Dietary Cinnamon Successfully Enhanced the Growth Performance, Growth Hormone, Antibacterial Capacity, and Immunity of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Dietary cinnamon has several bioactive compounds with growth-promoting and immunomodulation potential and is suggested for finfish species. This study evaluated the inclusion of cinnamon at 0, 10, 15, and 20 g/kg in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) diets. After 90 days, the highest final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, and the lowest feed conversion ratio were seen in fish treated with 10 g/kg (p < 0.05). Further, the measured growth hormone in the blood indicated that fish treated with 10 g/kg had a higher level than fish 0 and 20 g/kg. After the feeding trial, fish treated with cinnamon at varying levels had higher lipid content than fish before the feeding trial (p < 0.05). Lower Vibrio spp. and Faecal Coliform counts were observed in fish treated with cinnamon than fish fed a cinnamon-free diet (p < 0.05). The hematocrit level was markedly (p < 0.05) increased in fish fed cinnamon at 10 g/kg compared to the control without significant differences with fish fed 15 and 20 g/kg. Hemoglobin was significantly increased in fish treated with cinnamon at 10, 15, and 20 g/kg compared to fish fed a cinnamon-free diet (p < 0.05). Red and white blood cells (RBCs and WBCs) were meaningfully (p < 0.05) increased in fish treated with cinnamon compared with the control. Markedly, fish treated with cinnamon had higher serum total lipids than the control with the highest value in fish treated with 15 g/kg (p < 0.05). The lysozyme activity was markedly higher in fish treated with 15 g cinnamon/kg than fish fed 0, 10, and 20 g/kg (p < 0.05). Moreover, phagocytic activity was significantly higher in fish treated with cinnamon at 10, and 15 g/kg than fish fed 0 and 20 g/kg (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary cinnamon is suggested at 10–15 g/kg for achieving the high production and wellbeing of European sea bass.

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The influence of nocturnal vs. diurnal feeding under winter conditions on growth and feed conversion of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.)

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/s0044-8486(99)00276-8 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 182 (3-4) ◽

pp. 329-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

M Azzaydi ◽

F.J Martı́nez ◽

S Zamora ◽

F.J Sánchez-Vázquez ◽

J.A Madrid

Keyword(s):

Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽

Sea Bass ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

European Sea Bass ◽

Winter Conditions

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Intestinal B0AT1 (SLC6A19) and PEPT1 (SLC15A1) mRNA levels in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) reared in fresh water and fed fish and plant protein sources

Journal of Nutritional Science ◽

10.1017/jns.2015.9 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Simona Rimoldi ◽

Elena Bossi ◽

Sheenan Harpaz ◽

Anna Giulia Cattaneo ◽

Giovanni Bernardini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽

Sea Bass ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion Ratio ◽

Fish Growth ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

European Sea Bass ◽

Protein Sources ◽

Plant Protein Sources

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to examine the effect of diets with descending fish meal (FM) inclusion levels and the addition of salt to the diet containing the lowest FM level on growth performances, feed conversion ratio, and intestinal solute carrier family 6 member 19 (SLC6A19) and oligopeptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) transcript levels, in freshwater-adapted European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). We first isolated by molecular cloning and sequenced a full-length cDNA representing the neutral amino acid transporter SLC6A19 in sea bass. The cDNA sequence was deposited in GenBank database (accession no. KC812315). The twelve transmembrane domains and the ‘de novo’ prediction of the three-dimensional structure of SLC6A19 protein (634 amino acids) are presented. We then analysed diet-induced changes in the mRNA copies of SLC6A19 and PEPT1 genes in different portions of sea bass intestine using real-time RT-PCR. Sea bass were fed for 6 weeks on different diets, with ascending levels of fat or descending levels of FM, which was replaced with vegetable meal. The salt-enriched diet was prepared by adding 3 % NaCl to the diet containing 10 % FM. SLC6A19 mRNA in the anterior and posterior intestine of sea bass were not modulated by dietary protein sources and salt supplementation. Conversely, including salt in a diet containing a low FM percentage up-regulated the mRNA copies of PEPT1 in the hindgut. Fish growth correlated positively with the content of FM in the diets. Interestingly, the addition of salt to the diet containing 10 % FM improved feed intake, as well as specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio.

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Evaluation of the Effects of the Enriched-Organic Diets Composition on European Sea Bass Welfare through a Multi-Parametric Approach

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ◽

10.3390/jmse8110934 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 934

Author(s):

Pierluigi Carbonara ◽

Walter Zupa ◽

Isabella Bitetto ◽

Sébastien Alfonso ◽

Mariano Dara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Contaminants ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Physiological State ◽

Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽

Principal Component ◽

Sea Bass ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Fish Welfare ◽

European Sea Bass ◽

Conventional Diet

Three groups of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were fed for seven months, with either a conventional diet or two different organic diets, which contain organic vegetables and a natural antioxidant compound. The two organic diets differed themselves in terms of raw proteins, fish oil, and lipid contents. Sea bass welfare condition was assessed in relation to these three diets, using 16 different indicators. These were: swimming activity (recovery test, muscle activity), haematological and serological stress indicators (haematocrit, haemoglobin, red-blood-cell count, cortisol, glucose, lactate), aspecific immunity parameter (lysozyme), indicators of exposure to organic contaminants (7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase and glutathione-S-transferase), and growth parameters (weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and hepato-somatic index). Most of these parameters individually did not give consistent responses, but their integration can provide an accurate evaluation of the fish welfare conditions among the three diet experimental groups. The multiparametric approach outlined a comprehensive picture of sea bass physiological state. The principal component analysis and the multi-criteria-decision-analysis were found to be useful tools for an integrated fish welfare assessment, highlighting that the best welfare condition was achieved in the experimental group fed with the protein-rich organic diet.

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Production and characterization of recombinantly derived peptides and antibodies for accurate determinations of somatolactin, growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

General and Comparative Endocrinology ◽

10.1016/j.ygcen.2004.09.017 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 139 (3) ◽

pp. 266-277 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

S. Vega-Rubín de Celis ◽

P. Gómez-Requeni ◽

J. Pérez-Sánchez

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽

Sea Bass ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

European Sea Bass ◽

Factor I ◽

Growth Factor I

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Effect of Essential Oils on the Oxyntopeptic Cells and Somatostatin and Ghrelin Immunoreactive Cells in the European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Gastric Mucosa

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11123401 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 3401

Author(s):

Maurizio Mazzoni ◽

Giulia Lattanzio ◽

Alessio Bonaldo ◽

Claudio Tagliavia ◽

Luca Parma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Mucosa ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Control Diet ◽

Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽

Sea Bass ◽

Diet Group ◽

Digestive Physiology ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

European Sea Bass

The current work was designed to assess the effect of feed supplemented with essential oils (EOs) on the histological features in sea bass’s gastric mucosa. Fish were fed three diets: control diet (CTR), HERBAL MIX® made with natural EOs (N-EOs), or HERBAL MIX® made with artificial EOs obtained by synthesis (S-EOs) during a 117-day feeding trial. Thereafter, the oxyntopeptic cells (OPs) and the ghrelin (GHR) and somatostatin (SOM) enteroendocrine cells (EECs) in the gastric mucosa were evaluated. The Na+K+-ATPase antibody was used to label OPs, while, for the EECs, anti-SOM and anti-GHR antibody were used. The highest density of OP immunoreactive (IR) area was in the CTR group (0.66 mm2 ± 0.1). The OP-IR area was reduced in the N-EO diet group (0.22 mm2 ± 1; CTR vs. N-EOs, p < 0.005), while in the S-EO diet group (0.39 mm2 ± 1) a trend was observed. We observed an increase of the number of SOM-IR cells in the N-EO diet (15.6 ± 4.2) compared to that in the CTR (11.8 ± 3.7) (N-EOs vs. CTR; p < 0.05), but not in the S-EOs diet. These observations will provide a basis to advance current knowledge on the anatomy and digestive physiology of this species in relation to pro-heath feeds.

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