scholarly journals Crop Establishment and Weed Control Options for Sustaining Dry Direct Seeded Rice Production in Eastern India

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjoy Saha ◽  
Sushmita Munda ◽  
Sudhanshu Singh ◽  
Virender Kumar ◽  
Hemant Kumar Jangde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Establishment Method ◽  
Control Options ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Direct Seeded

Dry direct seeded rice (DSR) has emerged as an economically viable alternative to puddled transplanted rice to address emerging constraints of labor and water scarcity and the rising cost of cultivation. However, wide adoption of DSR is seriously constrained by weed management trade-off. Therefore, the availability of effective weed control options is critical for the success and wide-scale adoption of DSR. A field study was conducted at ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India, in the dry seasons of 2015 and 2016 to evaluate the performance of three crop establishment methods and five weed control practices on weed management, productivity, profitability and energetics of dry DSR. The results demonstrated that weed density and weed dry weight was lower in drill seeding than broadcast seeding by 26–36% and manual line-seeding by 16–24%, respectively, at 30 and 60 days after crop emergence (DAE). Among herbicides, post-emergence application (17 DAE) of azimsulfuron was most effective in controlling weeds compared to early post application of bispyribac-sodium and bensulfuron-methyl+pretilachlor. Weed competition in the weedy check treatment resulted 58% reduction in rice yield. Among establishment methods, drill-seeding was most profitable with US $ 685 ha−1 higher net income than broadcast seeding primarily due to higher yield. Among weed control treatments, azimsulfuron was most profitable resulting in US $ 160 and 736 ha−1 higher net income than weed free and weedy check, respectively. The specific energy was lowest for drill seeding among establishment method and azimsulfuron among weed control practices, suggesting lowest energy consumed in producing per unit of grain yield.

scholarly journals Weed control efficiency and weed index as influenced by weed management practices in machine transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1947-1952
Author(s):  
R. B. Negalur ◽  
A. S. Halepyati
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Row Space

Field experiment on effect of different weed management practices in machine transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.) was conducted at ARS, Gangavathi, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka during kharif, 2012 and 2013 under irrigated condition in clay soil. Pooled mean indicated that, application of butachlor 50 EC fb passing of power operated low land rice weeder twice at 20 and 30 DAT with hand weeding in intra row space recorded significantly lower grassy weed population and dry weight at 40, 60 DAT and at harvest (1.98, 2.47, 2.97/0.25 m2 and 1.00, 1.20, 1.47 g /0.25 m2, respectively), sedge weed population and dry weight (2.61, 3.21, 3.52 /0.25 m2 and 1.19, 1.48, 1.71 g /0.25 m2, respectively) and broad leaved weed population and dry weight (1.68, 2.10, 2.52 / 0.25 m2 and 0.91, 1.06, 1.28 g /0.25 m2, respectively). Significantly higher WCE (87.53%), lower weed index (3.11 %), grain and straw yield (5160 and 6482 kg ha-1, respectively), gross and net returns (Rs. 92,212 and 50,410 ha-1, respectively), and B:C of 2.22 over unweeded check. Hence, application of butachlor 50 EC fb passing of power operated low land rice weeder at 20 and 30 DAT with hand weeding in intra row space was found to be the best weed control method as it recorded higher B:C. Present conventional manual weeding is which is not advantageous as it is costlier, time consuming and labour may trample and damage rice seedlings. Mechanical weeder and sequential application can overcome the same.

Evaluation of flucetosulfuron and ready-mix of penoxsulam + bentazone as post-emergent weed control options in direct seeded and transplanted rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajender Singh Chhokar ◽  
Ramesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Subhash Chander Gill ◽  
Ankur Chaudhary ◽  
Ram Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Control Options ◽  
Direct Seeded

scholarly journals Effect of Row Spacing and Weed Management Practices on the Performance of Aerobic Rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
M. Ali ◽  
H.M.U. Farooq ◽  
S. Sattar ◽  
T. Farooq ◽  
I. Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Aerobic Rice ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Direct Seeded

Abstract Direct-seeded rice alternative to transplanted rice system is less labor intensive, easier to plant, and consume less water. The advantages of direct-seeded rice have been proved by many research workers, but yet it is not very much adapted by farmers. Weeds reduce cost effectiveness of direct-seeded rice. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different row spacing and weed management practices on the performance of aerobic rice at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, during summer season of 2013. Fine rice variety ‘Super Basmati’ was used for experiment in a randomized complete block design with factorial arrangements with three replications. Hand drill sowing with row spacing comprised 15 cm, 22.5 cm, and 30 cm was practiced. Weed scouting hoeing (hand pulling is weed free treatment for comparison with the others and hoeing is a type of mechanical weeding) and pre-emergence herbicide, followed by post-emergence herbicide, were the weed management practices. Weeds data and rice yield parameters were measured. Maximum reduction in weed density (86%) and weed dry weight (79%) was recorded for pre-emergence, followed by for post-emergence herbicide in crop sown at 15 cm row spacing.

scholarly journals Weed Dynamics and Productivity of Direct Wet Seeded Rice under Different Weed Management Practices

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vasantha Kokilam ◽  
S. Rathika ◽  
T. Ramesh ◽  
M. Baskar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Weed Dynamics ◽  
Hand Weeding

Background: Weeds are the major biotic constraint to reduce the rice productivity in direct wet seeded rice. Weed infestation and competition are severe in direct wet seeded rice as compared to transplanted rice, because of the simultaneous growth of both crops and weeds. The yield loss due to weeds varies from 40 to 100 per cent in direct seeded rice. Use of herbicides either singly or in combination with manual or mechanical weeding in puddled direct seeded rice has been highlighted by several workers. Use of alternative herbicides with wide spectrum control of the weeds in direct seeded puddled rice is the need of the present time. The present study aimed to evaluate different weed management practices in direct wet seeded rice under sodic soil.Methods: A field experiment was conducted during Samba season (Rabi) 2016-17. to evaluate the weed management practices in direct wet seeded rice under sodic soil. The treatments comprised of different combination of weed management practices viz., pre emergence, early post emergence herbicides, mechanical weeding and hand weeding twice were tested. Total weed density and weed dry weight, weed control efficiency, yield parameters and yield of rice were recorded. Result: Among the different weed management practices, the lowest total weed density, total weed dry weight and higher WCE, yield attributes, grain and straw yields were registered under application of PE pyrazosulfuron ethyl 25 g/ha fb EPOE bispyribac sodium 25 g/ha. This was followed by application of PE pretilachlor 0.75 kg/ha fb EPOE bispyribac sodium 25 g/ha. 

Maize MAIZE YIELD AS AFFECTED BY METHODS OF TILLAGE AND WEED MANAGEMEMNT

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Haseeb Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Maize Crop

An experiment entitled: Maize yield as affected by methods of tillage and weed control methods was conducted at Agronomy Research Farms, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. The study was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement having four replications. Tillage practices 1) Chisel plough + rotavator 2) Mouldboard plough + rotavator 3) Cultivator + rotavator and 4) Rotavator were assigned to main plots. Weed management practices included 1) Control, 2) Hoeing 15 days after sowing 3) Hoeing 15 and 30 days after sowing 4) Hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing, and 4) Herbicide (nicosulfuron) were kept into the subplots. The results revealed that chisel plough + rotavator has significantly reduced weeds m-2 (122, 101 and 125 weeds m-2), weeds fresh weight (19.73 g m-2, 116.35 g m-2 and 252.56 g m-2) and weeds dry weight (6.83 g m-2, 38.69 g m-2 and 80.61 g m-2) at 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing, respectively. The operation of chisel plough + rotavator has produced tallest plants (221.22 cm) with maximum grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3586 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (78.14%). Among weed control methods, hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing revealed maximum plant height (226.41 cm), grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3604 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (79.11%). All weed control methods have showed significant reduction in weeds m-2, weeds fresh weight and weeds dry weight. Interaction was also found significant for weeds m-2 at 60 DAS and grain yield of maize. Lowest weeds (56 weeds m-2) at 60 DAS and highest grain yield (4569 kg ha-1) was recorded when seedbed was prepared with chisel plough + rotavator with 3 hoeings (hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing). It is concluded that treatment of chisel plough + rotavator and hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing has significantly produced maximum grain yield of maize crop.

scholarly journals The Effect of Different Weed Management Strategies on the Growth and Yield of Direct-Seeded Dry Rice (Oryza sativa)

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. MUHAMMAD ◽  
I. MUHAMMAD ◽  
A. SAJID ◽  
L. MUHAMMAD ◽  
A. MAQSHOOF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Hand Weeding

Weed management is a primary concern in direct seeded rice (DSR) cropping because weed growth becomes a major constraint on crop yield. A two year field study was set up to evaluate the effect of various weed control measures on crop growth, grain yield and grain quality of DSR. The experiment involved five different weed control measures: hand weeding, hoeing, inter-row tine cultivation, inter-row spike hoeing and herbicide treatment (Nominee 100 SC). The extent of weed control (compared to a non-weeded control) ranged from 50-95%. The highest crop yield was obtained using hand weeding. Hand weeding, tine cultivation and herbicide treatment raised the number of fertile rice tillers formed per unit area and the thousand grain weight. Tine cultivation provided an effective and economical level of weed control in the DSR crop.

Effect of crop establishment methods and weed control treatments on weed management, and rice yield

2015 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 72-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhagirath Singh Chauhan ◽  
Tahir Hussain Awan ◽  
Seth Bernard Abugho ◽  
Gio Evengelista ◽  
Sudhir-Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Crop Establishment
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