scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Exposure to Equine Coronavirus in Apparently Healthy Horses in Israel

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 894
Author(s):  
Gili Schvartz ◽  
Sharon Tirosh-Levy ◽  
Samantha Barnum ◽  
Dan David ◽  
Asaf Sol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Multivariable Model ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Healthy Carriers ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Equine coronavirus (ECoV) infection is the cause of an emerging enteric disease of adult horses. Outbreaks have been reported in the USA, EU and Japan, as well as sporadic cases in the UK and Saudi Arabia. Infection of ECoV in horses in Israel has never been reported, and the risk of exposure is unknown. Importation and exportation of horses from and into Israel may have increased the exposure of horses in Israel to ECoV. While the disease is mostly self-limiting, with or without supportive treatment, severe complications may occur in some animals, and healthy carriers may pose a risk of infection to other horses. This study was set to evaluate the risk of exposure to ECoV of horses in Israel by using a previously validated, S1-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 41 out of 333 horses (12.3%) were seropositive. Exposure to ECoV was detected in 17 of 29 farms (58.6%) and the seroprevalence varied between 0 and 37.5% amongst farms. The only factor found to be significantly associated with ECoV exposure in the multivariable model was the geographical area (p < 0.001). ECoV should be included in the differential diagnosis list of pathogens in cases of adult horses with anorexia, lethargy, fever and gastrointestinal signs in Israel.

The Epidemiology of Human Cryptosporidiosis and the Water Route of Infection

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Casemore
Keyword(s):  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
The Uk

Cryptosporidium, a protozoan parasite, has emerged during the 1980s as a common cause of gastroenteritis in otherwise healthy subjects and of potentially life-threatening infection in the immunocompromised. The parasite, a member of the coccidia, has a complex life-cycle resulting in the production of an environmentally hardy stage, the oocyst, excreted in the faeces. Cryptosporidium parvum infects a wide range of host species including man and his livestock animals. The epidemiology is complex with both direct and indirect routes of transmission. Environmental contamination may result in dissemination of the infection by the water route. Such water may meet current microbiological and other standards. The oocysts are remarkably resistent to most disinfectants including chlorine but sensitive to ozone. Water may provide the vehicle of infection for sporadic cases and outbreaks, some involving thousands of consumers. Such outbreaks have been identified in the USA and in the UK.

scholarly journals Radon concentrations in abandoned mines, Cumbria, UK: safety implications for industrial archaeologists

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1311-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gillmore ◽  
H. Alizadeh Gharib ◽  
A. Denman ◽  
P. Phillips ◽  
D. Bridge
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
Abandoned Mines ◽  
Fracture Zones ◽  
Radon Exposure ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Mining History ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Copper Ores ◽  
Radon Risk

Abstract. This paper presents a number of surveys performed in a geographical area of the UK, part of which until recently was considered low radon risk. The Cumbrian region was identified by the Building Research Establishment (BRE) in its 1999 guide as an area without a significant radon problem in the built environment. The geology of the region, which includes the Northern Pennine Orefield is varied, but consists of granites, andesites, tuffs, carbonates, sandstones and shales. Mineralisation has taken place (mostly lead and copper ores) primarily along fault and fracture zones, one example being Copper Valley, northwest of Coniston village. This work quantifies the risk of exposure to radon in a number of abandoned mine environments. High radon levels, up to 28 589 Bq m−3, have been measured in parts of one mine. This study demonstrates that industrial archaeologists (such as the Cumbrian Amenity Trust Mining History Society or CATMHS members) and explorers of abandoned mines can be at risk from radon exposure and it proposes a management scheme to allow industrial archaeologists to continue exploration whilst minimising the risk to health from radon.

An early mainstream economist from Hungary: István Varga (1897–1962)

2003 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Majoros
Keyword(s):  
Austrian Economic ◽  
National Income ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Turbulent Times ◽  
The Usa ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Economic Thinking ◽  
Lasting Influence

The study introduces a Hungarian economic thinker, István Varga*, whose valuable activity has remained unexplored up to now. He became an economic thinker during the 1920s, in a country that had not long before become independent of Austria. The role played by Austria in the modern economic thinking of that time was a form of competition with the thought adhered to by the UK and the USA. Hungarian economists mainly interpreted and commented on German and Austrian theories, reasons for this being that, for example, the majority of Hungarian economists had studied at German and Austrian universities, while at Hungarian universities principally German and Austrian economic theories were taught. István Varga was familiar not only with contemporary German economics but with the new ideas of Anglo-Saxon economics as well — and he introduced these ideas into Hungarian economic thinking. He lived and worked in turbulent times, and historians have only been able to appreciate his activity in a limited manner. The work of this excellent economist has all but been forgotten, although he was of international stature. After a brief summary of Varga’s profile the study will demonstrate the lasting influence he has had in four areas — namely, business cycle research and national income estimations, the 1946 Hungarian stabilisation program, corporate profit, and consumption economics — and will go on to summarise his most important achievements.

Neurosurgical activity during COVID-19 pandemic: an experts' opinion from China, South Korea, Italy, the USA, Colombia, and the UK

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco M. Fontanella ◽  
Giorgio Saraceno ◽  
Ting Lei ◽  
Joshua B. Bederson ◽  
Namkyu You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

Benchmarking Risk Analysis Practice in the International Water Sector

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.H. MacGillivray ◽  
P.D. Hamilton ◽  
S.E. Hrudey ◽  
L. Reekie ◽  
S.J.T Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Water Sector ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The Usa ◽  
International Water ◽  
Practical Guidance ◽  
The Uk

Risk analysis in the water utility sector is fast becoming explicit. Here, we describe application of a capability model to benchmark the risk analysis maturity of a sub-sample of eight water utilities from the USA, the UK and Australia. Our analysis codifies risk analysis practice and offers practical guidance as to how utilities may more effectively employ their portfolio of risk analysis techniques for optimal, credible, and defensible decision making.

Emergent and Adaptive Spiritualities in the Twentieth Century

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Lord
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Church Life ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

This chapter points to the ‘pluralization of the lifeworld’ involved in globalization as a key context for changing dissenting spiritualities through the twentieth century. These have included a remarkable upsurge in Spirit-movements that fall under categories such as Pentecostal, charismatic, neo-charismatic, ‘renewalist’, and indigenous Churches. Spirit language is not only adaptive to globalized settings, but brings with it eschatological assumptions. New spiritualities emerge to disrupt existing assumptions with prophetic and often critical voices that condemn aspects of the existing culture, state, and church life. This chapter outlines this process of disruption of the mainstream in case studies drawn from the USA, the UK, India, Africa, and Indonesia, where charismaticized Christianity has emerged and grown strongly in often quite resistant broader cultures.

The political background to arts in health

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Fancourt
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Health Departments ◽  
Arts Funding ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Policy And Strategy ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Political Background ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Arts In Health

In recent decades, there has been an increasing number of national policy and strategy papers discussing arts in health in countries around the world. Some of this activity has been driven by national arts bodies, championing the value of the arts in health and wellbeing and advocating for their inclusion within core arts funding and practice. Other activity has been led by health bodies, including health departments within governments and health services themselves. This chapter explores some of the most influential documents and considers their implication for research and practice. It draws on case studies of activity within Ireland, the UK, the USA, Australia, and Nordic countries.

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