scholarly journals Wolf–Hunting Dog Interactions in a Biodiversity Hot Spot Area in Northern Greece: Preliminary Assessment and Implications for Conservation in the Dadia-Lefkimi-Soufli Forest National Park and Adjacent Areas

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3235
Author(s):  
Yorgos Iliopoulos ◽  
Eirini Antoniadi ◽  
Elzbieta Kret ◽  
Sylvia Zakkak ◽  
Theodora Skartsi
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Spot Area ◽  
Winter Diet ◽  
Hunting Dog ◽  
Group Hunting

Hunting dog depredation by wolves triggers retaliatory killing, with negative impacts on wildlife conservation. In the wider area of the Dadia-Lefkimi-Soufli Forest National Park, reports on such incidents have increased lately. To investigate this conflict, we interviewed 56 affected hunters, conducted wolf trophic analysis, analyzed trends for 2010–2020, applied MAXENT models for risk-map creation, and GLMs to explore factors related to depredation levels. Losses averaged approximately one dog per decade and hunter showing a positive trend, while livestock depredations showed a negative trend. Wolves preyed mainly on wild prey, with dogs consisting of 5.1% of the winter diet. Low altitude areas, with low to medium livestock availability favoring wolf prey and game species, were the riskiest. Dogs were more vulnerable during hare hunting and attacks more frequent during wolf post-weaning season or in wolf territories with reproduction. Hunter experience and group hunting reduced losses. Wolves avoided larger breeds or older dogs. Making noise or closely keeping dogs reduced attack severity. Protective dog vests, risk maps, and enhancing wolf natural prey availability are further measures to be considered, along with a proper verification system to confirm and effectively separate wolf attacks from wild boar attacks, which were also common.

The Microstructure of Fused Cast AZS Materials before, during and after the Use for Glass Melting

2008 ◽  
Vol 39-40 ◽  
pp. 607-612
Author(s):  
Bernhard Fleischmann
Keyword(s):  
Glass Furnace ◽  
Glass Melting ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Float Glass ◽  
Vitreous Phase ◽  
Spot Area ◽  
Furnace Campaign ◽  
Three Phases

A part of a soldier block, placed in a float glass furnace near the hot spot area, was investigated to learn about the changes in the microstructure during the production of the block, during the use for glass melting and after the shut down of the furnace and the cooling of the block. Beside the three phases after the production (baddeleyite, corundum, vitreous phase) during use as a soldier block mullite and secondary corundum as well as secondary zirconia may occure. Cooling down the used block after the furnace campaign the beginning of the crystallisation of feldspars may be seen.

scholarly journals Inocybe brijunica sp. nov., a New Ectomycorrhizal Fungus from Mediterranean Croatia Revealed by Morphology and Multilocus Phylogenetic Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Armin Mešić ◽  
Danny Haelewaters ◽  
Zdenko Tkalčec ◽  
Jingyu Liu ◽  
Ivana Kušan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
National Park ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Biogeographical Region

A new ectomycorrhizal species was discovered during the first survey of fungal diversity at Brijuni National Park (Croatia), which consists of 14 islands and islets. The National Park is located in the Mediterranean Biogeographical Region, a prominent climate change hot-spot. Inocybe brijunica sp. nov., from sect. Hysterices (Agaricales, Inocybaceae), is described based on morphology and multilocus phylogenetic data. The holotype collection was found at the edge between grassland and Quercus ilex forest with a few planted Pinus pinea trees, on Veli Brijun Island, the largest island of the archipelago. It is easily recognized by a conspicuous orange to orange–red–brown membranaceous surface layer located at or just above the basal part of the stipe. Other distinctive features of I. brijunica are the medium brown, radially fibrillose to rimose pileus; pale to medium brown stipe with fugacious cortina; relatively small, amygdaliform to phaseoliform, and smooth basidiospores, measuring ca. 6.5–9 × 4–5.5 µm; thick-walled, utriform, lageniform or fusiform pleurocystidia (lamprocystidia) with crystals and mostly not yellowing in alkaline solutions; cheilocystidia of two types (lamprocystidia and leptocystidia); and the presence of abundant caulocystidia only in the upper 2–3 mm of the stipe. Phylogenetic reconstruction of a concatenated dataset of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), the nuclear 28S rRNA gene (nrLSU), and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpb2) resolved I. brijunica and I. glabripes as sister species.

scholarly journals Conservation in Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia

Oryx ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse C. Hillman
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Management Plans

Ethiopia does not often receive publicity for its wildlife conservation work, but there have been a commendable number of achievements over the last 15 years or so. For the last two years the author has been carrying out ecological studies to formulate management plans in the Bale Mountains area, which is in the process of being established as a national park. As a result of the developments and protection already afforded, numbers of the endemic mountain nyala have increased considerably.

scholarly journals Royal Manas National Park, Bhutan: a hot spot for wild felids

Oryx ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tshering Tempa ◽  
Mark Hebblewhite ◽  
L. Scott Mills ◽  
Tshewang R. Wangchuk ◽  
Nawang Norbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Conservation Priority ◽  
Wild Felids ◽  
Prionailurus Bengalensis ◽  
Eastern Himalayan Region

AbstractThe non-uniformity of the distribution of biodiversity makes allocation of the limited resources available for conservation of biodiversity a difficult task. Approaches such as biodiversity hotspot identification, endemic bird areas, crisis ecoregions, global 200 ecoregions, and the Last of the Wild are used by scientists and international conservation agencies to prioritize conservation efforts. As part of the biodiverse Eastern Himalayan region, Bhutan has been identified as a conservation priority area by all these different approaches, yet data validating these assessments are limited. To examine whether Bhutan is a biodiversity hot spot for a key taxonomic group, we conducted camera trapping in the lower foothills of Bhutan, in Royal Manas National Park, from November 2010 to February 2011. We recorded six species of wild felids of which five are listed on the IUCN Red List: tiger Panthera tigris, golden cat Pardofelis temminckii, marbled cat Pardofelis marmorata, leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis, clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa and common leopard Panthera pardus. Our study area of 74 km2 has c. 16% of felid species, confirming Bhutan as a biodiversity hot spot for this group.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Differentiation of the School-Age Migrant Population in Liaoning Province, China, and Its Driving Factors

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1036
Author(s):  
Wenwen Xu ◽  
Chunrui Song ◽  
Dongqi Sun ◽  
Baochu Yu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Autocorrelation ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
School Age ◽  
Migrant Population ◽  
Spot Area ◽  
Quality Of Teaching

This study analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution and driving factors of the floating school-age population in Liaoning Province, China from 2008 to 2020 using county-level statistical education data combined with spatial autocorrelation and the multiscale geographically weighted regression model. The major findings are as follows. From 2008 to 2020, the distribution of the school-age migrant population exhibited obvious spatial imbalance characteristics both in terms of the number and proportion of school-age migrants. Specifically, the school-age migrant population was concentrated in the municipal districts of large and medium-sized cities and continued to increase over time in the suburbs of large and medium-sized cities. Over the past 12 years, the distribution of the school-age migrant population in Liaoning Province exhibited significant spatial autocorrelation. From the number of school-age migrants, the cold and hot spot area expanded. Conversely, from the proportion of school-age migrants, the cold and hot spot area decreased gradually, whereas the cold spot area became more diffuse. Regarding the driving factors, the quantity and quality of teaching staff, the quality of teaching equipment and conditions, and the quality of the education environment played a role in promoting or restraining the differentiation of the school-age migrant population in Liaoning Province. Moreover, the degree of influence of the driving factors exhibited substantial spatial differences.

Impacts of national parks on tourism: a case study from a prominent alpine national park

2009 ◽  
pp. 103-120
Author(s):  
Michael Getzner
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overnight Stays

-National parks and other categories of protected areas are often assumed to enhance regional economic development due to park tourism. The current study attempts to estimate the impact of the Hohe Tauern national park (Austria) on tourism by exploring whether and to what extent the national park may have had an influence on tourism development. For most national park communities, the results suggest that the establishment of the national park had some impact by enforcing an already positive trend or by weakening or reversing a negative trend of tourism. However, breakpoint tests exhibit turning points up to several years after the establishment of the park, indicating that taking a national park as the basis for tourism development is a medium to long term development strategy. In the short term, the impact of a national park on tourism is not measurable. Tourism increased by 1 to 3% annually after the breakpoint, indicating that the establishment of a national park has to be incorporated into the tourism and development strategy of a region right from the start. The causal relationship between the establishment of the national park and tourism development may be weak, in particular in communities where the difference between the actual and the forecast numbers of overnight stays is small. Marketing national park tourism and building up a brand or distinctive label may therefore contribute to regional development particularly in the long term.Key words: Tourism, national park, protected area, time series, stationarity, breakpoint test, ARIMA.JEL classifications: R110, L830, C220.Parole chiave: Turismo, parco nazionale, area protetta, serie temporale, stazionarietŕ, test di breakpoint, ARIMA.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis Epidemiology and Badger (Meles meles) Spatial Ecology in a Hot-Spot Area in Atlantic Spain

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pelayo Acevedo ◽  
Miguel Prieto ◽  
Pablo Quirós ◽  
Isabel Merediz ◽  
Lucía de Juan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Ecology ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Meles Meles ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Gps Collars ◽  
Spot Area ◽  
Preferred Habitat ◽  
Cattle Herds

We provide a temporal overview (from 2012 to 2018) of the outcomes of tuberculosis (TB) in the cattle and badger populations in a hot-spot in Asturias (Atlantic Spain). We also study the badger’s spatial ecology from an epidemiological perspective in order to describe hazardous behavior in relation to TB transmission between cattle and badgers. Culture and single intradermal tuberculin test (SITT) were available for cattle as part of the National Program for the Eradication of TB. A field survey was also carried out in order to determine the paddocks and buildings used by each farm, and the information obtained was stored by using geographic information systems. Moreover, eighty-three badgers were submitted for necropsy and subsequent bacteriological studies. Ten badgers were also tracked, using global positioning system (GPS) collars. The prevalence of TB in cattle herds in the hot-spot increased from 2.2% in 2012 to 20% in 2016; it then declined to 0.0% in 2018. In contrast, the TB prevalence in badgers increased notably (from 5.55% in 2012–2015 to 10.64% in 2016–2018). Both cattle and badgers shared the same strain of Mycobacterium bovis. The collared badgers preferred paddocks used by TB-positive herds in spring and summer (when they were more active). The males occupied larger home ranges than the females (Khr95: males 149.78 ± 25.84 ha and females 73.37 ± 22.91 ha; Kcr50: males 29.83 ± 5.69 ha and females 13.59 ± 5.00 ha), and the home ranges were smaller in autumn and winter than in summer. The averages of the index of daily and maximum distances traveled by badgers were 1.88 ± (SD) 1.20 km and 1.99 ± 0.71 km, respectively. One of them presented a dispersive behavior with a maximum range of 18.3 km. The most preferred habitat was apple orchards in all seasons, with the exception of winter, in which they preferred pastures. Land uses and landscape structure, which have been linked with certain livestock-management practices, provide a scenario of great potential for badger–cattle interactions, thus enhancing the importance of the badgers’ ecology, which could potentially transmit TB back to cattle in the future.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Tourism Marketing Demand: Evidence from Ethiopia Wildlife Conservation Authority and Bale Mountain National Parko in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Addisu Bekele Demie
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Tourism Marketing ◽  
Image Creation ◽  
Inferential Analysis ◽  
Convenience Sampling

The study was conducted to assess the Factors Affecting Tourism Marketing Demand in the case of Bale Mountain National Park. The main objective of the study is investigating factors affecting tourism marketing demand: the case of Bale mountain national park. The sample respondents were selected using Convenience sampling technique from non probability sampling. For the sake of achieving the objectives of this study, administered schedule were analyzed using statistical analysis both descriptive and inferential analysis. The information gathered through schedule from a sample of 220 tourists (domestic and international) and structured interviews were conducted with 8 workers of the park and analyzed using descriptive narrations. Regression and correlation analyses are also applied for the study. The findings indicate that poor image creation, lack of proper promotion of tourist attraction, inadequate infrastructure to and inside the destination, problem of safety and security, political risk, and seasonality nature of tourism demand are factors influencing tourism marketing demand. Based on findings, improving tourism infrastructure, Building institutional capacity and developing community based ecotourism are some of the recommendation forwarded.

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