scholarly journals Identification of the Relationship between Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships and the Operator’s Mental Workload

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2331
Author(s):  
Masanori Yoshida ◽  
Etsuro Shimizu ◽  
Masashi Sugomori ◽  
Ayako Umeda
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Indispensable Tool ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index ◽  
The Relationship

Shipping is an indispensable tool for the sustainable global supply chain, and seafarers play a key role in safe navigation. Maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS) have been expected to reduce marine accidents by human error of the seafarers. On the other hand, MASS may have adverse effects on operators’ mental workload (MWL) and increase safety risks in some cases. This research aims to provide a scheme for identifying the relationship between MWL and MASS in the maritime that can be utilised for rulemaking and technological development. The provided scheme identifies the factors that affect the MWL of operators and sub-elements of MWL through gap analysis. Five factors related to MASS operation were defined, in addition to general factors. The case study was carried out by utilising the scheme on typical cases focusing on the normal navigational situation. The NASA task load index method was used to measure MWL. Ten deck officers with various ranks, including the third officer and captain, participated in the case study. The results suggested that various causes such as conflicted situations, machine–human interfaces, mechanical-style movements of the ship, reliability of MASS, and visibility constraints affect the MWL of operators. It also confirmed the verification of the identification scheme.

Relationship between mental workload and salivary cortisol levels: A field study

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-386
Author(s):  
Mojgan Zoaktafi ◽  
Reza Kazemi ◽  
Alireza Choobineh ◽  
AliAkbar SaboorYaraghi ◽  
Samane Nematolahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
High Level ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Mental workload (MW) assessment is a key point in research and development of human-machine interfaces in the workplace. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the relationship between mental workload and the amount of salivary cortisol amongst technicians of an Iranian combined cycle power plant. METHODS: A total of 18 technicians participated in this pilot study. First, task analysis was carried out to determine operation steps that forced us to separate them in to two groups. Next, the Visual, Auditory, Cognitive, and Psychomotor (VACP) technique and NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) questionnaire were used to examine their mental workload. Then, the operator’s salivary samples were collected at four specific times of both off and working days. Finally, the relationship between mental workload and salivary cortisol was examined with the analysis of Pearson correlation. RESULTS: The results of mental workload assessment with subjective methods showed a high level of mental workload amongst all technicians. No significant association was observed between the NASA-TLX questionnaire and VACP technique with concentration of salivary cortisol (p = 0.081). CONCLUSION: Based on the results, it can be concluded that salivary cortisol might not be an appropriate physiological method to assess mental workload, since cortisol levels are highly dependent on individuals’ circadian rhythm.

scholarly journals Human error probability analysis of overhead crane operation in steel fabrication company using SLIM-DEMATEL-ANP method

2018 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 05012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annisya Arumy Nurdiawati ◽  
Lukman Handoko ◽  
Am Maisarah Disrinama ◽  
Haidar Natsir Amrullah ◽  
Denny Dermawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Probability ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Analytic Network Process ◽  
Overhead Crane ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Is Success ◽  
Network Process ◽  
Steel Fabrication ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Error Probability

The accident record from a steel fabrication company in 2014-2017 shows that the most frequent accidents take place in overhead crane operation with a percentage of 42%. The overhead crane operation has the greatest potential of accidents with human error as the main cause. The purpose of this study is to determine what factors affect the occurrence of errors, to know how much HEPs, and to determine recommendations. The method used in this research is Success Likelihood Index Method (SLIM) with qualitative development using Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) which aims to establish the relationship among PSFs to be an easily comprehensible structured model by considering expert judgements and to solve dependency in a set of criteria. Analytic Network Process (ANP) is used to overcome the inconsistency of expert judgements and difficulty in selection and weighting. The calculation and analysis reveal that the highest Human Error Probability (HEP) value is shown by the task to handling or lifting with the value 0.000485. Impact assessment using the HEP value to determine probability and consequence is performed by expert judgements. Improvement recommendations are prioritized for high rating error tasks using Error Reduction Analysis.

scholarly journals Design and evaluation of UAV ground control station by considering human factors standards and guidelines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiwo Amida
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Ground Control Station ◽  
Programming Techniques ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Standards And Guidelines ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index

The majority of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) accidents can be directly related to human error. For this reason, standards and guidelines focusing on human factors have been published by various organizations such as Transport Canada, FAA, EASA, NASA and military agencies. The objective of this thesis is to present a methodology for designing a Ground Control Station (GCS) using available standards and guidelines for human factors. During the design process, a detailed analysis was performed using human factors methods to ensure all requirements were met; each phase of the design follows the guidelines presented in the compiled human factors standards and guidelines. The GCS interface was developed using advanced programming techniques and commercial off-the-shelf software. Moreover, an operator workload evaluation was carried out using NASA task load index for validation of design methodology. It was found that the applied methodology not only improved the pilot workload, but also ensured that all user and stakeholders’ requirements are met.

Perceived Mental Workload in an Endocopic Surgery Simulator

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1014-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina I. Klein ◽  
Michael A. Riley ◽  
Joel S. Warm ◽  
Gerald Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Surgery ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Normal Hand ◽  
Multiple Resource ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index ◽  
Surgery Simulator ◽  
Experimental Effort

Endoscopic surgery–a procedure wherein a target organ is displayed on a monitor and physicians use graspers to manipulate the tissue - has benefits for patients in terms of reduced blood loss, infection, and pain. However, physicians' informal reports indicate that this type of surgery is challenging to perform. These challenges arise from the need to view the target tissue on a monitor, resulting in reduced depth information as well as a disruption of the normal hand-eye mapping. This study represents the initial experimental effort to assess the workload demands experienced in an endoscopic surgery simulator using the NASA-Task Load Index (TLX), a well validated workload measure, and the Multiple Resource Questionnaire (MRQ), a newly developed workload scale. The TLX revealed that the workload experienced in the simulator was indeed high. Additionally, the MRQ revealed different workload profiles associated with different levels of handeye mapping disruption.

scholarly journals A-111 The Relationship between Bilingualism and Perceived Workload on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test in Traumatic Brain Injury Survivors

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 904-904
Author(s):  
Lopez-Hernandez D ◽  
Litvin P ◽  
Rugh-Fraser R ◽  
Cervantes R ◽  
Martinez F ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Perceived Workload ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective We evaluated perceived workload (measured by the NASA Task Load Index; NASA-TLX) as related to Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) performances in monolingual and bilingual traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors and healthy comparison participants (HC). Method The sample consisted of 28 TBI survivors (12 monolinguals & 16 bilinguals) and 50 HC (20 monolinguals & 30 bilinguals). SDMT written (SDMT-W) and SDMT oral (SDMT-O) were used to evaluate group differences. Results ANCOVA, controlling for age, revealed that the HC group outperformed the TBI group on SDMT-W, p = .001, and SDMT-O, p = .047. Furthermore, bilinguals outperformed monolinguals on SDMT-W, p = .017. On the NASA-TLX, an interaction emerged on temporal demand rating, p = .023, with TBI bilinguals reporting higher temporal demand on SDMT tasks compared to TBI monolinguals, while the HC monolingual participants reported higher temporal demands ratings compared to HC bilingual participants. Furthermore, monolingual participants showed higher levels of frustration with regard to the SDMT task compared to bilingual participants, p = .029. Conclusion Our data revealed TBI survivors underperformed on both SDMT trials compared to the HC participants. Also, bilingual participants demonstrated better SDMT-W performances compared to monolingual participants. Furthermore, our TBI bilingual sample reported themselves to be more rushed to complete the SDMT compared to monolingual TBI sample, but they were less frustrated. Meanwhile, our HC monolingual sample felt more rushed to complete the SDMT tasks compared to HC bilingual participants, but they were less frustrated. While we observed differences in workload ratings between language groups, it is unclear if language use, and/or other variables are driving these results.

Psychosocial Factors, Workload, and Human Error in a Simulated Pharmacy Dispensing Task

2001 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony F. Grasha ◽  
Kraig Schell
Keyword(s):  
Social Stress ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Cognitive Systems ◽  
Significant Other ◽  
Product Selection ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index ◽  
Relationship Of

Participants filled 42 orders on a task designed to simulate components of filling prescriptions. Task factors included objective workload of 70- versus 80-min. to complete the task and perceptions of workload dimensions using the NASA Task Load Index. The proportion and pattern of data-entry, counting, and product-selection errors were compatible with those found in pharmacy field-sites. Significant other relationship stress, field-dependence, and an 80-min. workpace predicted data-entry errors. Mistakes in product selection were associated with low GPA, high social stress, the NASA Task Load Index dimension of less concern with performing well, and a 70-min. workpace. Relationship of data to corresponding information in the pharmacy literarure and to assumptions of a cognitive-systems performance model was discussed.

scholarly journals Mental Workload of Local vs Remote Operator in Human-Machine Interaction Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Zimmer ◽  
Ali Al-Yacoub ◽  
Pedro Ferreira ◽  
Ella-Mae Hubbard ◽  
Niels Lohse
Keyword(s):  
Mental Workload ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Full Production ◽  
Interaction Task ◽  
Perceived Workload ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index

Since late 2019, a novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally. As a result, businesses were forced to send their workforce into remote working, wherever possible. While research in this area has seen an increase in studying and developing technologies that allow and support such remote working style, not every sector is currently prepared for such a transition. Especially the manufacturing sector has faced challenges in this regard. In this paper, the mental workload of two groups of participants is studied during a human-robot interaction task. Participants were asked to bring a robotised cell used in a dispensing task to full production by tuning system parameters. After the experiment, a self-assessment of the participants’ perceived mental workload using the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) was used. The results show that remote participants tend to have lower perceived workload compared to the local participants.

scholarly journals Human Reliability Using the Fault Tree Analysis. A Case Study of a Military Accident Investigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Nicolae ◽  
A. Cotorcea ◽  
Marian Ristea ◽  
Dinu Atodiresei
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Fault Tree ◽  
Fault Tree Analysis ◽  
Human Reliability ◽  
Tree Analysis ◽  
Safety Systems ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Critical Subsystems

Abstract The work integrates the human error term in the broader concept of human performance analysis. The main issues associated with human error and human reliability are highlighted step by step, resulting from the review of literature, from the perspective of the relationship between risk and safety. To assess the risks arising from human error and to reduce vulnerability of work, methods derived from the probabilistic assessment of the work safety systems are used. To identify the risks caused by the human error, the authors propose the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method. The paper reveals the way the method is used for identifying the critical subsystems for the functioning of a given system and analyzes how unwanted events and their causes arise and occur. Also, a case study that is investigated throuhg the FTA method and that consists in the analysis of an accident that occurred in Evangelos Florakis naval logistics base from Cyprus, is presented.

The Effects Of Anxiety And Seductive Details On Cognitive Load And Learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1151-1155
Author(s):  
Ecem Olcum ◽  
Valerie K. Sims
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Seductive Details ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Transfer And Retention ◽  
Learning Research ◽  
Meaningful Relationships ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index ◽  
The Relationship

This research seeks to understand the interaction between anxiety, seductive details, cognitive load, and learning. Research investigating the seductive details effect in learning and anxiety with relation to cognitive load has not reached a consistent conclusion. Additionally, to our knowledge, no previous study has looked at the relationship between anxiety and seductive details. Ninety five college students read a passage about lightning formation either with negative seductive details, neutral seductive details, or no seductive details. Learning performance was measured with transfer and retention tests, and cognitive load was measured by using NASA Task Load Index. The results indicated helpful effects of negative but not neutral seductive details on problem-solving test for individuals with higher fear from storms. Results showed no meaningful relationships between the seductive details effect, cognitive load, and learning performance. Anxiety producing information, in small amounts, can benefit higher order cognitive processing.

scholarly journals Surgery Task Load Index in Cardiac Surgery: Measuring Cognitive Load Among Teams

2020 ◽  
pp. 155335062093493
Author(s):  
Lauren R. Kennedy-Metz ◽  
Hill L. Wolfe ◽  
Roger D. Dias ◽  
Steven J. Yule ◽  
Marco A. Zenati
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Surgical Complexity ◽  
General Populations ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Background. The most commonly used subjective assessment of perceived cognitive load, the NASA Task Load Index (TLX), has proven valuable in measuring individual load among general populations. The surgery task load index (SURG-TLX) was developed and validated to measure cognitive load specifically among individuals within a surgical team. Notably, the TLX lacks temporal sensitivity in its typical retrospective administration. Objective. This study sought to expand the utility of SURG-TLX by investigating individual measures of cognitive load over time during cardiac surgery, and the relationship between individual and team measures of cognitive load and proxies for surgical complexity. Materials & Methods. SURG-TLX was administered retrospectively in the operating room immediately following each case to approximate cognitive load before, during, and after cardiopulmonary bypass for cardiac surgery team members (surgeon, anesthesiologist, and perfusionist). Correlations were calculated to determine the relationship of individual and team measures of cognitive load over the entire procedure with bypass length and surgery length. Results. Results suggest that perceived cognitive load varies throughout the procedure such that cognitive load during bypass significantly differs compared to before or after bypass, across all 3 roles. While on bypass, results show that anesthesiologists experience significantly lower levels of perceived cognitive load than both surgeons and perfusionists. Correlational analyses reveal that perceived cognitive load of both the surgeon and the team had significant positive associations with bypass length and surgery length. Conclusion. Our findings support the utility of SURG-TLX in real cardiac cases as a measure of cognitive load over time, and on an individual and team-wide basis.

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