scholarly journals Migration Groups: A Poorly Explored Point of View for Genetic Damage Assessment Using Comet Assay in Human Lymphocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4094
Author(s):  
Mónica Reynoso-Silva ◽  
Carlos Álvarez-Moya ◽  
Rafael Ramírez-Velasco ◽  
Alexis Gerardo Sámano-León ◽  
Erandi Arvizu-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Genetic Damage ◽  
Methyl Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Genotoxic Agents

A new point of view for genetic damage assessment using the comet assay is proposed based on the number of migration groups, the number of comets in each group, and the groups with the highest number of comets. Human lymphocytes were exposed to different concentrations of Methyl Methane Sulfonate (MMS), Maleic Hydrazide (MH), 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D), and N-nitroso diethylamine (NDEA). Using comet assay, the migration means of the comets were determined and later grouped arbitrarily in migration groups with no higher differences than 1 µc. The number of migration groups, the number of comets in each group, and the groups with the highest number of comets (modes) were determined. All four of the genotoxic agents studied showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the tail length and the number of migration groups compared to the negative control. The number of migration groups did not show a significant variation between the four-genotoxic agents nor within their different concentrations. However, the comparison of the modes did show differences between the genotoxic agents, but not within the concentrations of a same genotoxic agent, which indicated a determined chemical interaction on the DNA. These parameters can improve the detection of genetic damage associated with certain genotoxic agents.

DNA damage assessment by comet assay of human lymphocytes exposed to jet propulsion fuels

2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawna M. Jackman ◽  
Geraldine M. Grant ◽  
Christopher J. Kolanko ◽  
David A. Stenger ◽  
Joginder Nath
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Jet Propulsion

scholarly journals Effects of photopolymerisation on genotoxicity of composite adhesives in the comet assay

Genetika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 617-627
Author(s):  
Stefan Dacic ◽  
Ninoslav Djelic ◽  
Milena Radakovic ◽  
Nada Lakic ◽  
Aleksandar Veselinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Halogen Lamp ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Isolated Human Lymphocytes

Certain in vivo studies have shown that the application of adhesives directly onto the open pulp or on a thin layer of dentin causes inflammation and pulpal abscesses. This reaction is related to toxic effects of monomers from adhesives. It has been confirmed that after proper illumination the adhesives become less toxic. The aim of the study was to examine genotoxicity of non-polymerised, partly polymerised and polymerised adhesives on isolated human lymphocytes using the alkaline Comet assay. Adper Single bond2 and Adper Easy One/3M ESPE adhesive photopolymerisation was performed by Elipar Highlight 3M ESPE halogen lamp for 0, 10 and 40 sec, at final concentrations of 100, 200, 500 and 1000 ?g/mL. With both adhesives, photopolymerisation at 0 and 10 seconds showed statistically significant increase in DNA damage in comparision to the negative control (solvent). On the other hand, after 40 seconds of photopolymerisation of both adhesives in all tested concentrations, the degree of DNA damage in Comet assay had no significant difference (P>0.05, ?2 test) compared to the negative control. Therefore, only the 40 seconds of photopolymerisation prevented genotoxic effects of both adhesives in the Comet assay.

scholarly journals Application of Comet assay to assess the effects of white bean meal on DNA of human lymphocytes

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Lopes Silva Pereira ◽  
Silvana Marcussi ◽  
Lívia Cabral Sátiro ◽  
Chrystian Araujo Pereira ◽  
Larissa Fonseca Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Cellular Dna

This study was conducted to evaluate the potential induction of genotoxic effects of white bean flour using the Comet assay. The test was conducted with human lymphocytes present in whole blood immediately after collection, by incubation with white bean flour in three concentrations (3.92, 9.52 and 18.18 mg/mL) at 37 ºC for 4 h followed by preparation of slides. Samples were considered positive (above 20% damage) when the damage observed to cellular DNA was higher than the negative control. No genotoxic potential was found at the doses tested. However, it would be premature to suggest absence of risk to human health of DNA damage since the exposure of cells to the extract was restricted to four hours rather than a whole cell cycle. Additionally, further information on toxicology should be obtained in future studies.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic, clastogenic and genotoxic effects of cis-tetraammine(oxalato)ruthenium(III) dithionate on human peripheral blood lymphocytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e50517
Author(s):  
Manuela da Rocha Matos Rezende ◽  
Vivianne de Souza Velozo-Sá ◽  
Cesar Augusto Sam Tiago Vilanova-Costa ◽  
Elisangela Silveira-Lacerda
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

There is a concern about stablishing the clinical risk of drugs used for cancer treatment. In this study, the cytotoxic, clastogenic and genotoxic properties of cis-tetraammine(oxalato)ruthenium(III) dithionite - cis-[Ru(C2O4)(NH3)4]2(S2O6), were evaluated in vitro in human lymphocytes. The mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CA) and DNA damage by comet assay were also analyzed. The MTT test revealed that the ruthenium compound showed a slight cytotoxic effect at the highest concentration tested. The IC50 value for the compound after 24 hours of exposure was 185.4 µM. The MI values of human peripheral blood lymphocytes treated with 0.015, 0.15, 1.5 and 150 µM of cis-[Ru(C2O4)(NH3)4]2(S2O6) were 6.1, 3.9, 3.2 and 0.2%, respectively. The lowest concentration, 0.015 µM, did not show any cytotoxic activity. The CA values for the 0.015, 0.15 and 1.5 µM concentrations presented low frequency (1.5, 1.6 and 2.3%, respectively), and did not express clastogenic activity when compared to the negative control, although it was observed clastogenic activity in the highest concentration tested (150 µM). The results obtained by the comet assay suggest that this compound does not present genotoxic activity at lower concentrations. The results show that cis-[Ru(C2O4)(NH3)4]2(S2O6) has no cytotoxic, clastogenic or genotoxic in vitro effects at concentrations less than or equal to 0.015 µM. This information proves as promising in the treatment of cancer and is crucial for future trials.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Cytogenetic Status of Human Lymphocytes After Exposure to a High Concentration of Bee Venom In Vitro

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verica Garaj-Vrhovac ◽  
Goran Gajski
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Bee Venom ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
High Concentration

Evaluation of the Cytogenetic Status of Human Lymphocytes After Exposure to a High Concentration of Bee Venom In VitroSeveral studies have reported radioprotective, antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and anticancer effects of bee venom both in the cell and the whole organism. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a single high dose of 100 μg mL-1 of whole bee venom in human lymphocytes in vitro over a variety of time spans (from 10 min to 24 h). After the treatment, we used the comet assay and micronucleus test to see the effect of bee venom on the cell. The comet assay confirmed that the venom damaged the DNA molecule. Tail length, tail intensity, tail moment showed a significant increase (P<0.05). The percentage of long-tailed nuclei (LTN) with the tail length exceeding the 95th percentile also increased in a time-dependent manner. The micronucleus parameters (number of micronuclei, nucleoplasmic bridges, and nuclear buds) also showed a significant time-dependent increase (P<0.05). This research indicates that high concentrations of bee venom can lead to cellular instability. Further research is needed to understand the mechanism of action of bee venom and its components in human cells and to see if this natural product may find application in medicine.

Assessment of Genetic Damage Among Chewers of Mixture Containing Mainly Areca Nut and Tobacco

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 852-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayur S Joshi ◽  
Yogendra Verma ◽  
Anil K. Gautam ◽  
Vijay K. Shivgotra ◽  
Girish Parmar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Areca Nut ◽  
Tail Moment ◽  
Genetic Damage ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Cells With Micronuclei ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis

Chewing mixture containing areca nut and tobacco is believed to be associated with oral cancer. Habit of chewing such mixture is prevalent among South Asian countries. This study aimed to evaluate the genotoxic effect of areca nut and tobacco on human lymphocytes. Peripheral blood from 107 subjects (nonchewers, 48; chewers, 59, including 20 subjects with oral submucous fibrosis [OSMF]) analyzed by cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) and alkaline comet assay. Nuclear anomalies, namely, binucleated cells with micronuclei (BN MN), total MN, nucleoplasmic bridge, and nuclear buds were higher in chewers whereas elevation in BN MN and total MN were significant among subjects with OSMF than nonchewers. DNA damage assessed by comet assay showed increased percentage of Tail DNA, Tail moment, and Olive tail moment among chewers as well as OSMF subjects. Significant positive correlation was observed between induction of CBMN and consumption of quids per day ( r = .280, P = .033). Results suggested cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of mixture containing areca nut and tobacco.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of Genetic Damage in Cervical Nuclei and Lymphocytes in Women with Different Levels of Dysplasia and Cancer-Associated Risk Factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Carlos Alvarez-Moya ◽  
Mónica Reynoso-Silva ◽  
Alejandro A. Canales-Aguirre ◽  
José O. Chavez-Chavez ◽  
Hugo Castañeda-Vázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Genetic Damage ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Different Levels

The comet assay can be used to assess genetic damage, but heterogeneity in the length of the tails is frequently observed. The aims of this study were to evaluate genetic damage and heterogeneity in the cervical nuclei and lymphocytes from patients with different levels of dysplasia and to determine the risk factors associated with the development of cervical cancer. The study included 97 females who presented with different levels of dysplasia. A comet assay was performed in peripheral blood lymphocytes and cervical epithelial cells. Significant genetic damage (P≤0.05) was observed only in patients diagnosed with nuclei cervical from dysplasia III (NCDIII) and lymphocytes from dysplasia I (LDI). However, the standard deviations of the tail lengths in the cervical nuclei and lymphocytes from patients with dysplasia I were significantly different (P≤0.0001) from the standard deviations of the tail lengths in the nuclei cervical and lymphocytes from patients with DII and DIII (NCDII, NCDIII and LDII, LDIII), indicating a high heterogeneity in tail length. Results suggest that genetic damage could be widely present but only manifested as increased tail length in certain cell populations. This heterogeneity could obscure the statistical significance of the genetic damage.

Leucocytes DNA damage in mice exposed to JS-118 by the comet assay

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1297-1302
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Jiye Hu ◽  
Yuchao Zhang ◽  
Qianfei Zhao ◽  
Jun Ning
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Alkaline Comet Assay ◽  
Genetic Damage ◽  
Comet Tail ◽  
The Mean

JS-118 is an extensively used insecticide in China. The present study investigated the genotoxic effect of JS-118 on whole blood at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h by using alkaline comet assay. Male Kunming mice were given 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg BW of JS-118 intraperitoneally. A statistically significant increase in all comet parameters indicating DNA damage was observed at 24 h post-treatment ( p < 0.05). A clear concentration-dependent increase of DNA damage was revealed as evident by the OTM (arbitrary units), tail length (µm) and tail DNA (%). From 48 h post-treatment, a gradual decrease in mean comet parameters was noted. By 96 h of post-treatment, the mean comet tail length reached control levels indicating repair of damaged DNA. This study on mice showed different DNA damage depending on the concentration of JS-118 and the period of treatment. The present study provided further information of the potential risk of the genetic damage caused by JS-118.

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