scholarly journals Intelligibility and Listening Effort of Spanish Oesophageal Speech

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 3233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha Raman ◽  
Luis Serrano ◽  
Axel Winneke ◽  
Eva Navas ◽  
Inma Hernaez
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Speech Recognition ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Listening Effort ◽  
Word Error Rate ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Sentence Recognition ◽  
Listening Tests ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
Huge Challenge

Communication is a huge challenge for oesophageal speakers, be it for interactions with fellow humans or with digital voice assistants. We aim to quantify these communication challenges (both human–human and human–machine interactions) by measuring intelligibility and Listening Effort (LE) of Oesophageal Speech (OS) in comparison to Healthy Laryngeal Speech (HS). We conducted two listening tests (one web-based, the other in laboratory settings) to collect these measurements. Participants performed a sentence recognition and LE rating task in each test. Intelligibility, calculated as Word Error Rate, showed significant correlation with self-reported LE ratings. Speaker type (healthy or oesophageal) had a major effect on intelligibility and effort. More LE was reported for OS compared to HS even when OS intelligibility was close to HS. Listeners familiar with OS reported less effort when listening to OS compared to nonfamiliar listeners. However, such advantage of familiarity was not observed for intelligibility. Automatic speech recognition scores were higher for OS compared to HS.

Estimation of Users’ Subjective Difficulty of WEB Based English Listening Tests

2011 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 800-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayuko Shigeta ◽  
Takeshi Koike ◽  
Kazuhiko Hamamoto ◽  
Kiyoshi Nosu
Keyword(s):  
Web Based ◽  
Listening Tests

scholarly journals Evaluation of Automatic Speech Recognition Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Xavier Sampaio ◽  
Regis Pires Magalhães ◽  
Ticiana Linhares Coelho da Silva ◽  
Lívia Almada Cruz ◽  
Davi Romero de Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Automatic Speech Recognition ◽  
Smart Homes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Recognition Systems ◽  
Microsoft Azure

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is an essential task for many applications like automatic caption generation for videos, voice search, voice commands for smart homes, and chatbots. Due to the increasing popularity of these applications and the advances in deep learning models for transcribing speech into text, this work aims to evaluate the performance of commercial solutions for ASR that use deep learning models, such as Facebook Wit.ai, Microsoft Azure Speech, and Google Cloud Speech-to-Text. The results demonstrate that the evaluated solutions slightly differ. However, Microsoft Azure Speech outperformed the other analyzed APIs.

scholarly journals Does Technology Impact on Teaching Styles or Do Teaching Styles Impact on Technology in the Delivery of Higher Education?

10.28945/2792 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Jewels ◽  
Carmen de Pablos Heredero ◽  
Marilyn Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Distance Education ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Teaching Styles ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Practice Teaching ◽  
Institutional Adoption

Although there are many teaching styles in higher education, they can usually be reduced to two: the traditional, on campus attendance, lecturing, student-passive style and the newer, distance education, self-paced, student-active style. It is the contention of this paper, illustrated by two case studies of one Spanish and one Australian university, that the differences in technology seem to have evolved due to these different teaching styles. On the other hand, both institutions seem to be in the same stage of technological implementation, although the technological product appears different. A discussion is provided to consider the interaction effects in practice, teaching styles and institutional adoption stage on web based technologies in these two universities.

Prediction of Soil Particle Size Fraction using Geographically Weighted Regression and Random Forest

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 683-693
Author(s):  
Henny Pramoedyo ◽  
Novi Nur Aini ◽  
Sativandi Riza ◽  
Danang Ariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Terrain Attributes ◽  
Soil Fraction ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Gwr Model

The development of spatial modeling for soil properties has progressed in recent decades. This responds to the growing demand for land spatial data and exact soil property prediction for agronomical reasons, particularly in precision farming, in order to speed up precision agricultural activities. In this regards a comparison of the GWR and RF models was carried out in order to determine which model is the best at forecasting surface soil texture and how dependable each model is at doing so. The purpose of this research is to get the best model in predicting particle soil fraction (PSF). 50 topsoil samples were collected from several locations in the Kalikonto Watershed, Indonesia, and the soil PSF (sand, silt, and clay) in the upper 10 cm varied. The LMV, slope, and elevation were calculated using DEM data and utilized as predictor variables. As a result, the weighting of the GWR model has a considerable impact on the final model, and all other factors have a major effect on the PSF determination. The RF, on the other hand, looks to be superior than the GWR variants. The RF model outperformed the other models in every PSF variable. This study reveals that topsoil quality and terrain attributes are linked, which may be assessed using field measurements and model projections. More research is needed to generate more efficient input parameters that will help with soil variability precision and accuracy of soil map products.

Looking for needles in a haystack: how do ebook reader applications handle active indexes? Part 4 - smartphones

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34
Author(s):  
Mary Coe ◽  
Jan Wright
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Smartphone Applications ◽  
Tablet Devices ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Third ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Complex Question

Indexes in ebooks can be ‘active’, with hyperlinks into the text. Should these links go to the page, paragraph, line or word level? This is a complex question, but the main concern may be the user interface in ebook reader applications. In this last article of a four-part series, Mary Coe and Jan Wright report on their investigation of how active ebook indexes are handled by applications on smartphones. They conclude that smartphone applications perform reasonably well but do not handle all levels of locator specificity with precision and that small smartphone screens can lead to problems with index display and use. They also conclude the series with a summary of their findings across all ereading applications and devices. (See also the other articles in this series - the first part on Web-based browser ereader applications in The Indexer 37(2), pp. 125-40; the second part on dedicated ereader devices in The Indexer 38(1), pp. 29-44; and the third part on tablet devices in The Indexer 38(3), pp. 271-89.)

Enhancing the Daily Routines of Equine Veterinarians Using Mobile Technology

2018 ◽  
pp. 194-213
Author(s):  
Sonja Leskinen
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Mobile Technology ◽  
Support System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Mobile Interface ◽  
Horse Owners ◽  
The Web

The goal of this paper is to introduce and understand the equine veterinarians' needs in their daily routines and develop a web-based support system to promote their work. An equine veterinarian works in both clinic and stable environments, which requires resilience and smart functionality from the support system's interfaces. Especially when horse treatment is in the stable environment, a mobile interface is required. The development of the system must also take into account the needs of the other stakeholders around horses. This paper introduces the requirements to develop a mobile interface for the web-based support system, m-equine. The trial of m-equine will start with an influenza vaccination protocol that is used by veterinarians, horse owners and riders as well as competition organizers. In conclusion the future developments and added values of the system are introduced.

Modelling and Analysis of Web-Based CourseWare Systems

2000 ◽  
pp. 155-173
Author(s):  
Lam Chi-Yung ◽  
Cheung Shing-Chi
Keyword(s):  
Information Structure ◽  
Formal Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Case Tools ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Dynamic Components ◽  
The One ◽  
Computer Aided Software Engineering

Designing reliable Web-based courseware systems is not trivial. Courseware authors need to allow as much flexibility in navigating through the system as possible on the one hand, and to ensure the satisfaction of properties and constraints in the system on the other. The problem is aggravated with facilities like Java applets which incorporate dynamic behaviour into the information structure. These issues motivate the need for designing such systems through rigorous modelling and analysis. We propose a scheme using a formal method called the Calculus of Communicating Systems (CCS) to unify the modelling of the courseware based on its navigational structure, semantics and dynamic components. Properties like ordering constraint, reachability and coverage constraint can be answered after a model is extracted from the implementation. Besides, our approach can be extended to assist in the design phase of the construction process, just like what computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools do. A hypothetical example is used throughout the chapter as an illustration.

Conditions for Web-Based Learning with Real Events

2000 ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theo J. Bastiaens ◽  
Rob L. Martens
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
Independent Learning ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Distance Training ◽  
Web Based Learning ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Self Study ◽  
The World ◽  
Professional Context

This chapter presents two converging developments. Traditionally, learning at schools or universities and working in a professional context were relatively separated. Companies often complain that students know a lot ‘facts’ but are not ‘competent.’ On the other hand at schools and universities students often complain that they can’t see the relevance of a certain subject. This chapter deals with the two converging worlds: traditional distance training (such as employed at for instance open universities all over the world) and in company training. ICT and competence-based education are bringing the two together, resulting in a combined working/learning mode, which we will describe as learning with real cases. This leads to more self-study or independent learning. Figure 1 presents an overview of the different facets of the tendency to learn with real cases. This chapter will start with a description of distance education since many things can be learned from this. Then, developments in the business or professional context will be presented. We will stress that there is a convergence leading to ‘learning with real cases’. After a description of this development, learning with real cases, as well as pitfalls and recommendations will be discussed.

How to put yourself in someone else’s shoes: The role of point-of-view in the interpretation of mixed messages

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-238
Author(s):  
Nikos Vergis
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mixed Messages ◽  
Communicative Role ◽  
The Way

AbstractDoes having a communicative role other than the speaker’s make a difference to the way pragmatic meaning is construed? Standard paradigms in interpersonal pragmatics have implicitly assumed a speaker-centric perspective over the years, however modern approaches have re-considered the role of listener evaluations. In the present study, I examine whether assuming different communicative roles (speaker, listener, observer) results in varying interpretations. A web-based experiment revealed that participants who took the perspective of different characters in short stories differed in the way they interpreted what the speaker meant. In most cases, participants in the role of the listener interpreted speaker meaning in more negative ways than participants in the other roles. The present study suggests that the directionality of the difference (negative inferences under the listener’s perspective) could be explained by taking into account affective factors.

scholarly journals ATLAS Technical Coordination Expert System

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 05035
Author(s):  
Ignacio Asensi Tortajada ◽  
André Rummler ◽  
George Salukvadze ◽  
Carlos Solans Sánchez ◽  
Kendall Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Fault Tree Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
The Other ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Electricity Distribution ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Risk Assessment Models ◽  
Gas Cooling ◽  
The One

When planning an intervention on a complex experiment like ATLAS, the detailed knowledge of the system under intervention and of the interconnection with all the other systems is mandatory. In order to improve the understanding of the parties involved in an intervention, a rule-based expert system has been developed. On the one hand this helps to recognise dependencies that are not always evident and on the other hand it facilitates communication between experts with different backgrounds by translating between vocabularies of specific domains. To simulate an event this tool combines information from different areas such as detector control (DCS) and safety (DSS) systems, gas, cooling, ventilation, and electricity distribution. The inference engine provides a list of the systems impacted by an intervention even if they are connected at a very low level and belong to different domains. It also predicts the probability of failure for each of the components affected by an intervention. Risk assessment models considered are fault tree analysis and principal component analysis. The user interface is a web-based application that uses graphics and text to provide different views of the detector system adapted to the different user needs and to interpret the data

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