scholarly journals Digital Holographic Microscopy as Identifier of Ultrafine Particles Emitted during Fused Deposition Modelling

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Daniel Alberto García-Espinosa ◽  
Miguel León-Rodríguez ◽  
Pedro Yañez-Contreras ◽  
Israel Miguel-Andrés ◽  
José Alfredo Padilla-Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Digital Holographic Microscopy ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Holographic Microscopy

Additive manufacturing has acquired a global industrial panorama for being an alternative to redirect the industry towards sustainability. However, previous studies have indicated that fused deposition modelling (FDM) techniques are potential sources of particles that are harmful to health. For this reason, this work is focused on exploring the behaviour and distribution of FDM resultant nanoparticles from the most commonly used printable materials through alternative methods as digital holographic microscopy (DHM). In this paper, we present the feasibility of using DHM to determine the presence of nanoparticles in the FDM process. Experimental results validate this technology’s precision and provide extensive knowledge about the implications of the FDM on health. The measure of the thin films deposited in glass substrates was between a minimum of 9 nm to a maximum of 200 nm, in agreement with the previous studies.

Additive manufacturing of an automotive brake pedal by metal fused deposition modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I.M. Sargini ◽  
S.H. Masood ◽  
Suresh Palanisamy ◽  
Elammaran Jayamani ◽  
Ajay Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Brake Pedal ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Automotive Brake

Animal orthosis fabrication with additive manufacturing – a case study of custom orthosis for chicken

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiktoria Maria Wojnarowska ◽  
Jakub Najowicz ◽  
Tomasz Piecuch ◽  
Michał Sochacki ◽  
Dawid Pijanka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Aided Design

Purpose Chicken orthoses that cover the ankle joint area are not commercially available. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to fabricate a customised temporary Ankle–Foot Orthosis (AFO) for a chicken with a twisted ankle using computer-aided design (CAD) and three-dimensional (3D) printing. The secondary objective of the paper is to present the specific application of Additive Manufacturing (AM) in veterinary medicine. Design/methodology/approach The design process was based on multiple sketches, photos and measurements that were provided by the owner of the animal. The 3D model of the orthosis was made with Autodesk Fusion 360, while the prototype was fabricated using fused deposition modelling (FDM). Evaluation of the AFO was performed using the finite element method. Findings The work resulted in a functional 3D printed AFO for chicken. It was found that the orthosis made with AM provides satisfactory stiffen and a good fit. It was concluded that AM is suitable for custom bird AFO fabrication and, in some respects, is superior to traditional manufacturing methods. It was also concluded that the presented procedure can be applied in other veterinary cases and to other animal species and other parts of their body. AM provides veterinary with a powerful tool for the production of well-fitted and durable orthoses for animals. Research limitations/implications The study does not include the chicken's opinion on the comfort or fit of the manufactured AFO due to communication issues. Evaluation of the final prototype was done by the researchers and the animal owner. Originality/value No evidence was found in the literature on the use of AM for chicken orthosis, so this study is the first to describe such an application of AM. In addition, the study demonstrates the value of AM in veterinary medicine, especially in the production of devices such as orthoses.

scholarly journals Strength Comparison of FDM 3D Printed PLA Made by Different Manufacturers

TEM Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 966-970
Author(s):  
Damir Hodžić ◽  
Adi Pandžić ◽  
Ismar Hajro ◽  
Petar Tasić
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Manufacturing Technique ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Printing Parameters

Widely used additive manufacturing technique for plastic materials is Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The FDM technology has gained interest in industry for a wide range of applications, especially today when large number of different materials on the market are available. There are many different manufacturers for the same FDM material where the difference in price goes up to 50%. This experimental study investigates possible difference in strength of the 3D printed PLA material of five different manufacturers. All specimens are 3D printed on Ultimaker S5 printer with the same printing parameters, and they are all the same colour.

3D printing of clay paste enhanced by scrap polymer from powder bed processes

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Mele ◽  
Michele Ricciarelli ◽  
Giampaolo Campana
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Dimensional Error ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Polymer Fraction

Purpose Powder bed additive manufacturing processes are widespread due to their many technical and economic advantages. Nevertheless, the disposal of leftover powder poses a problem in terms of process sustainability. The purpose of this paper is to provide an alternative solution to recycle waste PA12 powder from HP multi jet fusion. In particular, the opportunity to use this material as a dispersion in three-dimensional (3D) printed clay is investigated. Design/methodology/approach A commercial fused deposition modelling printer was re-adapted to extrude a viscous paste composed of clay, PA12 and water. Once printed, parts were dried and then put in an oven to melt the polymer fraction. Four compositions with different PA12 concentration were studied. First, the extrudability of the paste was observed by testing different extrusion lengths. Then, the surface porosities were evaluated through microscopical observations of the manufactured parts. Finally, benchmarks with different geometries were digitalised via 3D scanning to analyse the dimensional alterations arising at each stage of the process. Findings Overall, the feasibility of the process is demonstrated. Extrusion tests revealed that the composition of the paste has a minor influence on the volumetric flow rate, exhibiting a better consistency in the case of long extrusions. The percentage of surface cavities was proportional to the polymer fraction contained in the mix. From dimensional analyses, it was possible to conclude that PA12 reduced the degree of shrinkage during the drying phase, while it increased dimensional alterations occurring in the melting phase. The results showed that the dimensional error measured on the z-axis was always higher than that of the XY plane. Practical implications The method proposed in this paper provides an alternative approach to reuse leftover powders from powder bed fusion processes via another additive manufacturing process. This offers an affordable and open-source solution to companies dealing with polymer powder bed fusion, allowing them to reduce their environmental impacts while expanding their production. Originality/value The paper presents an innovative additive manufacturing solution for powder reuse. Unlike the recycling methods in the body of literature, this solution does not require any intermediate transformation process, such as filament fabrication. Also, the cold material deposition enables the adoption of very inexpensive extrusion equipment. This preliminary study demonstrates the feasibility and the benefits of this process, paving the way for numerous future studies.

A review on advancements in applications of fused deposition modelling process

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sathies T. ◽  
Senthil P. ◽  
Anoop M.S.
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Rapid Tooling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Customized Products

Purpose Fabrication of customized products in low volume through conventional manufacturing incurs a high cost, longer processing time and huge material waste. Hence, the concept of additive manufacturing (AM) comes into existence and fused deposition modelling (FDM), is at the forefront of researches related to polymer-based additive manufacturing. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the research works carried on the applications of FDM. Design/methodology/approach In the present paper, an extensive review has been performed related to major application areas (such as a sensor, shielding, scaffolding, drug delivery devices, microfluidic devices, rapid tooling, four-dimensional printing, automotive and aerospace, prosthetics and orthosis, fashion and architecture) where FDM has been tested. Finally, a roadmap for future research work in the FDM application has been discussed. As an example for future research scope, a case study on the usage of FDM printed ABS-carbon black composite for solvent sensing is demonstrated. Findings The printability of composite filament through FDM enhanced its application range. Sensors developed using FDM incurs a low cost and produces a result comparable to those conventional techniques. EMI shielding manufactured by FDM is light and non-oxidative. Biodegradable and biocompatible scaffolds of complex shapes are possible to manufacture by FDM. Further, FDM enables the fabrication of on-demand and customized prosthetics and orthosis. Tooling time and cost involved in the manufacturing of low volume customized products are reduced by FDM based rapid tooling technique. Results of the solvent sensing case study indicate that three-dimensional printed conductive polymer composites can sense different solvents. The sensors with a lower thickness (0.6 mm) exhibit better sensitivity. Originality/value This paper outlines the capabilities of FDM and provides information to the user about the different applications possible with FDM.

scholarly journals Surface Preparation and Treatment for Large-Scale 3D-Printed Composite Tooling Coating Adhesion

Coatings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Sauerbier ◽  
James Anderson ◽  
Douglas Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
Coating Adhesion ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Composite Tooling ◽  
3D Printed

Recent advances in large-scale thermoplastic additive manufacturing (AM), using fused deposition modelling (FDM), have shown that the technology can effectively produce large aerospace tools with common feed stocks, costing 2.3 $/kg, such as a 20% carbon-filled acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Large-scale additive manufacturing machines have build-volumes in the range of cubic meters and use commercially available pellet feedstock thermoplastics, which are significantly cheaper (5–10 $/kg) than the filament feedstocks for desktop 3D printers (20–50 $/kg). Additionally, large-scale AM machines have a higher material throughput on the order of 50 kg/h. This enables the cost-efficient tool production for several industries. Large-scale 3D-printed tooling will be computerized numerical control (CNC)-machined and -coated, to provide a surface suitable for demolding the composite parts. This paper outlines research undertaken to review and improve the adhesion of the coating systems to large, low-cost AM composite tooling, for marine or infrastructure composite applications. Lower cost tooling systems typically have a lower dimensional accuracy and thermal operating requirements than might be required for aerospace tooling. As such, they can use lower cost commodity grade thermoplastics. The polymer systems explored in the study included polypropylene (PP), styrene-maleic anhydride (SMA), and polylactic acid (PLA). Bio-based filler materials were used to reduce cost and increase the strength and stiffness of the material. Fillers used in the study included wood flour, at 30% by weight and spray-dried cellulose nano-fibrils, at 20% by weight. Applicable adhesion of the coating was achieved with PP, after surface treatment, and untreated SMA and PLA showed desirable coating adhesion results. PLA wood-filled composites offered the best properties for the desired application and, furthermore, they have environment-friendly advantages.

Using digital holographic microscopy to study transparent thin films

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Tishko ◽  
T. V. Tishko ◽  
V. P. Titar'
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Digital Holographic Microscopy ◽  
Holographic Microscopy
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document