scholarly journals Application and Evaluation of Energy Conservation Technologies in Wastewater Treatment Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 4501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongteng Sun ◽  
Ming Lu ◽  
Yongjun Sun ◽  
Zuguo Chen ◽  
Hao Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Conservation Technologies

High energy consumption is an important issue affecting the operation and development of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This paper seeks energy-saving opportunities from three aspects: energy application, process optimization, and performance evaluation. Moreover, effective energy-saving can be achieved from the perspective of energy supply and recovery by using green energy technologies, including wastewater and sludge energy recovery technologies. System optimization and control is used to reduce unnecessary energy consumption in operation. Reasonable indexes and methods can help researchers evaluate the application value of energy-saving technology. Some demonstration WWTPs even can achieve energy self-sufficiency by using these energy conservation technologies. Besides, this paper introduces the challenges faced by the wastewater treatment industry and some emerging energy-saving technologies. The work can give engineers some suggestions about reducing energy consumption from comprehensive perspectives.

scholarly journals Benchmarking of energy consumption in municipal wastewater treatment plants – a survey of over 200 plants in Italy

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 2242-2252 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vaccari ◽  
P. Foladori ◽  
S. Nembrini ◽  
F. Vitali
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Abstract One of the largest surveys in Europe about energy consumption in Italian wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is presented, based on 241 WWTPs and a total population equivalent (PE) of more than 9,000,000 PE. The study contributes towards standardised resilient data and benchmarking and to identify potentials for energy savings. In the energy benchmark, three indicators were used: specific energy consumption expressed per population equivalents (kWh PE−1 year−1), per cubic meter (kWh/m3), and per unit of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removed (kWh/kgCOD). The indicator kWh/m3, even though widely applied, resulted in a biased benchmark, because highly influenced by stormwater and infiltrations. Plants with combined networks (often used in Europe) showed an apparent better energy performance. Conversely, the indicator kWh PE−1 year−1 resulted in a more meaningful definition of a benchmark. High energy efficiency was associated with: (i) large capacity of the plant, (ii) higher COD concentration in wastewater, (iii) separate sewer systems, (iv) capacity utilisation over 80%, and (v) high organic loads, but without overloading. The 25th percentile was proposed as a benchmark for four size classes: 23 kWh PE−1 y−1 for large plants > 100,000 PE; 42 kWh PE−1 y−1 for capacity 10,000 < PE < 100,000, 48 kWh PE−1 y−1 for capacity 2,000 < PE < 10,000 and 76 kWh PE−1 y−1 for small plants < 2,000 PE.

Research on Measures of Civil Engineering Construction to Achieve the Landscape Green Energy Saving

2014 ◽  
Vol 716-717 ◽  
pp. 240-243
Author(s):  
Lin Ke ◽  
Ji Cui Chang ◽  
Quan Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Building Energy Saving ◽  
Save Energy

Low-carbon environment and energy saving have gradually into the enterprise development idea. In the construction industry, civil engineering construction of energy conservation and environmental protection has reached a certain level after a period of development. It is of great significance to build energy conservation measures in civil engineering for improving environmental quality and save energy consumption. This article analyzes measures from the civil engineering overview and application status of building energy saving measures, the importance of building energy saving measures in combination with civil engineering. The measures are important for our country to make a certain contribution to saving energy consumption and realize the sustainable development.

scholarly journals Energy Consumption and Internal Distribution in Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Plants of Greece

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Siatou ◽  
Anthoula Manali ◽  
Petros Gikas
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Volume Unit

The high-energy consumption of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a crucial issue for municipalities worldwide. Most WWTPs in Greece operate as extended aeration plants, which results in high operational costs due to high energy needs. The present study investigated the energy requirements of 17 activated sludge WWTPs in Greece, serving between 1100–56,000 inhabitants (population equivalent, PE), with average daily incoming flowrates between 300–27,300 m3/d. The daily wastewater production per inhabitant was found to lie between 0.052 m3/PE·d and 0.426 m3/PE·d, with average volume of 0.217 ± 0.114 m3/PE·d. The electric energy consumption per volume unit (EQ (kWh/m3)) was between 0.128–2.280 kWh/m3 (average 0.903 ± 0.509 kWh/m3) following a near logarithmic descending correlation with the average incoming flowrate (Qav) (EQ = −0.294lnQav + 3.1891; R2 = 0.5337). A similar relationship was found between the daily electric energy requirements for wastewater treatment per inhabitant (EPE (kWh/PE·d)) as a function of PE, which varied from 0.041–0.407 kWh/PE·d (average 0.167 ± 0.101 kWh/PE·d)) (EPE = −0.073ln(PE) + 0.8425; R2 = 0.6989). Similarly, the daily energy cost per inhabitant (E€/PE (€/PE·d)) as a function of PE and the electric energy cost per wastewater volume unit (E€/V (€/m3)) as a function of average daily flow (Qav) were found to follow near logarithmic trends (E€/PE = −0.013ln(PE) + 0.1473; R2 = 0.6388, and E€/V = −0.052lnQav + 0.5151; R2 = 0.6359), respectively), with E€/PE varying between 0.005–0.073 €/PE·d (average 0.024 ± 0.019 €/PE·d) and E€/V between 0.012–0.291 €/m3 (average 0.111 ± 0.077 €/m3). Finally, it was calculated that, in an average WWTP, the aeration process is the main energy sink, consuming about 67.2% of the total electric energy supply to the plant. The large variation of energy requirements per inlet volume unit and per inhabitant served, indicate that there is large ground for improving the performance of the WWTPs, with respect to energy consumption.

Compressor Anti-Surge Control System Optimization Energy Saving Renovation

2011 ◽  
Vol 317-319 ◽  
pp. 2177-2180
Author(s):  
Hui Cao ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Chang Ji Lin
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Surge Control

The original control system adopts MEH controller and maintains the operation of the unit by continually backflow. But surge problem still exists in the running, which constitutes a serious threat to the safety of the unit, meanwhile wastes a lot of energy. Later S5 Duplex control system of CCC Company is adopted in the reconstructed control system, which rebuilds the compression anti-surge control system, eliminates surge threat and huge energy consumption. Millions of profits can be created by this renovation each year. The targets of stable operation and energy conservation can be achieved as well.

Study on Energy-Consumption Management and Energy-Saving Analysis System for the Large Public Building Based on WebAccess

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Xiao Lin Lu ◽  
Lei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Public Building ◽  
Remote Transmission ◽  
Energy Consumption Reduction ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
The Status ◽  
Analysis System

Aim at the current situation of high energy-consumption of the large public building，proposed a WebAccess–based energy-consumption management and energy-saving analysis system.And it be used Zigbee distributed energy consumption measurement net for data remote transmission. The status of energy consumption in the future can be predicted through energy-consumption databases and energy-consumption models were built. The system can real time monitor and manage the energy-consumption status in large public constructions. It can provide a favorable foundation not only for energy conservation and reformation of those completed large public building, but also for energy conserved operation and supervision of those new constructions. This can help to achieve the goal of energy conservation and energy-consumption reduction in large public building.

Green Low Carbon Design in the Application of Energy-Saving Building

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 2878-2881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Lin ◽  
Fei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Green Building ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy And Environment

The article from the energy and environment issues, elaborates the need for the development of energy-saving building, describes the characteristics and advantages of green energy-saving buildings. For the problem of high energy consumption in buildings, analyses the application of green building materials in the building envelope, from environmental protection material, renewable energy and the overall system design aspects discusses the low carbon energy- saving design, summarizes the significance of the building energy efficiency evaluation and energy consumption assessment, concludes and looks forward to the prospect of the development of green energy conservation construction.

scholarly journals Forecasting Energy Consumption of Wastewater Treatment Plants with a Transfer Learning Approach for Sustainable Cities

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Pedro Oliveira ◽  
Bruno Fernandes ◽  
Cesar Analide ◽  
Paulo Novais
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Transfer Learning ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Sustainable Cities ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Short Term Memory ◽  
Gated Recurrent Units

A major challenge of today’s society is to make large urban centres more sustainable. Improving the energy efficiency of the various infrastructures that make up cities is one aspect being considered when improving their sustainability, with Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) being one of them. Consequently, this study aims to conceive, tune, and evaluate a set of candidate deep learning models with the goal being to forecast the energy consumption of a WWTP, following a recursive multi-step approach. Three distinct types of models were experimented, in particular, Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTMs), Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs), and uni-dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Uni- and multi-variate settings were evaluated, as well as different methods for handling outliers. Promising forecasting results were obtained by CNN-based models, being this difference statistically significant when compared to LSTMs and GRUs, with the best model presenting an approximate overall error of 630 kWh when on a multi-variate setting. Finally, to overcome the problem of data scarcity in WWTPs, transfer learning processes were implemented, with promising results being achieved when using a pre-trained uni-variate CNN model, with the overall error reducing to 325 kWh.

Oxygen Supply Method Using Gas-Permeable Film for Wastewater Treatment

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Suzuki ◽  
S. Miyahara ◽  
K. Takeishi
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Rate ◽  
N Removal ◽  
High Energy Consumption

Gas-permeable film can separate air and water, and at the same time, let oxygen diffuse from the air to the water through the film. An oxygen supply method using this film was investigated for the purpose of reducing energy consumption for wastewater treatment. The oxygen transfer rate was measured for the cases with or without biofilm, which proved the high rate of oxygen transfer in the case with nitrifying biofilm which performed nitrification. When the Gas-permeable film with nitrifying biofilm was applied to the treatment of wastewater, denitrifying biofilm formed on the nitrifying biofilm, and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification occurred, resulting in the high rate of organic matter and T-N removal (7 gTOC/m2/d and 4 gT-N/m2/d, respectively). However, periodic sloughing of the denitrifying biofilm was needed to keep the oxygen transfer rate high. Energy consumption of the process using the film in the form of tubes was estimated to be less than 40% of that of the activated sludge process.

scholarly journals Methodology for Energy Optimization in Wastewater Treatment Plants. Phase II: Reduction of Air Requirements and Redesign of the Biological Aeration Installation

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1143
Author(s):  
Ana Belén Lozano Avilés ◽  
Francisco Del Cerro Velázquez ◽  
Mercedes Llorens Pascual Del Riquelme
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Energy Optimization ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
San Pedro ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Optimization Methodology

Phase I of the proposed energy optimization methodology showed how the selection of best management criteria for the biological aeration process, and the guarantee of its control at the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in San Pedro del Pinatar (Murcia, Spain) produced reductions of around 20% in energy consumption by considerably reducing the oxygen needs of the microorganisms in the biological system. This manuscript focused on phase II of this methodology, which describes the tools that can be used to detect and correct deviations in the optimal operating points of the aeration equipment and the intrinsic deficiencies in the installation, in order to achieve optimization of the oxygen needs by the microorganisms and improve the efficiency of their transfer from the gas phase to the liquid phase. The objectives pursued were: (i) to minimize the need for aeration, (ii) to reduce the pressure losses in the installation, (iii) to optimize the air supply pressures to avoid excessive energy consumption for the same airflow, and (iv) to optimize the control strategy for the actual working conditions. The use of flow modeling and simulation techniques, the measurement and calculation of air transfer efficiency through the use of off-gas hoods, and the redesign of the aeration facility at the San Pedro del Pinatar WWTP were crucial, and allowed for reductions in energy consumption in Phase II of more than 20%.

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