scholarly journals Xyloglucan, Hibiscus and Propolis in the Management of Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Tommaso Cai ◽  
Umberto Anceschi ◽  
Irene Tamanini ◽  
Serena Migno ◽  
Michele Rizzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Uncomplicated Cystitis

Background: In the era of antibiotic resistance, an antibiotic-sparing approach presents an interesting alternative treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in women. Our aim is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness and safety profile of a medical device containing xyloglucan, hibiscus and propolis (XHP) in women with uncomplicated cystitis. Methods: Relevant databases were searched using methods recommended by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The primary endpoint was clinical or microbiological success, defined as the complete (cure) and/or non-complete (improvement) resolution of symptoms at the end of treatment, or microbiological resolutions. Results: After screening 21 articles, three studies were included, recruiting a total of 178 patients. All three studies used placebo as comparator. A statistically significant difference was found in terms of clinical or microbiological resolution between the medical device and the comparator (3 RCTs, 178 patients, OR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.05–0.33; p < 0.0001). No clinically significant adverse effects have been reported. Conclusion: A medical device containing xyloglucan, hibiscus and propolis is superior to comparator regimens in terms of clinical effectiveness in adult women with microbiologically confirmed or clinical suspicion of uncomplicated cystitis and is associated with a high patient compliance.

scholarly journals Digital models and orthodontic diagnosis: what degree of reliability?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABDOUL Hafizou RABE ◽  
Fatima SALEK ◽  
Intissar El IDRISSI ◽  
Fatima ZAOUI ◽  
Hicham BENYAHIA
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Conventional Models ◽  
Plaster Models

Abstract  Background: Our study aims to evaluate, through a systematic review, the reliability of numerical models compared to conventional models on the main parameters of orthodontic diagnosis  Method: four databases were consulted: PubMed; Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Ebscohost. The research included published studies since 2010, meta-analysis studies, randomized and non-randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective studies. Results: Among 3811 selected references, only five studies met our inclusion criteria. In the systematic review, there were statistical differences between the digital models and the plaster models. However, this difference is clinically acceptable. On the other hand, there are some limitations, relative to the types of the severity of the congestion, the elapsed time to digitize, and the numerical means. Conclusion: The results of our systematic review have shown that there is no clinically significant difference between the numerical and physical models for the majority of diagnostic parameters.

Intravenous colistin use for infections due to MDR Gram-negative bacilli in critically ill paediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 2497-2506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyridon A Karageorgos ◽  
Hamid Bassiri ◽  
George Siakallis ◽  
Michael Miligkos ◽  
Constantinos Tsioutis
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Loading Dose ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Optimal Dosing ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Data are limited regarding the clinical effectiveness and safety of intravenous colistin for treatment of infections due to MDR Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) in paediatric ICUs (PICUs). Methods Systematic review of intravenous colistin use in critically ill paediatric patients with MDR-GNB infection in PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE (up to 31 January 2018). Results Out of 1181 citations, 7 studies were included on the use of intravenous colistin for 405 patients in PICUs. The majority of patients were diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infections, Acinetobacter baumannii being the predominant pathogen. Colistin dosages ranged between 2.6 and 18 mg/kg/day, with only one case reporting a loading dose. Emergence of colistin resistance during treatment was reported in two cases. Nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity were reported in 6.1% and 0.5%, respectively, but concomitant medications and severe underlying illness limited our ability to definitively associate use of colistin with nephrotoxicity. Crude mortality was 29.5% (95% CI = 21.7%–38.1%), whereas infection-related mortality was 16.6% (95% CI = 12.2%–21.5%). Conclusions While the reported incidence of adverse events related to colistin was low, reported mortality rates for infections due to MDR-GNB in PICUs were notable. In addition to severity of disease and comorbidities, inadequate daily dosage and the absence of a loading dose may have contributed to mortality. As the use of colistin for treatment of MDR-GNB infections increases, it is imperative to understand whether optimal dosing of colistin in paediatric patients differs across different age groups. Thus, future studies to establish the pharmacokinetic properties of colistin in different paediatric settings are warranted.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of topical and ablative therapies in treatment of anogenital warts: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e027765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Barton ◽  
Victoria Wakefield ◽  
Colm O'Mahony ◽  
Steven Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Anogenital Warts ◽  
Complete Clearance ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference

ObjectiveTo generate estimates of comparative clinical effectiveness for interventions used in the treatment of anogenital warts (AGWs) through the systematic review, appraisal and synthesis of data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs).DesignSystematic review and network meta-analysis of RCTs. Search strategies were developed for MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library and the Web of Science. For electronic databases, searches were run from inception to March 2018. The systematic review was carried out following the general principles recommended in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement.ParticipantsPeople aged ≥16 years with clinically diagnosed AGWs (irrespective of biopsy confirmation).InterventionsTopical and ablative treatments recommended by the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV for the treatment of AGWs, either as monotherapy or in combination versus each other.Outcome measuresComplete clearance of AGWs at the end of treatment and at other scheduled visits, and rate of recurrence.ResultsThirty-seven RCTs met inclusion criteria. Twenty studies were assessed as being at unclear risk of bias, with the remaining studies categorised as high risk of bias. Network meta-analysis indicates that, of the treatment options compared, carbon dioxide laser therapy is the most effective treatment for achieving complete clearance of AGWs at the end of treatment. Of patient-applied topical treatments, podophyllotoxin 0.5% solution was found to be the most effective at achieving complete clearance, and was associated with a statistically significant difference compared with imiquimod 5% cream and polyphenon E 10% ointment (p<0.05). Few data were available on recurrence of AGWs after complete clearance. Of the interventions evaluated, surgical excision was the most effective at minimising risk of recurrence.ConclusionOf the studies assessed, as a collective, the quality of the evidence is low. Few studies are available that evaluate treatment options versus each other.Trial registration numberCRD42013005457

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of bupropion for smoking cessation and reduction in schizophrenia: systematic review and meta-analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 196 (5) ◽  
pp. 346-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Tai-yin Tsoi ◽  
Mamta Porwal ◽  
Angela Claire Webster
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Smoking Abstinence ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BackgroundThe benefits and harms of bupropion as an aid for smoking cessation in schizophrenia remain uncertain.AimsTo summarise the current evidence for efficacy and safety of bupropion as treatment for nicotine dependence in schizophrenia.MethodSystematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing bupropion with placebo or alternative therapeutic control in adult smokers with schizophrenia.ResultsTwenty-one reports from seven RCTs were included. Biochemically verified self-reported smoking cessation rates after bupropion were significantly higher than placebo at the end of treatment (risk ratio (RR) = 2.57, P = 0.004) and at 6 months (RR = 2.78, P = 0.05). Expired carbon monoxide level was significantly lower with bupropion at the end of therapy (P = 0.002) but not at 6 months (P = 0.37). There was no significant difference in positive (P = 0.28) or negative symptoms (P = 0.49) between the bupropion and the placebo group.ConclusionsBupropion increases the rates of smoking abstinence in smokers with schizophrenia, without jeopardising their mental state.

scholarly journals Does methenamine hippurate decrease urinary tract symptoms in community adult women: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. BJGP.2020.0833
Author(s):  
Mina Bakhit ◽  
Natalia Krzyzaniak ◽  
Joanne Hilder ◽  
Justin Clark ◽  
Anna Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Significant Trend ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Recurrent Utis ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Community Adult

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are often treated with antibiotics and are one of the major sources of antibiotic overuse. Aim: To systematically review randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of community adult women with a history of recurrent UTIs using methenamine hippurate (hippurate) as treatment or prophylaxis. Design and setting: A 2-week systematic review of women (>18 years) with recurrent UTIs using hippurate against placebo, no treatment, or antibiotics. Methods: We searched 3 databases, clinical trial registries and citing-cited references of included studies. Results: We included 6 studies comprising 557 participants: 5 published and one unpublished trial record with results provided; 3 compared hippurate vs placebo or control, and 3 vs antibiotics. The risk of bias was high, mostly from incomplete reporting. For the number of patients remaining asymptomatic, hippurate showed a non-significant trend of benefit vs antibiotics over 12 months (RR 0.65, 95%CI 0.4-1.07, I249%); also vs control over 6/12 months (RR 0.56, 95%CI 0.13-2.35, I293%); and a non-significant trend vs any antibiotic for abacteruria, (RR 0.80, 95%CI 0.62-1.03, I223%). Similar non-significant trends of benefits for hippurate for the number of UTI or bacteriuric episodes. Non-significant difference in the number of patients experiencing adverse events between hippurate and any comparator, with a trend towards benefit for the hippurate. Antibiotic use and resistance were not consistently reported. Conclusion: There is no sufficient evidence to be certain of benefit for hippurate. Further research is needed to test it and consider its use as an alternative for antibiotic treatment for UTI.

scholarly journals Single-Dose Fosfomycin Trometamol Versus Other Antimicrobial Regimens For Treatment Of Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infection: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
Mubarak Alfaresi ◽  
Kawther Hassan ◽  
Rafi M.H. Alnjadat
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fosfomycin Trometamol ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Alternative Antibiotic ◽  
Lower Urinary

Objectives: Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infections (LUTIs) are the most common source of infection affecting women. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics has led to the development and use of novel therapies. This current meta-analysis and systematic review evaluate the use of single-dose Fosfomycin-Trometamol (FMT) versus alternative antimicrobial regimens in the management of uncomplicated LUTI. Methods: This is a systematic review. We included observational studies and Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). Studies that investigated the efficacy of fosfomycin or FMT in managing uncomplicated LUTIs in any age group or gender and compared the treatment to any alternative antibiotic regimen were considered eligible. Results: After a comprehensive review of the literature, nineteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All of the eligible studies (3779 patients) investigated showed no difference between the use of single-dose fosfomycin versus alternative antibiotic regimens for LUTI treatment (OR, 1.003; 95% CI, 0.853-1.181; p = 0.967). The OR remained unchanged but became statistically significant when the random-effects model was used for sensitivity analysis (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.05-2.38; p = 0.04). Conclusion: The meta-analysis revealed that there was no significant difference between single-dose FMT and the commonly prescribed antibiotic regimens in LUTI treatment outcomes such as clinical improvement and microbial eradication.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document