully land is or the closer the distance between slope-cropland and the dam-land is, the larger the erosion modulus in the catchment would be. What’s more, the presence of cement road up the valleys shoulder line reduced the modulus of soil erosion. Theses findings indicated that the existing ecological conditions in the dam-controlled catchments are not able to resist extreme rainstorm erosion effectively. Optimizing the distribution of land use types in catchments should be the focus of soil erosion control.</p>

scholarly journals A comparison between soil loss evaluation index and the C-factor of RUSLE: a case study in the Loess Plateau of China

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 2739-2748 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Zhao ◽  
B. J. Fu ◽  
L. D. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Low Area ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
High Area ◽  
Land Use Types

Abstract. Land use and land cover are most important in quantifying soil erosion. Based on the C-factor of the popular soil erosion model, Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and a scale-pattern-process theory in landscape ecology, we proposed a multi-scale soil loss evaluation index (SL) to evaluate the effects of land use patterns on soil erosion. We examined the advantages and shortcomings of SL for small watershed (SLsw) by comparing to the C-factor used in RUSLE. We used the Yanhe watershed located on China's Loess Plateau as a case study to demonstrate the utilities of SLsw. The SLsw calculation involves the delineations of the drainage network and sub-watershed boundaries, the calculations of soil loss horizontal distance index, the soil loss vertical distance index, slope steepness, rainfall-runoff erosivity, soil erodibility, and cover and management practice. We used several extensions within the geographic information system (GIS), and AVSWAT2000 hydrological model to derive all the required GIS layers. We compared the SLsw with the C-factor to identify spatial patterns to understand the causes for the differences. The SLsw values for the Yanhe watershed are in the range of 0.15 to 0.45, and there are 593 sub-watersheds with SLsw values that are lower than the C-factor values (LOW) and 227 sub-watersheds with SLsw values higher than the C-factor values (HIGH). The HIGH area have greater rainfall-runoff erosivity than LOW area for all land use types. The cultivated land is located on the steeper slope or is closer to the drainage network in the horizontal direction in HIGH area in comparison to LOW area. The results imply that SLsw can be used to identify the effect of land use distribution on soil loss, whereas the C-factor has less power to do it. Both HIGH and LOW areas have similar soil erodibility values for all land use types. The average vertical distances of forest land and sparse forest land to the drainage network are shorter in LOW area than that in HIGH area. Other land use types have shorter average vertical distances in HIGH area than that LOW area. SLsw has advantages over C-factor in its ability to specify the subwatersheds that require the land use patterns optimization by adjusting the locations of land uses to minimize soil loss.

scholarly journals Modeling the Impacts of Land Use Changes on Soil Erosion at the River Basin Scale

10.5109/27370 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-387
Author(s):  
Yanna Xiong ◽  
Guoqiang Wang ◽  
Yanguo Teng ◽  
Kyoichi Otsuki
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
River Basin Scale ◽  
Basin Scale

scholarly journals The Impacts of Land Use Patterns on Water Quality in a Trans-Boundary River Basin in Northeast China Based on Eco-Functional Regionalization

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peixuan Cheng ◽  
Fansheng Meng ◽  
Yeyao Wang ◽  
Lingsong Zhang ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Flow Region ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Degraded Water Quality

The relationships between land use patterns and water quality in trans-boundary watersheds remain elusive due to the heterogeneous natural environment. We assess the impact of land use patterns on water quality at different eco-functional regions in the Songhua River basin during two hydrological seasons in 2016. The partial least square regression indicated that agricultural activities associated with most water quality pollutants in the region with a relative higher runoff depth and lower altitude. Intensive grazing had negative impacts on water quality in plain areas with low runoff depth. Forest was related negatively with degraded water quality in mountainous high flow region. Patch density and edge density had major impacts on water quality contaminants especially in mountainous high flow region; Contagion was related with non-point source pollutants in mountainous normal flow region; landscape shape index was an effective indicator for anions in some eco-regions in high flow season; Shannon’s diversity index contributed to degraded water quality in each eco-region, indicating the variation of landscape heterogeneity influenced water quality regardless of natural environment. The results provide a regional based approach of identifying the impact of land use patterns on water quality in order to improve water pollution control and land use management.

Generating Policies for Sustainable Water Use in Complex Scenarios: An Integrated Land-Use and Water-Use Model of Monroe County, Michigan

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 664-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moira L Zellner
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Monroe County ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Water Users

Rapidly declining groundwater levels since the early 1990s have raised serious concern in Monroe County, Michigan. Hydrological studies suggest that land-use changes have caused this decline. The mechanisms linking land-use and groundwater dynamics are not clear, however. In this paper I present WULUM, the Water-Use and Land-Use Model, an agent-based model that serves as an analytical framework to understand how these processes interact to create the observed patterns of resource depletion, and to suggest policies to reverse the process. The land-use component includes the main groundwater extractors in the county—stone quarries, golf courses, farms, and households. The groundwater component includes the glacial deposits and the underlying bedrock acquifer. The behavior of water users is defined by simple rules that determine their location and consumption. The dynamics of groundwater are represented through infiltration and diffusion rules between each cell and its immediate neighbors. Initial explorations with the model showed that land-use patterns contributed significantly to groundwater declines, while eliminating quarry dewatering did not entirely solve the problem. Both low-density and high-density zoning restrictions improved aquifer conditions over medium-density development, suggesting a nonlinear relationship between intensity of residential use and groundwater levels. Moreover, of all the natural and policy variables, zoning had the greatest influence on urban settlement and therefore on resource consumption.

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