scholarly journals In Vitro Evidences of Different Fibroblast Morpho-Functional Responses to Red, Near-Infrared and Violet-Blue Photobiomodulation: Clues for Addressing Wound Healing

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7878
Author(s):  
Flaminia Chellini ◽  
Alessia Tani ◽  
Sandra Zecchi-Orlandini ◽  
Marco Giannelli ◽  
Chiara Sassoli
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Functional Responses

Although photobiomodulation (PBM) has proven promising to treat wounds, the lack of univocal guidelines and of a thorough understanding of light–tissue interactions hampers its mainstream adoption for wound healing promotion. This study compared murine and human fibroblast responses to PBM by red (635 ± 5 nm), near-infrared (NIR, 808 ± 1 nm), and violet-blue (405 ± 5 nm) light (0.4 J/cm2 energy density, 13 mW/cm2 power density). Cell viability was not altered by PBM treatments. Light and confocal laser scanning microscopy and biochemical analyses showed, in red PBM irradiated cells: F-actin assembly reduction, up-regulated expression of Ki67 proliferation marker and of vinculin in focal adhesions, type-1 collagen down-regulation, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and metalloproteinase-9 expression/functionality increase concomitant to their inhibitors (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) decrease. Violet-blue and even more NIR PBM stimulated collagen expression/deposition and, likely, cell differentiation towards (proto)myofibroblast phenotype. Indeed, these cells exhibited a higher polygonal surface area, stress fiber-like structures, increased vinculin- and phospho-focal adhesion kinase-rich clusters and α-smooth muscle actin. This study may provide the experimental groundwork to support red, NIR, and violet-blue PBM as potential options to promote proliferative and matrix remodeling/maturation phases of wound healing, targeting fibroblasts, and to suggest the use of combined PBM treatments in the wound management setting.

scholarly journals Wound Healing Activity of Nanoclay/Spring Water Hydrogels

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima García-Villén ◽  
Angela Faccendini ◽  
Dalila Miele ◽  
Marco Ruggeri ◽  
Rita Sánchez-Espejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Accelerate Wound Healing ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility

Background: hydrogels prepared with natural inorganic excipients and spring waters are commonly used in medical hydrology. Design of these clay-based formulations continues to be a field scarcely addressed. Safety and wound healing properties of different fibrous nanoclay/spring water hydrogels were addressed. Methods: in vitro biocompatibility, by means of MTT assay, and wound healing properties were studied. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy was used to study the morphology of fibroblasts during the wound healing process. Results: all the ingredients demonstrated to be biocompatible towards fibroblasts. Particularly, the formulation of nanoclays as hydrogels improved biocompatibility with respect to powder samples at the same concentration. Spring waters and hydrogels were even able to promote in vitro fibroblasts motility and, therefore, accelerate wound healing with respect to the control. Conclusion: fibrous nanoclay/spring water hydrogels proved to be skin-biocompatible and to possess a high potential as wound healing formulations. Moreover, these results open new prospects for these ingredients to be used in new therapeutic or cosmetic formulations.

scholarly journals Distribution of Cytoskeletal Components in Endothelial Cells in the Guinea Pig Renal Artery

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Katoh ◽  
Yasuko Noda
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Stress Fibers ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Pulsatile Pressure

The cytoskeletal components of endothelial cells in the renal artery were examined by analysis of en face preparations under confocal laser scanning microscopy. Renal arterial endothelial cells were shown to be elongated along the direction of blood flow, while stress fibers ran perpendicular to the flow in the basal portion. Focal adhesions were observed along the stress fibers in dot-like configurations. On the other hand, stress fibers in the apical portion of cells ran along the direction of flow. The localizations of stress fibers and focal adhesions in endothelial cells in the renal artery differed from those of unperturbed aortic and venous endothelial cells. Tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins were mainly detected at the sites of cell-to-cell apposition, but not in focal adhesions. Pulsatile pressure and fluid shear stress applied over endothelial cells in the renal artery induce stress fiber organization and localization of focal adhesions. These observations suggest that the morphological alignment of endothelial cells along the direction of blood flow and the organization of cytoskeletal components are independently regulated.

scholarly journals Substantial near-infrared radiation-driven photosynthesis of chlorophyll f-containing cyanobacteria in a natural habitat

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kühl ◽  
Erik Trampe ◽  
Maria Mosshammer ◽  
Michael Johnson ◽  
Anthony WD Larkum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Oxygenic Photosynthesis ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Near Infrared Radiation ◽  
Molecular Physiology

Far-red absorbing chlorophylls are constitutively present as chlorophyll (Chl) d in the cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina, or dynamically expressed by synthesis of Chl f, red-shifted phycobiliproteins and minor amounts of Chl d via far-red light photoacclimation in a range of cyanobacteria, which enables them to use near-infrared-radiation (NIR) for oxygenic photosynthesis. While the biochemistry and molecular physiology of Chl f-containing cyanobacteria has been unraveled in culture studies, their ecological significance remains unexplored and no data on their in situ activity exist. With a novel combination of hyperspectral imaging, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and nanoparticle-based O2 imaging, we demonstrate substantial NIR-driven oxygenic photosynthesis by endolithic, Chl f-containing cyanobacteria within natural beachrock biofilms that are widespread on (sub)tropical coastlines. This indicates an important role of NIR-driven oxygenic photosynthesis in primary production of endolithic and other shaded habitats.

scholarly journals Imaging-Guided Delivery of a Hydrophilic Drug to Eukaryotic Cells Based on Its Hydrophobic Ion Pairing with Poly(hexamethylene guanidine) in a Maleated Chitosan Carrier

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 7426
Author(s):  
Sofia A. Zakharenkova ◽  
Marina I. Lebedeva ◽  
Alexandra N. Lebedeva ◽  
Irina A. Doroshenko ◽  
Ksenya Yu Vlasova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Counter Ion ◽  
Hydrophilic Drug ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Novel Strategy

Imaging-guided delivery is developed for hydrophobic drugs, and to a much lesser extent, hydrophilic ones. In this work we have designed a novel strategy for real-time monitoring of hydrophilic drug delivery. Traditionally, the drug and the dye are covalently attached to a nanocarrier or are electrostatically adsorbed. Recently, we found an efficient way to bind the drug by ion-paring with an appropriate counter-ion to form the aggregate that embeds a hydrophobic dye with a considerable fluorescence enhancement. We synthesized a series of carbocyanine dyes of hydrophobicity sufficient for solubilization in hydrophobic ion pairs, which restores their emission in the near-infrared (NIR) region upon the formation of the ternary aggregates. To avoid using toxic surfactants, we applied an amphiphilic polymer-oligomer poly(hexamethylene guanidine) (PHMG) as a counter-ion. Сeftriaxone was used as a model hydrophilic drug ensuring the highest fluorescent signal. The so-formed drug–counter-ion–dye aggregates were encapsulated into a cross-linked maleated chitosan carrier. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) studies have demonstrated internalization of the encapsulated model drug by breast adenocarcinoma cells at 40 min after treatment. These results suggest the potential application of hydrophobic ion pairs containing an NIR dye in imaging-guided delivery of hydrophilic compounds.

scholarly journals Multifunctional Magneto-Plasmonic Fe3O4/Au Nanocomposites: Approaching Magnetophoretically-Enhanced Photothermal Therapy

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Iuliia Mukha ◽  
Oksana Chepurna ◽  
Nadiia Vityuk ◽  
Alina Khodko ◽  
Liudmyla Storozhuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Photochemical Reduction ◽  
Induced Aggregation

Magneto-plasmonic nanocomposites can possess properties inherent to both individual components (iron oxide and gold nanoparticles) and are reported to demonstrate high potential in targeted drug delivery and therapy. Herein, we report on Fe3O4/Au magneto-plasmonic nanocomposites (MPNC) synthesized with the use of amino acid tryptophan via chemical and photochemical reduction of Au ions in the presence of nanosized magnetite. The magnetic field (MF) induced aggregation was accompanied by an increase in the absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region, which was demonstrated to provide an enhanced photothermal (PT) effect under NIR laser irradiation (at 808 nm). A possibility for therapeutic application of the MPNC was illustrated using cancer cells in vitro. Cultured HeLa cells were treated by MPNC in the presence of MF and without it, following laser irradiation and imaging using confocal laser scanning microscopy. After scanning laser irradiation of the MPNC/MF treated cells, a formation and rise of photothermally-induced microbubbles on the cell surfaces was observed, leading to a damage of the cell membrane and cell destruction. We conclude that the synthesized magneto-plasmonic Fe3O4/Au nanosystems exhibit magnetic field-induced reversible aggregation accompanied by an increase in NIR absorption, allowing for an opportunity to magnetophoretically control and locally enhance a NIR light-induced thermal effect, which holds high promise for the application in photothermal therapy.

Near-infrared confocal laser scanning microscopy of bladder tissue in vivo

Urology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Koenig ◽  
Salvador González ◽  
W.Matthew White ◽  
Michael Lein ◽  
Milind Rajadhyaksha
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning ◽  
Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Bladder Tissue
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