scholarly journals Induction of Serum Amyloid A3 in Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cells Stimulated with Lipopolysaccharide and Lipoteichoic Acid

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1548
Author(s):  
Sato Kamiya ◽  
Kaori Shimizu ◽  
Ayaka Okada ◽  
Yasuo Inoshima
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelium ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Mouse Mammary Epithelium

In this study, to establish whether serum amyloid A (SAA) 3 plays a role in the defense against bacterial infection in mouse mammary epithelium, normal murine mammary gland (NMuMG) epithelial cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA). LPS and LTA significantly enhanced mRNA expression level of the Saa3 gene, whereas no significant change was observed in the Saa1 mRNA level. Furthermore, LPS induced SAA3 protein expression more strongly than LTA, whereas neither LPS nor LTA significantly affected SAA1 protein expression. These data indicate that the expression of SAA3 in mouse mammary epithelial cells was increased by the stimulation with bacterial antigens. SAA3 has been reported to stimulate neutrophils in the intestinal epithelium and increase interleukin-22 expression, which induces activation of the innate immune system and production of antibacterial proteins, such as antimicrobial peptides. Therefore, collectively, these data suggest that SAA3 is involved in the defense against bacterial infection in mouse mammary epithelium.

scholarly journals Induction of Serum Amyloid A Genes Is Associated with Growth and Apoptosis of HC11 Mammary Epithelial Cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoonjung KHO ◽  
Sungchan KIM ◽  
Byung Sun YOON ◽  
Jai-Hee MOON ◽  
Bona KIM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Amyloid A

Enhancement of milk protein expression in mammary epithelial cells via co-culturing with preadipocyte cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 556-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Young Lee ◽  
Hyun-Jung Park ◽  
Joon Mo Yeo ◽  
Ha Yeon Jeong ◽  
Hyuk Song
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelial

scholarly journals Conditional Deletion of β-Catenin in Mammary Epithelial Cells of Ron Receptor, Mst1r, Overexpressing Mice Alters Mammary Tumorigenesis

Endocrinology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (6) ◽  
pp. 2735-2746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnima K. Wagh ◽  
Glendon M. Zinser ◽  
Jerilyn K. Gray ◽  
Archana Shrestha ◽  
Susan E. Waltz
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Tumorigenesis ◽  
Mammary Epithelium ◽  
Mammary Tumors ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Conditional Deletion ◽  
Ron Receptor

The Ron receptor tyrosine kinase (macrophage stimulating 1 receptor) is overexpressed in approximately 50% of human breast cancers. Transgenic mice overexpressing Ron in the mammary epithelium [mouse mammary tumor virus driven (MMTV)-Ron expressing mice] develop mammary tumors that exhibit up-regulation of β-catenin and β-catenin target genes. β-Catenin has been shown to be a mediator of mammary tumorigenesis in various breast cancer models, including downstream of Ron. However, the in vivo impact of a conditional loss of β-catenin downstream of Ron receptor overexpression on the onset, growth, turnover, and metastasis of mammary tumors has not been addressed. To determine the significance of β-catenin in the context of Ron overexpression, we conditionally deleted β-catenin in mammary epithelial cells of MMTV-Ron mice. Conditional deletion of β-catenin in the mammary epithelium, through the use of whey acidic protein (WAP)-Cre transgenic mice, significantly delayed the onset of mammary hyperplastic nodules, the presence of palpable mammary tumors, and ultimately decreased liver metastasis. β-Catenin loss in this model was also associated with decreased expression of cyclin D1. In total, these studies support an important role for β-catenin downstream of Ron receptor signaling during the development of mammary tumorigenesis.

scholarly journals Immune relevant gene expression of mammary epithelial cells and their influence on leukocyte chemotaxis in response to different mastitis pathogens

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Wellnitz ◽  
P. Reith ◽  
Haas SC ◽  
Meyer HHD
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Leukocyte Chemotaxis ◽  
Mastitis Pathogens

Different mastitis pathogens induce different courses of infection, i.e. more or less severe. Mammary epithelial cells play an important role in the initial combat against microorganisms by expression of cytokines and acute phase proteins that regulate the immune response. The objective of the present study was to investigate the involvement of the epithelial cells into the outcome of mastitis induced by different pathogens. Primary epithelial cell cultures isolated from milk were used to test the immune response by measuring the mRNA expression of immunomodulators and their influence on polymorph nuclear chemotaxis. Because the cells showed different responses to isolated bacterial endotoxins (lipopolysaccharide, lipoteichoic acid, and peptidoglycans) compared to whole bacteria, they were treated with heat inactivated (10 MOI) gram-negative Escherichia coli, a very common pathogen causing acute intra-mammary infections, with Staphylococcus aureus, a prevalent cause of chronic, and, Streptococcus uberis, an inducer of acute and chronic mastitis. E. coli induced an increased mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-8 within a 1 h treatment. A treatment for 6 h with E. coli and S. aureus induced increased mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-&aacute; and serum amyloid A (SAA). After a 24 h treatment the expression of these immunomodulators was still elevated, except in the E. coli treatment the SAA expression showed no differences to control cells anymore. Interestingly, Str. uberis in the same concentration did only induce the expression of IL-8 after a 6 h treatment but had no influence on other immunomodulator mRNA expression. Cell culture supernatants of E. coli and S. aureus treated cells for 12 h increased leukocyte chemotaxis in a 96-well MultiScreen<sup>TM</sup>MIC-plate. S. aureus seemed to induce increased chemotaxis after shorter treatments than E. coli. In conclusion, mammary epithelial cells are involved in the different immune response to various mastitis pathogens, and the induction of chemotaxis of leukocytes from blood to milk during mastitis. Therefore, most likely epithelial cells play a role in the differential pattern of immunomediators stimulated by different pathogens.

Molecular analysis of tammar (Macropus eugenii) mammary epithelial cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid

2009 ◽  
Vol 129 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 36-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry A. Daly ◽  
Sonia L. Mailer ◽  
Matthew R. Digby ◽  
Christophe Lefévre ◽  
Peter Thomson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Macropus Eugenii

scholarly journals Matrix Metalloproteinase Stromelysin-1 Triggers a Cascade of Molecular Alterations That Leads to Stable Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Conversion and a Premalignant Phenotype in Mammary Epithelial Cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 139 (7) ◽  
pp. 1861-1872 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Lochter ◽  
Sybille Galosy ◽  
John Muschler ◽  
Neal Freedman ◽  
Zena Werb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Keratinocyte Growth Factor ◽  
Mammary Epithelium ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Neoplastic Progression ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Epithelial Phenotype ◽  
Inappropriate Expression ◽  
E Cadherin

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) regulate ductal morphogenesis, apoptosis, and neoplastic progression in mammary epithelial cells. To elucidate the direct effects of MMPs on mammary epithelium, we generated functionally normal cells expressing an inducible autoactivating stromelysin-1 (SL-1) transgene. Induction of SL-1 expression resulted in cleavage of E-cadherin, and triggered progressive phenotypic conversion characterized by disappearance of E-cadherin and catenins from cell–cell contacts, downregulation of cytokeratins, upregulation of vimentin, induction of keratinocyte growth factor expression and activation, and upregulation of endogenous MMPs. Cells expressing SL-1 were unable to undergo lactogenic differentiation and became invasive. Once initiated, this phenotypic conversion was essentially stable, and progressed even in the absence of continued SL-1 expression. These observations demonstrate that inappropriate expression of SL-1 initiates a cascade of events that may represent a coordinated program leading to loss of the differentiated epithelial phenotype and gain of some characteristics of tumor cells. Our data provide novel insights into how MMPs function in development and neoplastic conversion.

scholarly journals CircRNA-006258 Sponge-Adsorbs miR-574-5p to Regulate Cell Growth and Milk Synthesis via EVI5L in Goat Mammary Epithelial Cells

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 718
Author(s):  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
Yuhan Liu ◽  
Yonglong He ◽  
Guang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Integration Site ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Goat Mammary Epithelial Cells

The development of the udder and the milk yield are closely related to the number and vitality of mammary epithelial cells. Many previous studies have proved that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are widely involved in mammary gland development and the physiological activities of lactation. Our laboratory previous sequencing data revealed that miR-574-5p was differentially expressed during the colostrum and peak lactation stages, while the molecular mechanism of the regulatory effect of miR-574-5p on goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs) is unclear. In this study, the targeting relationship was detected between miR-574-5p or ecotropic viral integration site 5-like (EVI5L) and circRNA-006258. The results declared that miR-574-5p induced the down-regulation of EVI5L expression at both the mRNA and protein levels, while circRNA-006258 relieved the inhibitory effect through adsorbing miR-574-5p. EVI5L blocked the G1 phase and promoted the S phase by activating the Rab23/ITGB1/TIAM1/Rac1-TGF-β/Smad pathway in GMECs. By increasing the protein expression of Bcl2 and reducing the protein expression of Bax, EVI5L promoted cell growth and inhibited apoptosis. The activation of the PI3K/AKT–mTOR signaling pathway promoted the production of triacylglycerol (TAG) and β-casein in GMECs. The circRNA–006258/miR-574-5p/EVI5L axis could regulate the cell growth and milk synthesis of GMECs by sponge-adsorbed miR-574-5p. These results would provide scientific evidence for precision animal breeding in the industry of dairy goats.

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