scholarly journals Fungal Tolerance: An Alternative for the Selection of Fungi with Potential for the Biological Recovery of Precious Metals

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8096
Author(s):  
Rosalba Argumedo-Delira ◽  
Mario J. Gómez-Martínez ◽  
Ramiro Uribe-Kaffure
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Simple Test ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Fungal Tolerance ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Selection Of

The behavior of various filamentous fungi in the presence of metals such as Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe, Mn, and V has been widely reported. However, there is little information regarding metals such as Au, Ag and Pt that are not in the form of nanoparticles. The growth of eight filamentous fungi was evaluated at increasing doses of Au, Ag and Pt. The fungi were reactivated in Petri dishes with potato dextrose agar. Subsequently, individual mycelial disks from each strain were inoculated in PDA plates with the following doses of AuCl3, Ag2SO4 and PtCl4: 0, 50, 150 and 300 mg L−1, respectively. The plates were then incubated for 20 days—a period in which the diameter of the colony was measured every 24 h. Au showed the highest toxicity for the tested fungi. All silver doses decreased the growth of most of the fungi, while platinum did not cause any inhibitory effect on the growth of the eight tested fungi. With a simple test, it was possible to observe the effect of precious metals (PMs) on the growth of filamentous fungi and consider their possible biotechnological applications in the recovery of PMs from primary or secondary sources.

scholarly journals Potential of endophytic fungi as biocontrol agents of Duponchelia fovealis (Zeller) (Lepidoptera:Crambidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Amatuzzi ◽  
N. Cardoso ◽  
A. S. Poltronieri ◽  
C. G. Poitevin ◽  
P. Dalzoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
New Pest ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

Abstract This study reports the first assessment of endophytic fungi isolated from strawberry leaves and selection of isolates for the control of Duponchelia fovealis, a new pest of strawberries. A total of 400 strawberry leaves of the cultivar ‘Albion’ were collected in four commercial farms. Leaves were disinfected, cut in fragments, and placed on Petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar media with tetracycline and incubated for 30 days. Following this time, 517 fungal colonies were isolated, and thirteen genera were identified: Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Nigrospora, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Chaetomium, Alternaria, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Ulocladium, Bipolaris, Diaporthe, and Phoma. Eight isolates belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Diaporthe, Paecilomyces, and Cladosporium were selected for pathogenicity bioassays against third instar larvae of D. fovealis. Isolates of Paecilomyces induced the highest mortality rates.

scholarly journals Inhibition of symbiote fungus of the leaf cutter ant Atta sexdens by secondary metabolites from the bacterium Xenorhabdus szentirmaii associated with entomopathogenic nematodes

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Giovanna Chacon Orozco ◽  
Luis Garrigós Leite ◽  
Bruna Cristina Custódio ◽  
Raphael Satochi Abe da Silva ◽  
Ana Gabriele Barbosa Casteliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Atta Sexdens ◽  
Total Inhibition ◽  
Leucocoprinus Gongylophorus ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Food Reserves

ABSTRACT: Leaf-cutter ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) have evolved as dominant herbivores on the American continent. These social insects remove the leaves of economically important plant species to maintain their colony’s food reserves, the symbiotic fungus Leucocoprinus gongylophorus, a basidiomycete. Such fungus can be used for applications of fungicide molecules from metabolites generated by symbiont bacteria (Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus) from entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema and Heterorhabditis). Through isolation and multiplication in tryptic soy broth (TSB) medium of the bacteria Xenorhabdus szentirmaii isolated PAM 25, we conducted laboratorial tests using treatments with 10, 25, and 50% of the metabolites obtained in the sixth day of cultivation. The treatments were centrifuged and filtered to generate a supernatant, which was diluted in potato + dextrose + agar (PDA), to verify the consequences of exposure to the fungus L. gongylophorus in Petri dishes. To confirm metabolite efficiency, the control treatments in PDA only and mixed (PDA+TSB) media were conducted simultaneously for 14 days. We observed total inhibition of the symbiont fungus in both the 25 and 50% dilutions during the first days of the tests. Our results support that these metabolites have inhibitory effect on the development of symbiont fungus of leaf-cutter ants.

scholarly journals Selection of filamentous fungi producing lipases from residual waters of slaughterhouses

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
Becker Onofre Sideney ◽  
Abatti Dirceu ◽  
Refosco Douglas ◽  
Antonio Tessaro Amarildo ◽  
Alisson Becker Onofre Jean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Selection of filamentous fungi that are resistant to the herbicides atrazine, glyphosate and pendimethalin

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e51656
Author(s):  
Nara Priscila Barbosa Bravim ◽  
Anatércia Ferreira Alves ◽  
José Fábio França Orlanda ◽  
Patricia Barbosa Rodrigues Silva
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Selection Of

The objective of the present study was to isolate fungi from agricultural soils and evaluate fungal growth in culture medium contaminated with atrazine, glyphosate and pendimethalin. Filamentous fungi were isolated from agricultural soils and cultured in a modified culture medium containing 0, 10, 20, 50, and 100 μg mL-1 atrazine, glyphosate and pendimethalin for 14 days at 28°C. The fungi that presented optimal and satisfactory growth were plated in Sabouraud culture medium with 4% dextrose and containing the herbicides at concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 50, and 100 μg mL-1 for seven days at 28°C. The mean mycelial growth values were submitted to analysis of variance and the Tukey test (p < 0.05%) for comparison and relative growth determination, and maximum inhibition rates were calculated. The isolated fungi Aspergillus fumigatus, Fusarium verticillioides and Penicillium citrinum were shown to be resistant to atrazine, glyphosate and pendimethalin. F. verticillioides showed higher mean mycelial growth in the culture media contaminated with atrazine and glyphosate than the other two fungi. In the culture medium contaminated with pendimethalin, F. verticillioides, and A. fumigatus presented the highest mean mycelial growth values.

scholarly journals Evaluation of REE potential in Portuguese legacy mines

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 06003
Author(s):  
M. Isabel Dias ◽  
M. Isabel Prudêncio ◽  
J. Carlos Waerenborgh ◽  
M. Isabel Paiva ◽  
Rosa Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mössbauer Spectroscopy ◽  
Mossbauer Spectroscopy ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Mößbauer Spectroscopy ◽  
Geochemical Properties ◽  
The One ◽  
Selection Of

REE have unique properties that are mostly used to manufacture high tech devices. Most REE have geochemical properties that cause them to be typically dispersed and not often found in concentrated and economically exploitable forms, and difficult to separate. The ENVIREE project aims to develop environmentally friendly and efficient methods for their extraction from secondary sources. REE contents of tailings from four legacy mining sites have been obtained by INAA and analysed by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. REE concentrations in the tailings of Covas and Cumieira are more dependent on the REE contents of the primary ores and the treatment to extract the target metals than on the nano-sized oxides present. The tailings’ size, REE contents and Mössbauer results support the selection of the Covas tailing as the one to be submitted for further steps of REE extraction on the framework of the project.

Selection of Complete Recovery of Precious Metals in the Processing of Copper-Nickel Alloys in Hydrometallurgical Way

2018 ◽  
Vol 927 ◽  
pp. 190-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.V. Gorlenkov ◽  
I.V. Gorlenkova ◽  
I.I. Beloglazov ◽  
V.Yu. Timofeev
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Alloys ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Copper Nickel ◽  
Dependence Graphs ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Dissolution Potential

This article deals with the key aspects of how to determine the dissolution potential of copper-nickel base alloys containing precious metals in a lab environment and select conditions for their dissolution. The work indicates the composition of the anode under research and presents the dependence graphs of the potentials on time and stress. It also explains the effect of some impurities on the process.

Victor Almon McKusick (21 October 1921–22 July 2008): Philosophical approach and historiography

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaela I Poling
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Medical Genetics ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

While many authors have surveyed the contributions of Victor Almon McKusick, MD (21 October 1921–22 July 2008) to establishing the field of medical genetics, no authors have reviewed his significant contributions as an historian to the field of the history of medicine. In discussing relevant biographical themes and their functional influence in his life, his philosophical approach to the study of the history of medicine and his unique historiography, blending various major schools of thought into a hybrid analytical approach to historical research, was evaluated. The evaluation drew on a series of interviews conducted with McKusick in 2004 and 2005, review of a selection of his published historical contributions, and review of secondary sources.

scholarly journals REJECTION OF TUMOR ALLOGRAFTS BY MOUSE SPLEEN CELLS SENSITIZED IN VITRO

1971 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 821-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irun R. Cohen ◽  
Amiela Globerson ◽  
Michael Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Mouse Spleen ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Functional Assay ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Growth Of Tumor ◽  
Selection Of

This paper reports a model system of cellular immunity in which allosensitization of mouse spleen cells is induced in vitro. Allosensitization was achieved by culturing spleen cells upon monolayers of allogeneic fibroblasts. The ability of the spleen cells to inhibit the growth of tumor allografts in vivo served as a functional assay of sensitization. We found that unsensitized spleen cells or spleen cells sensitized against unrelated fibroblast antigens had no inhibitory effect on the growth of allogeneic fibrosarcoma cells when they were injected together into irradiated recipients. In contrast, spleen cells which were specifically allosensitized in vitro were found to be highly effective in inhibiting the growth of an equal number of allogeneic tumor cells. Several times more spleen cells from mice sensitized in vivo were required to produce a similar immune effect. This confirms the findings of previous studies which indicate that sensitization in cell culture can promote the selection of specifically sensitized lymphocytes. Preincubating sensitizing fibroblasts with allo-antisera blocked the allosensitization of spleen cells. This suggests that antibodies binding to fibroblasts may inhibit the induction of sensitization by competing with lymphocytes for antigenic sites. Mouse spleen cells which were able to recognize and reject tumor allografts in vivo were unable to cause lysis of target fibroblasts in vitro. Such fibroblasts, however, were susceptible to lysis by rat lymphoid cells sensitized by a similar in vitro method. These findings indicate that the conditions required for lymphocyte-mediated lysis of target cells may not be directly related to the processes of antigen recognition and allograft rejection in vivo.

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