scholarly journals Improvement in Photosynthetic Rate and Grain Yield in Super-High-Yield Maize (Zea mays L.) by Optimizing Irrigation Interval under Mulch Drip Irrigation

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1778
Author(s):  
Dongping Shen ◽  
Guoqiang Zhang ◽  
Ruizhi Xie ◽  
Bo Ming ◽  
Peng Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Maize Grain

High yield is one of the important goals of crop production, and close planting and optimum irrigation systems are important agronomic practices for increasing maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield. However, little is known about the effect of optimal irrigation interval on the photosynthetic rate (Pn) and dry matter accumulation (DM) of closely planted super-high-yield maize under drip irrigation under mulch. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of irrigation interval on the leaf Pn, DM, and grain yield of closely planted super-high-yield maize under mulch drip irrigation in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Northwestern China. A field experiment was conducted using three irrigation intervals in 2016—namely, six days (D6), nine days (D9), and 12 days (D12)—and five irrigation intervals in 2017—namely, three days (D3), six days (D6), nine days (D9), 12 days (D12), and 15 days (D15). The Xianyu 335 high-yield maize hybrid was used in the test; the planting density was set to 12×104 plants ha−1, and an optimal irrigation quota of 540 mm was used. The results showed that during the irrigation period, (1) the soil moisture content (SMC), DM, leaf Pn, and grain yield of treatment D6 were higher than for other irrigation intervals, (2) the leaf Pn and stomatal conductance (GS) of the leaves of treatments D3, D9, D12, and D15 were significantly correlated with the SMC of the 0–40 cm soil layer, and (3) the leaf Pn of treatment D6 was significantly positively correlated with SMC in the 0–60 cm soil layer but not significantly correlated with GS. Irrigation treatment D6 was found to maintain high SMC, provide a water environment favorable to the growth of maize, and increase the leaf Pn and DM, and thereby obtain maize grain yield (20.6–21.0 t ha−1). Therefore, an optimal irrigation interval could be beneficial for adjusting soil moisture, leaf Pn, and DM in order to increase maize grain yield with drip irrigation under mulch.

scholarly journals Performance of Maize (Zea mays [L.]) as Influenced by Row Arrangement and Cow dung Rates Grown in Intercrop with Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus [L.]) in Sudan Savanna

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
I. J. Dantata ◽  
B. K. Adam ◽  
B. H. Kabura
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Sudan Savanna ◽  
Plot Design

Field trials were carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria during the 2014 and 2015 rainy seasons to study the performance of maize in maize/watermelon intercrop under varied row arrangements and cow dung rates in a Sudan Savanna Agro-ecology. The treatments consisted of factorial combinations of three row arrangements of maize: watermelon (1:1,1:2 and 2:1) and five levels of cow dung rates (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20t per ha) laid out in a split plot design and replicated three times. Cow dung was assigned to the main plots while row arrangements were assigned to the sub plots. The parameters of maize studied were: number of cobs per plant, cob length, cob diameter, 100 grain weight and grain yield per ha. The results showed that 1:2 row arrangement gave significantly greater cob diameter of maize. While 2:1 row arrangement gave significantly higher maize grain yield per ha. Application of 10t cow dung per ha to the mixture was found to be optimum for the maize grain yield per ha. The interaction or combination of 2:1 row arrangement and 10t cow dung per ha was optimum for the grain yield per ha. Based on the results of the present study, 2:1 row arrangement with application of 10t cow dung per ha should be adopted for growing of maize in intercrop with watermelon in the Sudan Savanna environment.

scholarly journals Yield Stability Analysis of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Using Parametric and AMMI Methods

Scientifica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Seyed Habib Shojaei ◽  
Khodadad Mostafavi ◽  
Ali Omrani ◽  
Saeed Omrani ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Nasir Mousavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Ammi Analysis ◽  
The Stability

The present study investigated the stability and adaptability of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids. In this study, 12 maize hybrids were planted and examined considering the grain yield. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in four research stations in Iran during two crop years. The combined analysis of variance showed that genotype-environment interactions were significant at one percent probability level. The grain yield can stabilize, and hybrids with specific adaptability are recommended to each environment. Hybrids with specific adaptability can be recommended to all types of the environment. Means comparison yield of the genotypes identified DC370 as a high-yield genotype. Regarding AMMI analysis, genotype × environment interactions (GEIs) and two first components were found significant. The SC647 genotype was identified as the most stable genotype. Regarding the stability parameters, SC647 and KSC705 genotypes were selected as the most stable genotypes. From AMMI1 and AMMI2 graphs, the SC647 genotype was identified as the most stable genotype compared with other hybrids.

Straw Mulching under a Drip Irrigation System Improves Maize Grain Yield and Water Use Efficiency

Crop Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 2806-2819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoyuan Zhou ◽  
Di Ma ◽  
Xuefang Sun ◽  
Zaisong Ding ◽  
Congfeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Straw Mulching ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Maize Grain

scholarly journals Effect of Intercropping Dates of Lablab (Lablab purpureus L.) with Maize (Zea mays L.) on Forage and Maize Grain Yields

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Meseret Redae ◽  
Desta Tekle
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Maize Grain

This study was conducted to evaluate effect of intercropping dates of lablab (Lablab purpureus L.) with maize (Zea mays L.) on forage and maize grain yields. It was carried out at Gereb Giba in Tanqua Abergelle district, Tigray, Ethiopia. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments and four replications were used. The treatments were sole maize sown (T1) and lablab sown at 10, 20 and 30 days after emergence of maize for T2, T3 and T4 respectively. Intercropping did not affect height and days for 50% flowering of lablab. Similarly, it was not affected height and days for physiological maturity of maize. Lablab forage yield was significantly greater (p<0.01) in T2 and T3 than T4. Maize Stover dry matter (DM) yield was similar among treatments while total forage DM yield was significantly higher (p<0.0001) in T2, T3 and T4 than T1. Moreover, among the intercrops, total forage yield was significantly highest (p<0.0001) for T2 compared to T4 but similar in T2 and T3. Maize grain yield was significantly superior (P<0.0001) in T2 and T3 compared to T1 and T4. Though, T2 and T3 had similarity in all parameters measured, T2 provided higher forage and maize grain yields than T1 and T4. Therefore, lablab intercropping at 10 days after emergence of maize is appropriate in Tanqua Abergelle district and other areas with similar agro ecologies.

scholarly journals Soil Tillage Management Affects Maize Grain Yield by Regulating Spatial Distribution Coordination of Roots, Soil Moisture and Nitrogen Status

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e0129231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinbing Wang ◽  
Baoyuan Zhou ◽  
Xuefang Sun ◽  
Yang Yue ◽  
Wei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Nitrogen Status ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Maize Grain

scholarly journals Assessment stability of maize lines yield by GGE-biplot analysis

Genetika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Bozovic ◽  
Tomislav Zivanovic ◽  
Vera Popovic ◽  
Mladen Tatic ◽  
Zagorka Gospavic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maize Grain

Maize genotypes have varied reactions in different localities, years, treatments or the combination of these factors, due to genotype x year interaction. The objective of this study was to estimate genotype by locality, by year, by treatments (G?L?Y?T) interaction using AMMI model, to identify maize genotypes with stable and high yield performance in different growing seasons. The trials with seven maize lines/genotypes were conducted during two years (2010-2011) at the four treatments and two locations: Pan?evo and Zemun Polje. The results showed that the influence of: genotype (G), locality (L), treatment (T) and G?L, G?T, Y?L, Y?T, L?T, G?Y?T, G?L?T, Y?L?T, G?Y?L?T interaction, on maize yield were significant (p<0.01). The share of genotype for maize grain yield in the total phenotypic variance was 21.16%, the aggregate share of the years and the locality was 6.10%, the treatment was 18.22%, and the total interaction was 54.52%. The AMMI analysis of the main components of IPCA1 and IPCA2 for the interaction of G?L and G?T shows that the first major component, IPCA1, comprises 100% of the sum of the squared interaction G?L and showed a statistically significant effect. The results also show that the sums of the squares of the first and second major components (PC1 and PC2) constitute 100% of the sum of the squared interaction G?L. The IPCA1 share in the G?T interaction was 47.39% and the IPC2 was 37.94%. IPC1 and IPC2 for this interaction was 85.33%. A high level of IPC2 indicates a significant treatment effect. The results of AMI analysis show that there is a significant difference between the genotype reactions to different ecological conditions for investigated factors. It also provided better insight in specific association between maize grain yield, locality, treatment and meteorological variables. Among the tested maize lines/genotypes, L-5, L-4 and L-6 could be separated as highest yielding genotypes, however L-5 could be recommended for further breeding program and in large-scale seed production due to its stable and high yielding performance.

scholarly journals Can Cowpea Intercropped Maize-Based System with Inclusion of Short Cycle Winter Crop through Soil Moisture Conservation Practices Enhance Crop, Water, Energy Productivity and Soil Health under Long Term Organic Management?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghavendra Singh ◽  
Subhash Babu ◽  
R.K. Avasthe ◽  
Gulab Singh Yadav ◽  
Anup Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Short Cycle ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Moisture Conservation ◽  
Winter Crops ◽  
Maize Grain

Organic farming has positive, impact on environment, soil health, and healthy food quality. Worldwide demand for organic foods is increasing by leaps and bounds in recent years. The present investigation was undertaken during 2014 to 2018 to evaluate the effect of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) co-culture with maize (Zea mays L.) on productivity enhancement over prevailing maize-fallow system, and to assess the feasibility of inclusion of short duration winter crops after maize with appropriate residue management practices on productivity and soil health. The experiment comprised of six cropping systems in main plot and three soil moisture conservation (SMC) measures options in sub plot. Results indicated that the inclusion of second crop in place of fallow and cowpea co-culture with maize increased average maize grain yield by 6.2 to 23.5% as compared to that of maize-fallow (MF). Use of maize stover mulch (MSM) + weed biomass mulch (WBM) increases maize grain yield by 19.1 and 6.5% over those of MSM and no mulch (NM), respectively. Various soil moisture conservation (SMC) measures had significant (p=0.05) effect on crop yields and water productivity. Double cropping system had significantly (p=0.05) higher amount of soil available NPK, soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and dehydrogenase activity (DHA) at 0-15 cm and at 15-30 cm depth than those under MF. The SWC measures of MSM+WBM had significantly higher available N, SOC, and MBC by 5.5, 4.8 and 8.1% than those under NM, respectively. Correspondingly, soils under MSM and MSM+WBM had 2.24 and 2.99% lower bulk density (&rho;b) in 0-15 cm and 2.21 and 2.94% lower &rho;b in 15-30 cm than that of NM. The energy use efficiency (EUE) was significantly higher under MCV (7.90%) over rest of the cropping sequences. MSM+WBM and MSM recorded 25.1 and 16.6% higher net energy over NM, respectively. The net return (INR 159.99&times;103/ha) and B:C ratio (2.86) were significantly higher with MCV system followed by MCR cropping sequence. MSM+WBM had significantly higher net return (INR 109.44&times;103/h), B:C ratio (2.46) over those under MSM (INR 97.6&times;103/h) and NM (INR 78.61&times;103/h). Overall the cowpea co-culture with maize and inclusion of short cycle winter crops along with MSM+WBM in maize-based cropping systems was found productive in terms of crop and water, profitable, energy efficient and sustained the soil health.

scholarly journals Variability and traits association in maize (Zea mays L.) for yield and yield associated characters

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
A Ferdoush ◽  
MA Haque ◽  
MM Rashid ◽  
MAA Bari
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Cereal Crop ◽  
Breeding Programs

Maize (Zea mays L.) is world’s third most important cereal crop that has a remarkable productive potential in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, maize is the second most important cereal crop in terms of production. The selection for high yield with desirable traits depends on the genetic variability in the existing germplasm. Successful breeding programs need adequate genetic variation for selection and improvement based on necessity. The research was conducted in the experimental farm of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during November 2015 to April 2016. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of 20 maize genotypes based on their yield and yield contributing characters to determine existing genetic variability. The extrapolated ANOVA for different yield contributing parameters showed a high degree of variation among the genotypes used. Correlation co-efficient analysis revealed that yield plant−1 (g) had positive and significant association with ear girth (cm), 1000-kernel weight (g), yield plot−1 (g), grain yield   (tha−1) with dry weight. The genotypes differed significantly for most of the phenotypic traits. The phenotypic co-efficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) in all traits studied indicating that those traits were interacted with the environment. The traits under study expressed wide heritability estimates (26.81% to 99.95%). Among the characters, highest heritability was recorded for 1000-kernel weight (g). High heritability along with high genetic advance was noticed for 1000-kernel weight (g), yield plot−1 (g)and grain yield (tha−1). Considering different desirable traits P-12, Popcorn, V90-1, 988 were observed as superior genotypes. The data would be useful for proper identification and selection of appropriate parents in breeding programs to develop new maize varieties.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(2): 193-198, December 2017

Multisplit Nitrogen Application via Drip Irrigation Improves Maize Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

Crop Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 1687-1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoyuan Zhou ◽  
Xuefang Sun ◽  
Zaisong Ding ◽  
Wei Ma ◽  
Ming Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Maize Grain
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