Mesenchymal Stem Cell Applications in Spine Disorders: A Comprehensive Review

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are increasingly being employed in a number of orthopedic settings, in particular in the treatment of hip and knee osteoarthritis. Recently, the use MSCs has been investigated for different spine settings. However, the use of these cells is not yet widespread in the clinical practice. The aim of this review was to investigate the current literature regarding the use of MSCs in different spine conditions and discuss possible future applications. In particular, degenerative disc disease is the most studied field for MSC application, and is the only one that has already reached the clinical practice, albeit not routinely. Spinal cord injuries are another extensively investigated use of MSCs: despite encouraging preliminary results, a consensus on the efficacy of stem cell therapy for spinal cord injuries has not yet been reached, and their use is still only experimental.

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Clinical observation of a patient with chronic heart failure after mesenchymal stem cell implantation in outpatient conditions

Health and Ecology Issues ◽

10.51523/2708-6011.2021-18-2-19 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 131-139

Author(s):

O. L. Nikiforova ◽

L. N. Prikhodko ◽

P. N. Kovalchuk

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Chronic Heart Failure ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Clinical Observation ◽

Laboratory Studies ◽

Cell Implantation

The article presents a case of a successful application of mesenchymal stem cells in clinical practice and provides an analysis of literature sources on this topic, clinical data, and results of laboratory studies.

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Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Cartilage Defects of the Knee: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Outcomes

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546520986812 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036354652098681

Author(s):

Monketh Jaibaji ◽

Rawan Jaibaji ◽

Andrea Volpin

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Osteochondral Lesions ◽

Common Source ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Osteochondral Defects

Background: Osteochondral lesions are a common clinical problem and their management has been historically challenging. Mesenchymal stem cells have the potential to differentiate into chondrocytes and thus restore hyaline cartilage to the defect, theoretically improving clincal outcomes in these patients. They can also be harvested with minimal donor site morbidity. Purpose: To assess the clinical and functional outcomes of mesenchymal stem cell implantation to treat isolated osteochondral defects of the knee. A secondary purpose is to assess the quality of the current available evidence as well as the radiological and histological outcomes. We also reviewed the cellular preparation and operative techniques for implantation. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: A comprehensive literature search of 4 databases was carried out: CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, and PubMed. We searched for clinical studies reporting the outcomes on a minimum of 5 patients with at least 12 months of follow-up. Clinical, radiological, and histological outcomes were recorded. We also recorded demographics, stem cell source, culture technique, and operative technique. Methodological quality of each study was assessed using the modified Coleman methodology score, and risk of bias for the randomized controlled studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Results: Seventeen studies were found, encompassing 367 patients. The mean patient age was 35.1 years. Bone marrow was the most common source of stem cells utilized. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy consistently demonstrated good short- to medium-term outcomes in the studies reviewed with no serious adverse events being recorded. There was significant heterogeneity in cell harvesting and preparation as well as in the reporting of outcomes. Conclusion: Mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated a clinically relevant improvement in outcomes in patients with osteochondral defects of the knee. More research is needed to establish an optimal treatment protocol, long-term outcomes, and superiority over other therapies. Registration: CRD42020179391 (PROSPERO).

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Synergy of molecularly mobile polyrotaxane surfaces with endothelial cell co-culture for mesenchymal stem cell mineralization

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/d1ra01296g ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (30) ◽

pp. 18685-18692

Author(s):

Hiroki Masuda ◽

Yoshinori Arisaka ◽

Masahiro Hakariya ◽

Takanori Iwata ◽

Tetsuya Yoda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Endothelial Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Molecular Mobility ◽

Culture System

Molecular mobility of polyrotaxane surfaces promoted mineralization in a co-culture system of mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial cells.

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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Biological Function and Their Therapeutic Potential in Radiation Damage

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10010042 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 42

Author(s):

Xiaoyu Pu ◽

Siyang Ma ◽

Yan Gao ◽

Tiankai Xu ◽

Pengyu Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Radiation Damage ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Damage Model ◽

Bioactive Substances ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

Insight Into

Radiation-induced damage is a common occurrence in cancer patients who undergo radiotherapy. In this setting, radiation-induced damage can be refractory because the regeneration responses of injured tissues or organs are not well stimulated. Mesenchymal stem cells have become ideal candidates for managing radiation-induced damage. Moreover, accumulating evidence suggests that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells have a similar effect on repairing tissue damage mainly because these exosomes carry various bioactive substances, such as miRNAs, proteins and lipids, which can affect immunomodulation, angiogenesis, and cell survival and proliferation. Although the mechanisms by which mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes repair radiation damage have not been fully elucidated, we intend to translate their biological features into a radiation damage model and aim to provide new insight into the management of radiation damage.

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Cytotoxic Effect of Hypoxic Environment in Mesenchymal Stem Cell

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2251592 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (25) ◽

pp. 1592

Author(s):

Sevil Özer ◽

H. Seda Vatansever ◽

Feyzan Özdal-Kurt

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Hypoxic Condition ◽

Immunoperoxidase Technique ◽

Cellular Functions ◽

Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are used to repair hypoxic or ischemic tissue. After hypoxic the level of ATP is decreases, cellular functions do not continue and apoptosis or necrosis occur. Apoptosis is a progress of programmed cell death that occurs in normal or pathological conditions. In this study, we were investigated the hypoxic effect on apoptosis in mesenchymal stem cell. Bone marrow-derived stem cells were cultured in hypoxic (1% or 3%) or normoxic conditions 24, 96 well plates for 36 h. Cell viability was shown by MTT assay on 36 h. After fixation of cells with 4% paraformaldehyde, distributions of caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax with indirect immunoperoxidase technique, apoptotic cells with TUNEL assay were investigated. All staining results were evaluated using H-score analyses method with ANOVA, statistically. As a result, hypoxic condition was toxic for human mesenchymal stem cells and the number of death cell was higher in that than normoxic condition.

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Nuclear Export of Smads by RanBP3L Regulates Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation

Molecular and Cellular Biology ◽

10.1128/mcb.00121-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 35 (10) ◽

pp. 1700-1711 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Fenfang Chen ◽

Xia Lin ◽

Pinglong Xu ◽

Zhengmao Zhang ◽

Yanzhen Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Differentiation ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Nuclear Export ◽

Stem Cell Differentiation ◽

Bmp Signaling ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play vital roles in regulating stem cell maintenance and differentiation. BMPs can induce osteogenesis and inhibit myogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. Canonical BMP signaling is stringently controlled through reversible phosphorylation and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of Smad1, Smad5, and Smad8 (Smad1/5/8). However, how the nuclear export of Smad1/5/8 is regulated remains unclear. Here we report that the Ran-binding protein RanBP3L acts as a nuclear export factor for Smad1/5/8. RanBP3L directly recognizes dephosphorylated Smad1/5/8 and mediates their nuclear export in a Ran-dependent manner. Increased expression of RanBP3L blocks BMP-induced osteogenesis of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and promotes myogenic induction of C2C12 mouse myoblasts, whereas depletion of RanBP3L expression enhances BMP-dependent stem cell differentiation activity and transcriptional responses. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that RanBP3L, as a nuclear exporter for BMP-specific Smads, plays a critical role in terminating BMP signaling and regulating mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.

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Heterogeneity of Umbilical Cords as a Source for Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Dataset Papers in Biology ◽

10.7167/2013/370103 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

O. O. Maslova ◽

N. S. Shuvalova ◽

O. M. Sukhorada ◽

S. M. Zhukova ◽

O. G. Deryabina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Optimal Conditions ◽

Umbilical Cord Tissue ◽

Umbilical Cords

The object of the paper is to show the heterogeneity of 300 cord samples processed in the current research. The differences in effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) isolation are shown. Moreover, the recommendations for choosing the method of MSC isolation depending on the value of stromal-vascular rate are given. The data can be useful for selecting the optimal conditions to obtain MSC and for further cryopreservation of umbilical cord tissue.

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Enhancing therapeutic effects and in vivo tracking of adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells for liver injury using bioorthogonal click chemistry

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/d0nr07272a ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Naishun Liao ◽

Da Zhang ◽

Ming Wu ◽

Huang-Hao Yang ◽

Xiaolong Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Liver Injury ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Liver Diseases ◽

Therapeutic Effects

Adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy is attractive for liver diseases, but the long-term therapeutic outcome is still far from satisfaction due to low hepatic engraftment efficiency of...

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Corrigendum to “Therapeutic Potential of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Spinal Cord Injuries”

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2017/9438310 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-1 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Anna Zadroga ◽

Katarzyna Jezierska-Woźniak ◽

Joanna Czarzasta ◽

Monika Barczewska ◽

Joanna Wojtkiewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Spinal Cord Injuries ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Olfactory Ensheathing Cells ◽

Ensheathing Cells

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Effects of Co-Culture of Graphene Oxide Scaffolds with Different Concentrations and Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Stem Cells

10.21203/rs.3.rs-164379/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aifeng Liu ◽

Jixin Chen ◽

Shuwei Gong ◽

Qiang Wei ◽

Ye Yuan

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Graphene Oxide ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

High Porosity ◽

Proliferation And Differentiation ◽

Scaffold Materials ◽

The Impact

Abstract The main role of the scaffold materials is to enable cells to survive in the scaffold binding as while as to further promote their proliferation and differentiation ability. For mesenchymal stem cell, the scaffold could provide an environment for them to maintain their phenotype, and synthesize all necessary molecules and proteins. Generally, scaffold materials for stem cell need to possess basic characteristics such as high porosity, large surface area, surface rigidity and biodegradability. Thus, the two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) with oxygen-containing functional groups may be suitable scaffold materials for mesenchymal stem cell culture.MethodsIn this study, the effect of GO on the value-added differentiation activity of mesenchymal stem cell was systematically investigated. ResultsIt was found that low concentration of GO and sufficient concentration of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are suitable for the second Co-culture. Furthermore, the addition of hyaluronic acid will make this culture more evenly distributed. ConclusionsThe adsorption of GO on umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells can also make the two closely linked, which avoids the impact of animal joint activities on cells.

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