scholarly journals Dynamic Responses of Liquid Storage Tanks Caused by Wind and Earthquake in Special Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Jing ◽  
Huan Feng ◽  
Xuansheng Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Interference Effect ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Tank Wall ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Earthquake Interaction ◽  
Liquid Storage ◽  
Liquid Storage Tank

Based on potential flow theory and arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method, shell–liquid and shell–wind interactions are solved respectively. Considering the nonlinearity of tank material and liquid sloshing, a refined 3-D wind–shell–liquid interaction calculation model for liquid storage tanks is established. A comparative study of dynamic responses of liquid storage tanks under wind, earthquake, and wind and earthquake is carried out, and the influences of wind speed and wind interference effect on dynamic responses of liquid storage tank are discussed. The results show that when the wind is strong, the dynamic responses of the liquid storage tank under wind load alone are likely to be larger than that under earthquake, and the dynamic responses under wind–earthquake interaction are obviously larger than that under wind and earthquake alone. The maximum responses of the tank wall under wind and earthquake are located in the unfilled area at the upper part of the tank and the filled area at the lower part of the tank respectively, while the location of maximum responses of the tank wall under wind–earthquake interaction is related to the relative magnitude of the wind and earthquake. Wind speed has a great influence on the responses of liquid storage tanks, when the wind speed increases to a certain extent, the storage tank is prone to damage. Wind interference effect has a significant effect on liquid storage tanks and wind fields. For liquid storage tanks in special environments, wind and earthquake effects should be considered reasonably, and wind interference effects cannot be ignored.

Investigation on Buckling Behavior of Cylindrical Liquid Storage Tanks Under Seismic Excitation: 1st Report — Investigation on Elephant Foot Bulge

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Ito ◽  
Hideyuki Morita ◽  
Koji Hamada ◽  
Akihisa Sugiyama ◽  
Yoji Kawamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Tank ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
Liquid Storage ◽  
Shear Buckling ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Liquid Storage Tank

When a thin walled cylindrical liquid storage tank suffers a large seismic base excitation, buckling phenomena may be caused such as bending buckling at the bottom portion and shear buckling at the middle portion of the tank. However, the dynamic behaviors of the tanks is not fully clarified, especially those from the occurrence of buckling to some failures. In this study, bending buckling phenomena were focused which will be categorized as diamond buckling and elephant foot bulge. As ones of a series of studies, dynamic buckling tests were performed using large scale liquid storage tank models simulating thin walled cylindrical liquid storage tanks in nuclear power plants. The input seismic acceleration was increased until the elephant foot bulge occurred, and the vibrational behavior before and after buckling was investigated. In addition to the large scaled model tests, fundamental tests using small scaled tank models were also performed in order to clarify the effects of dynamic liquid pressure on the buckling threshold and deformation patterns.

Seismic Response Analysis of Large Liquid Storage Tanks

2012 ◽  
Vol 166-169 ◽  
pp. 2490-2493
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
You Hai Guan
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Seismic Response Analysis ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Liquid Storage ◽  
Liquid Storage Tank

Due to frequent earthquakes in recent years, the seismic safety of large storage tank is very important. In this paper, seismic response of large liquid storage tanks is analyzed. A model for liquid storage tank is established firstly. By modality analysis, dynamic behavior of large storage tank is obtained. After the model is excitated by seismic, seismic responses are obtained. The conclusions show that, without considering liquid-solid coupling, "elephant foot" buckling phenomenon doesn’t appear. This study provides reference for seismic design and seismic performance study of large storage tank.

Earthquake Response of Base-Isolated Liquid Storage Tanks for Different Isolator Models

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (05) ◽  
pp. 1450013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandip Kumar Saha ◽  
Vasant A. Matsagar ◽  
Arvind K. Jain
Keyword(s):  
Storage Tank ◽  
Slenderness Ratio ◽  
Earthquake Response ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Liquid Storage ◽  
Equivalent Linear ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Liquid Storage Tank

The effect of different isolator parameters on earthquake response of base-isolated liquid storage tanks is investigated herein. Mechanical analog, with three lumped masses, is used to model ground supported base-isolated liquid storage tank, and analyzed for recorded earthquake ground accelerations. The nonlinear force–deformation behavior of the isolator is mathematically modeled in two different ways, represented by (a) equivalent linear elastic-viscous and (b) bi-linear hysteretic behaviors. The equations of motion for the base-isolated tank are derived and solved in the incremental form using Newmark's step-by-step method of integration. Two different configurations of liquid storage tank (i.e. broad and slender) are considered to show the effect of the equivalent linear and bi-linear modeling of the isolator on the important earthquake response quantities. Effect of nonlinear hysteretic modeling of the isolator on peak response of the base-isolated liquid storage tanks is also investigated. The effect on earthquake response of the base-isolated liquid storage tank is studied for different parameters of the isolator for a range of slenderness ratio of the tank. The parameters considered include the characteristic strength of the isolator, isolation time period, isolator yield displacement etc. Significant difference is observed in the earthquake response of the base-isolated liquid storage tanks owing to the equivalent linear and bi-linear modeling approaches of the isolator. However, for bi-linear and nonlinear hysteretic modeling of the isolator, difference between the peak earthquake response of base-isolated liquid storage tanks are insignificant. The earthquake response of base-isolated liquid storage tanks is significantly influenced by the variation in the isolator parameters and slenderness ratio of the tank.

Boundary Element Method for Fluid-Structure Interaction Problems in Liquid Storage Tanks

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.-T. Hwang ◽  
K. Ting
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Boundary Element Method ◽  
Boundary Element ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Hydrodynamic Interactions ◽  
Tank Wall ◽  
Liquid Storage ◽  
Liquid Storage Tank ◽  
Elastic Tank ◽  
Element Method

The dynamic response of liquid storage tank, including the hydrodynamic interactions, subjected to earthquake excitations is studied by the combinations of boundary element method and finite element procedure in this paper. The tank wall and inviscid fluid domain are treated as two substructures of the total system-coupled through the hydrodynamic pressures. The boundary element method is employed to determine the hydrodynamic pressures associated with small amplitude excitations and negligible surface wave effects in fluid domain which are expressed as the frequency-dependent terms related with the natural vibration modes of elastic tank alone. These terms are incorporated into the finite element formulation of elastic tank in frequency domain and the generalized displacements are computed by synthesizing their complex frequency response using Fast-Fourier Transform procedure. Thus, the hydrodynamic interactions between the elastic flexible tank wall and the fluid are then solved. To demonstrate the accuracy and validity of the solution procedure developed herein, numerical examples are analyzed. Good correlations between the computed results with the referenced solutions in literature can be noted. The effects of fluid compressibility and tank flexibility are also evaluated in this work. Finally, the dynamic response of liquid storage tank due to seismic excitations is also analyzed.

scholarly journals Quantifying alkane emissions in the Eagle Ford Shale using boundary layer enhancement

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Roest ◽  
Gunnar Schade
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Emission Rate ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Back Trajectory ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Eagle Ford Shale ◽  
Eagle Ford ◽  
Liquid Storage ◽  
Liquid Storage Tank

Abstract. The Eagle Ford Shale in southern Texas is home to a booming unconventional oil and gas industry, the climate and air quality impacts of which remain poorly quantified due to uncertain emissions estimates. We used the atmospheric enhancement of alkanes from Texas Commission on Environmental Quality volatile organic compound monitors across the shale, in combination with back trajectory and dispersion modeling, to quantify C2–C4 alkane emissions for a region in southern Texas, including the core of the Eagle Ford, for a set of 68 days from July 2013 to December 2015. Emissions were partitioned into raw natural gas and liquid storage tank sources using gas and headspace composition data, respectively, and observed enhancement ratios. We also estimate methane emissions based on typical ethane-to-methane ratios in gaseous emissions. The median emission rate from raw natural gas sources in the shale, calculated as a percentage of the total produced natural gas in the upwind region, was 0.8 % with an interquartile range (IQR) of 0.5 %–1.4 %, close to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) current estimates. However, storage tanks contributed 24 % of methane emissions, 54 % of ethane, 82% percent of propane, 90 % of n-Butane, and 83 % of isobutane emissions. The inclusion of liquid storage tank emissions results in an emission rate of 2.2 % (IQR of 0.9 4.9 %) relative to produced natural gas, exceeding the EPA estimate by a factor of two. We conclude that leaks from liquid storage tanks are likely a major source for the observed non-methane hydrocarbon enhancements in the northern hemisphere.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Dynamic Response of a Concrete Rectangular Liquid Storage Tank on Rigid Soil Subjected to Three-Directional Ground Motion

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4688
Author(s):  
Chae-Been Lee ◽  
Jin-Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Hydrodynamic Pressure ◽  
Relative Displacement ◽  
Material Nonlinearity ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Base Shear ◽  
Liquid Storage ◽  
Liquid Storage Tank

The dynamic responses of a concrete rectangular liquid storage tank on the surface of rigid soil subjected to three-directional earthquake ground motion are investigated with material nonlinearity taken into consideration. Material nonlinearity in concrete is considered using the concrete damage plasticity model. The hydrodynamic pressure due to earthquake ground motion is considered using a finite-element solution of the governing equation for an inviscid and incompressible ideal fluid with the fluid–structure interaction taken into consideration. It was observed from the dynamic analyses that the effects of material nonlinearity and directionality significantly affect the earthquake responses of the considered system. The relative displacement of the structure increased significantly by the nonlinearity of the material. Inclined cracks due to the increased displacement were observed on the long-sided walls. The hydrodynamic pressure can be reduced significantly by the material nonlinearity and is influenced by the directionality of an earthquake’s ground motion. The base shear and overturning moment due to the hydrodynamic pressure and the resulting impulsive mass and corresponding height for a simplified mass-spring analogy are also affected. Because the directionality was observed to have a significant influence on the peak value of the sloshing height, it must be estimated with the directionality considered.

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