scholarly journals Dynamics of Fe, Mn, and Al Liberated from Contaminated Soil by Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acids and Their Effects on the Release of Soil-Borne Trace Elements

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhao Qin ◽  
Osim Enya ◽  
Chuxia Lin
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Variation Pattern ◽  
Organic Complexes ◽  
Oxalic Acids

A 15-day batch experiment was conducted to investigate the behaviours of Fe, Mn, and Al oxides upon attack by three common low-molecular-weight organic acids, and their effects on liberation of trace elements from a multi-contaminated soil. While the capacity of malic acid to mobilize soil-borne Fe, Mn, and Al was weaker compared to citric and oxalic acids, a similar trend was observed, showing that the concentration of dissolved Fe, Mn, and Al increased with increasing duration of the experiment. Marked increase in metal concentrations only took place after 5 or 7 days of the experiment. For the same organic acid treatment, Fe, Mn, and Al all showed a very similar temporal variation pattern. The concentration of dissolved Fe, Mn, and Al was markedly controlled by the total Fe, Mn, and Al contained in the soil, respectively. It appears that manganese oxides were more reactive to the organic acids, as compared to their Fe and Al counterparts. However, when multiple organic acids were present, the soil-borne Fe, Mn, and Al were mobilized rapidly within the first 5 or 7 days of the experiment and then tended to decrease. The formation of insoluble Fe, Mn, and Al organic complexes tended to be enhanced due to co-existence of multiple organic acids, resulting in the re-immobilization of the dissolved Fe, Mn, and Al. The organic acid-driven dissolution of Fe, Mn, or Al had a major control on the mobilization of As, Cr, Zn, Ni, Cu, and Cd that were bound to these oxides with a correlation coefficient being frequently greater than 0.9 for As, Cr, Zn, and Ni.

scholarly journals Organic acids effects on desorption of heavy metals from a contaminated soil

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clístenes Williams Araújo do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
High Biomass ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Accumulation Of Metals ◽  
Pb Concentration ◽  
Oxalic Acids

Phytoremediation of heavy metals is a biotechnology that extracts metals from soils and transfer them to plant. As hyperaccumulator species have demonstrated low potential for commercial phytoextraction, synthetic chelates have been successfully used to induce accumulation of metals by high-biomass plants. However, they pose serious environmental drawbacks regarding excessive amount of metals solubilized. In search for synthetic chelate-alternatives, this paper evaluate the performance of DTPA, EDTA, citric acid, oxalic acid, vanillic acid, and gallic acid in desorbing Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Ni from soil. DTPA and EDTA were highly effective in desorbing Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Ni from soil. However, the excessively high concentration of metals brought in solution by such chelates limits their application in the field. Citric and oxalic acids desorbed substantial quantities of Zn, Cu, and Ni if applied at 10 or 20 mmol kg-1. At the 20 mmol kg-1 dose, vanillic and gallic acids solubilized significant amounts of Zn, Ni, and Cd from soil. None of the tested low molecular weight organic acids substantially increased the Pb concentration in soil solution.

Mitigation mechanism of Cd-contaminated soils by different levels of exogenous low-molecular-weight organic acids and Phytolacca americana

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (56) ◽  
pp. 45502-45509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Liu ◽  
Yun-guo Liu ◽  
Guang-ming Zeng ◽  
Jie-li Xie ◽  
Bo-hong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Phytolacca Americana ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Fast Growth Rate

Phytolacca americana L. (pokeweed) is a promising plant for phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil, with its large biomass and fast growth rate.

Multi-step column leaching using low-molecular-weight organic acids for remediating vanadium- and chromium-contaminated soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 15406-15413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Zou ◽  
Yuchen Gao ◽  
Soyoung Yi ◽  
Jianguo Jiang ◽  
Aikelaimu Aihemaiti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Column Leaching

scholarly journals Organic acids in the rhizosphere and phytoavailability of sewage sludge-borne trace elements

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 917-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Marlene Moreno Pires ◽  
Giuliano Marchi ◽  
Maria Emília Mattiazzo ◽  
Luiz Roberto Guimarães Guilherme
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Average Composition ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Linear Correlation Analysis ◽  
Treatment Concentration ◽  
Oxalic Acids

The aim of this work was to quantify low molecular weight organic acids in the rhizosphere of plants grown in a sewage sludge-treated media, and to assess the correlation between the release of the acids and the concentrations of trace-elements in the shoots of the plants. The species utilized in the experiment were cultivated in sand and sewage sludge-treated sand. The acetic, citric, lactic, and oxalic acids, were identified and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography in samples collected from a hydroponics system. Averages obtained from each treatment, concentration of trace elements in shoots and concentration of organic acids in the rhizosphere, were compared by Tukey test, at 5% of probability. Linear correlation analysis was applied to verify an association between the concentrations of organic acids and of trace elements. The average composition of organic acids for all plants was: 43.2, 31.1, 20.4 and 5.3% for acetic, citric, lactic, and oxalic acids, respectively. All organic acids evaluated, except for the citric acid, showed a close statistical agreement with the concentrations of Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn found in the shoots. There is a positive relationship between organic acids present in the rhizosphere and trace element phytoavailability.

scholarly journals Understanding the primary emissions and secondary formation of gaseous organic acids in the oil sands region of Alberta, Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 8411-8427 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Liggio ◽  
Samar G. Moussa ◽  
Jeremy Wentzell ◽  
Andrea Darlington ◽  
Peter Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Box Model ◽  
Chemical Mechanism ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Airborne Measurements ◽  
Secondary Formation

Abstract. Organic acids are known to be emitted from combustion processes and are key photochemical products of biogenic and anthropogenic precursors. Despite their multiple environmental impacts, such as on acid deposition and human–ecosystem health, little is known regarding their emission magnitudes or detailed chemical formation mechanisms. In the current work, airborne measurements of 18 gas-phase low-molecular-weight organic acids were made in the summer of 2013 over the oil sands region of Alberta, Canada, an area of intense unconventional oil extraction. The data from these measurements were used in conjunction with emission retrieval algorithms to derive the total and speciated primary organic acid emission rates, as well as secondary formation rates downwind of oil sands operations. The results of the analysis indicate that approximately 12 t day−1 of low-molecular-weight organic acids, dominated by C1–C5 acids, were emitted directly from off-road diesel vehicles within open pit mines. Although there are no specific reporting requirements for primary organic acids, the measured emissions were similar in magnitude to primary oxygenated hydrocarbon emissions, for which there are reporting thresholds, measured previously ( ≈  20 t day−1). Conversely, photochemical production of gaseous organic acids significantly exceeded the primary sources, with formation rates of up to  ≈  184 t day−1 downwind of the oil sands facilities. The formation and evolution of organic acids from a Lagrangian flight were modelled with a box model, incorporating a detailed hydrocarbon reaction mechanism extracted from the Master Chemical Mechanism (v3.3). Despite evidence of significant secondary organic acid formation, the explicit chemical box model largely underestimated their formation in the oil sands plumes, accounting for 39, 46, 26, and 23 % of the measured formic, acetic, acrylic, and propionic acids respectively and with little contributions from biogenic VOC precursors. The model results, together with an examination of the carbon mass balance between the organic acids formed and the primary VOCs emitted from oil sands operations, suggest the existence of significant missing secondary sources and precursor emissions related to oil sands and/or an incomplete mechanistic and quantitative understanding of how they are processed in the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Formation of ternary organic acids-Fe-P complexes on the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum)

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 702-706
Author(s):  
Djalma E. Schmitt ◽  
Luciano C. Gatiboni ◽  
Daniel J. D. Orsoletta ◽  
Gustavo Brunetto
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Ternary Complex ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Subtropical Soils ◽  
Fe Complex ◽  
Formation Of Complexes

ABSTRACT Phosphorus (P) reacts with chemical and mineralogical constituents in the soil, mainly in tropical and subtropical soils. Therefore, strategies have been used to reduce the adsorption of P to the soil, among them, the formation of complexes that could decrease P adsorption to the soil. Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the formation of organic acid-Fe-P complexes in the laboratory and the efficiency of these complexes on the growth of wheat plants (T. aestivum) grown under greenhouse conditions. In experiment 1, seven low-molecular-weight organic acids (OA) were selected and a protocol for the formation of complexes between organic acid and Fe3+ at pH 4.0 was performed. After stirring, P was added to the organic acid-Fe complex to form the ternary complex. The remaining P was evaluated to determine the amount of P in the complex. In experiment 2, the three OAs which had the largest amount of complexes were selected, together with a treatment with soluble P and a control. Wheat was grown in potted soil in a greenhouse for 34 days. The amount of ternary organic acid-Fe-P complexes formed varied from 5 to 42% of the added P. However, when these complexes were added to the soil, in treatments with greater amount of complex formed there was lower growth of wheat. Thus, the ternary complex with organic acid-Fe-P has little effect on the performance of wheat plants.

scholarly journals Development of an online-coupled MARGA upgrade for the two-hourly quantification of low-molecular weight organic acids in the gas and particle-phase

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastian Stieger ◽  
Gerald Spindler ◽  
Dominik van Pinxteren ◽  
Achim Grüner ◽  
Markus Wallasch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Gradient System ◽  
Particle Phase ◽  
Separation Columns

Abstract. A method is presented to quantify the low-molecular weight organic acids formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, pyruvic, glycolic, oxalic, malonic, succinic, malic, glutaric, and methanesulfonic acid in the atmospheric gas and particle phase in a two-hourly time resolution, based on a combination of the Monitor for AeRosols and Gases in ambient Air (MARGA) and an additional ion chromatography (IC) instrument. A proper separation of the organic target acids was initially tackled by a laboratory IC optimization study, testing different separation columns, eluent compositions and eluent flow rates both for isocratic and for gradient elution. Satisfactory resolution of all compounds was achieved using a gradient system with two coupled anion exchange separation columns. Online pre-concentration with an enrichment factor of approximately 400 was achieved by solid phase extraction consisting of a methacrylate polymer based sorbent with quaternary ammonium groups. The limits of detection of the method range between 7.1 ng m−3 for methanesulfonate and 150.3 ng m−3 for pyruvate. Precisions are below 1.0 %, except for glycolate (2.9 %) and succinate (1.0 %). Comparisons of inorganic anions measured at the TROPOS research site in Melpitz, Germany, by the original MARGA and the additional organic acid IC systems are in agreement with each other (R2 = 0.95 − 0.99). Organic acid concentrations from May 2017 as an example period are presented. Monocarboxylic acids were dominant in the gas phase with mean concentrations of 553 ng m−3 for acetic acid, followed by formic (286 ng m−3), pyruvic acid (182 ng m−3), propionic (179 ng m−3), butyric (98 ng m−3) and glycolic (71 ng  m−3). Particulate glycolate, oxalate and methanesulfonate were quantified with mean concentrations of 63 ng  m−3, 74 ng m−3 and 35 ng m−3, respectively. Elevated concentrations in the late afternoon of gas phase formic acid and particulate oxalate indicate a photochemical formation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document