scholarly journals The Design and Investigation of a Cooling System for a High Power Ni-MH Battery Pack in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1660
Author(s):  
Aihua Chu ◽  
Yinnan Yuan ◽  
Jianxin Zhu ◽  
Xiao Lu ◽  
Chenquan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Branch Pipe ◽  
Fluid Simulation ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Mh Battery

High power cylindrical Ni-MH battery cells have a heavy heat load because of their high discharge rate and large equivalent internal resistance. This heavy heat load, together with an imbalanced flow in parallel liquid cooling systems, can lead to variances in the temperature of each cell in the entire battery pack, thereby reducing the life cycle of the battery pack. In this paper, a parallel-series combined liquid cooling system for a 288V Ni-MH battery pack was designed, and several parameters that influence the flow balance of the system by heat transfer and fluid dynamics were calculated. Then, a thermal-fluid simulation was executed with different parameters using StarCCM+ software, and the simulation results were validated by a battery pack temperature experiment on a bench and in a vehicle. The results indicate that the cell’s temperature and temperature differences can be kept within an ideal range. We also determined that within the battery power requirements and structural spacing limits, the total flow rate of the cooling liquid, the cross-sectional area ratio of the main pipe to the branch pipes, and the number of internal supporting walls in each branch pipe need to be large enough to minimize the cell’s maximum temperature and temperature differences.

Numerical Investigation of Electronic Liquid Cooling Based on the Thermomagnetic Effect

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giti Karimi-Moghaddam ◽  
Richard D. Gould ◽  
Subhashish Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
High Power ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Flow Loop ◽  
Liquid Cooling

Liquid cooling for thermal management has been widely applied in high power electronic systems. Use of pumps may often introduce reliability and mechanical limitations such as vibration of moving parts, noise problems, leakage problems, and considerable power consumption. This paper presents a theoretical design of circulating a liquid coolant using magnetic and thermal fields which surround high power electronic systems by means of thermomagnetic effects of temperature sensitive magnetic fluids. Numerical simulation models of the heat transfer process from a magnetic liquid contained in a closed flow loop in the presence of an external magnetic field have been developed. These models include the coupling of three fundamental phenomena, i.e. magnetic, thermal, and fluid dynamic features. In this cooling device, the thermomagnetic convection is generated by a non-uniform magnetic field from a solenoid, which is placed close to the fluid loop. The device cooling load is calculated in the region near the solenoid. No energy is needed, other than the heat load (i.e. waste heat from actual electrical device), to drive the cooling system, and as such, the device can be considered completely self-powered. In effect, the heat added to the ferrofluid in the presence of a magnetic field is converted into useful flow work. In this numerical study, the effects of different factors such as input heat load, magnetic field strength and magnetic distribution (based on solenoid dimensions and the applied electrical current) along the loop, on the performance of the cooling system are analyzed and discussed. Finally, the variation of the local Nusselt number along the heated and cooled regions of the flow loop are calculated and compared with laminar entry length analytical solutions.

Structure Optimization of Battery Module With a Parallel Multi-Channel Liquid Cooling Plate Based on Orthogonal Test

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaofeng Pan ◽  
Qiming Tang ◽  
Zhigang He ◽  
Limei Wang ◽  
Long Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Cooling Plate ◽  
Battery Module

Abstract In order to keep the power battery work within an ideal temperature range for the electric vehicle, the liquid cooling plate with parallel multi-channels is designed, and a three-dimensional thermal model of battery module with the liquid cooling plate is established. Subsequently, the effects of the cooling plate thickness and the cooling pipe thickness, channel number and coolant mass flow rate on the cooling performance of battery modules are analyzed. The results show that four parameters of the cooling plate have an important role in the thermal behavior of the liquid-cooled battery system. It is not good to improve the performance of the cooling system by changing only certain parameters. The four factors discussed above are optimized by using orthogonal test according to the univariate analysis. With the use of the orthogonal test, the optimization model obtained is obviously enhanced in the aspect of maximum temperature control and temperature uniformity of liquid-cooled battery module. Results show that the three-dimensional thermal analysis and orthogonal test method are compatible with optimal design of liquid-cooled battery modules.

Temperature Distribution Optimization of an Air-Cooling Lithium-Ion Battery Pack in Electric Vehicles Based on the Response Surface Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangping Liao ◽  
Chong Ma ◽  
Xiongbin Peng ◽  
Akhil Garg ◽  
Nengsheng Bao
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Original Design

Electric vehicles have become a trend in recent years, and the lithium-ion battery pack provides them with high power and energy. The battery thermal system with air cooling was always used to prevent the high temperature of the battery pack to avoid cycle life reduction and safety issues of lithium-ion batteries. This work employed an easily applied optimization method to design a more efficient battery pack with lower temperature and more uniform temperature distribution. The proposed method consisted of four steps: the air-cooling system design, computational fluid dynamics code setups, selection of surrogate models, and optimization of the battery pack. The investigated battery pack contained eight prismatic cells, and the cells were discharged under normal driving conditions. It was shown that the optimized design performs a lower maximum temperature of 2.7 K reduction and a smaller temperature standard deviation of 0.3 K reduction than the original design. This methodology can also be implemented in industries where the battery pack contains more battery cells.

COMPACT LIQUID COOLING SYSTEM FOR HIGH POWER IGBT MODULES IN EV/HEV APPLICATIONS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seokkan Ki ◽  
Jooyoung Lee ◽  
Seunggeol Ryu ◽  
Youngsuk Nam
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Igbt Modules ◽  
Liquid Cooling System

757 Development of a Forced-Liquid Cooling System for High Power Electronic Chips Using ECF

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (0) ◽  
pp. 219-220
Author(s):  
Woo-Suk SEO ◽  
Kazuhiro YOSHIDA ◽  
Shinichi YOKOTA ◽  
Kazuya EDAMURA
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Liquid Cooling System

scholarly journals Thermal Analysis and Improvements of the Power Battery Pack with Liquid Cooling for Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 3045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia ◽  
Liu ◽  
Huang ◽  
Yang ◽  
Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Power Battery ◽  
Reference Design

In order to ensure thermal safety and extended cycle life of Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) used in electric vehicles (EVs), a typical thermal management scheme was proposed as a reference design for the power battery pack. Through the development of the model for theoretical analysis and numerical simulation combined with the thermal management test bench, the designed scheme could be evaluated. In particular, the three-dimensional transient thermal model was used as the type of model. The test result verified the accuracy and the rationality of the model, but it also showed that the reference design could not reach the qualified standard of thermal performance of the power battery pack. Based on the heat dissipation strategy of liquid cooling, a novel improved design solution was proposed. The results showed that the maximum temperature of the power battery pack dropped by 1 °C, and the temperature difference was reduced by 2 °C, which improved the thermal performance of the power battery pack and consequently provides guidance for the design of the battery thermal management system (BTMS).

P-173: Improved Liquid Cooling System for Ultra High Power LED Projector

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1915
Author(s):  
Mao-Yi Lee ◽  
Alex Wang ◽  
Jung-Hsien Yen ◽  
Jung-Hua Chou
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
High Power Led ◽  
Liquid Cooling System

Isothermalization of an IGBT Power Electronic Chip

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
F. Patrick McCluskey ◽  
Avram Bar-Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Thermo Electric ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
System Designs

Rapid increases in the power ratings and continued miniaturization of power electronic semiconductor devices have pushed chip heat fluxes well beyond the range of conventional thermal management techniques. The heat flux of power electronic chips for hybrid electric vehicles is now at the level of 100 to 150W/cm2 and is projected to increase to 500 W/cm2 in next generation vehicles. Such heat fluxes lead to higher and less uniform IGBT chip temperature, significantly degrading the device performance and system reliability. Maintaining the maximum temperature below a specified limit, while isothermalizing the surface of the chip, have become critical issues for thermal management of power electronics. In this work, a hybrid cooling system design, which combines microchannel liquid cooling and thermoelectric solid-state cooling, is proposed for thermal management of a 10mm × 10mm IGBT chip. The microchannel heat sink is used for global cooling of the chip while the embedded thermo-electric cooler is employed for isothermalization of the chip. A detailed package level 3D thermal model is developed to explore the potential application of this concept, with an attention focused on isothermalization and temperature reduction of IGBT chip associated with variations in thermoelectric cooler sizes, thermoelectric materials, cooling system designs, and trench structures in the DBC substrate. It is found that a thin-film superlattice TEC can deliver a superior cooling performance by eliminating more than 90% of the temperature non-uniformity on 100∼200 W/cm2 IGBT chips.

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