scholarly journals Radio Frequency Reflectometry of Single-Electron Box Arrays for Nanoscale Voltage Sensing Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 8797
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Zirkle ◽  
Matthew J. Filmer ◽  
Jonathan Chisum ◽  
Alexei O. Orlov ◽  
Eva Dupont-Ferrier ◽  
...  

Single-electron tunneling transistors (SETs) and boxes (SEBs) exploit the phenomenon of Coulomb blockade to achieve unprecedented charge sensitivities. Single-electron boxes, however, despite their simplicity compared to SETs, have rarely been used for practical applications. The main reason for that is that unlike a SET where the gate voltage controls conductance between the source and the drain, an SEB is a two terminal device that requires either an integrated SET amplifier or high-frequency probing of its complex admittance by means of radio frequency reflectometry (RFR). The signal to noise ratio (SNR) for a SEB is small, due to its much lower admittance compared to a SET and thus matching networks are required for efficient coupling ofSEBs to an RFR setup. To boost the signal strength by a factor of N (due to a random offset charge) SEBs can be connected in parallel to form arrays sharing common gates and sources. The smaller the size of the SEB, the larger the charging energy of a SEB enabling higher operation temperature, and using devices with a small footprint (<0.01 µm2), a large number of devices (>1000) can be assembled into an array occupying just a few square microns. We show that it is possible to design SEB arrays that may compete with an SET in terms of sensitivity. In this, we tested SETs using RF reflectometry in a configuration with no DC through path (“DC-decoupled SET” or DCD SET) along with SEBs connected to the same matching network. The experiment shows that the lack of a path for a DC current makes SEBs and DCD SETs highly electrostatic discharge (ESD) tolerant, a very desirable feature for applications. We perform a detailed analysis of experimental data on SEB arrays of various sizes and compare it with simulations to devise several ways for practical applications of SEB arrays and DCD SETs.

1992 ◽  
Vol 06 (13) ◽  
pp. 2321-2343 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.J. GOLDMAN ◽  
BO SU ◽  
J.E. CUNNINGHAM

We review experimental study of charge transport in nanometer double-barrier resonant tunneling devices. Heterostructure material is asymmetric: one barrier is substantially less transparent than the other. Resonant tunneling through size-quantized well states and single-electron charging of the well are thus largely separated in the two bias polarities. When the emitter barrier is more transparent than the collector barrier, electrons accumulate in the well; incremental electron occupation of the well is accompanied by Coulomb blockade leading to sharp steps of the tunneling current. When the emitter barrier is less transparent, the current reflects resonant tunneling of just one electron at a time through size-quantized well states; the current peaks and/or steps (depending on experimental parameters) appear in current-voltage characteristics. Magnetic field and temperature effects are also reviewed. Good agreement is achieved in comparison of many features of experimental data with simple theoretical models.


1996 ◽  
Vol 46 (S4) ◽  
pp. 2281-2282 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Zorin ◽  
V. A. Krupenin ◽  
S. V. Lotkhov ◽  
J. Niemeyer ◽  
D. E. Presnov ◽  
...  

1992 ◽  
Vol 06 (05) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. REEVE ◽  
O.G. SYMKO ◽  
R. LI

Tunneling studies between a Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM)-controlled fine NbN tip and a NbN thin film show single electron tunneling characteristics at room temperature. The I-V curves display the Coulomb blockade and the Coulomb staircase caused by single electron charging of a series combination of two tunnel junctions. These room temperature observations indicate that it may be possible to operate single-electron-based devices in non-cryogenic regimes.


2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350008 ◽  
Author(s):  
QIONG MA ◽  
TAO TU ◽  
LI WANG ◽  
CHEN ZHOU ◽  
ZHI-RONG LIN ◽  
...  

We study the conductance spectrum of graphene quantum dots, both single- and multiple-dot cases. The single electron tunneling through a graphene dot is investigated and the periodicity, amplitude and line shape of the Coulomb blockade oscillations at low temperatures are obtained, which are consistent with the recent experimental observations. Further, we discuss the transport behavior when multiple dots are assembled in array and find a phase transition of conductance spectra from individual Coulomb blockade to collective Coulomb blockade.


1994 ◽  
Vol 203 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.D. Zaikin ◽  
D.S. Golubev ◽  
S.V. Panyukov

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