scholarly journals Spatial Distribution, Pollution Source, and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Atmospheric Depositions: A Case Study from the Sustainable City of Shijiazhuang, China

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kui Cai ◽  
Chang Li ◽  
Sanggyun Na
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Pb Isotope ◽  
Atmospheric Depositions ◽  
Skin Contact

Samples of atmospheric depositions from five types of functional areas in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China, were collected, and the concentrations of six toxic heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn) were measured. Geographic information system, Pb isotope assessment, multivariate statistical analysis (principal component analysis, PCA), the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk index (PERI), and a health risk assessment model were used to study the degree of pollution, identify sources of pollution, and assess the health risks to children and adults via three pathways (hand–mouth intake, skin contact, and respiration). The results show that the high traffic volume and exhaust gas emissions have led to high concentrations of heavy metals. The Igeo and PERI values of Cd (0.38–2.0 and 108–4531, respectively), indicating the present high pollution level and potential risk, respectively, varied the most. Pb isotope and PCA showed that Pb, Zn, and Cd from atmospheric deposition come from power plants and traffic—Cu is related to traffic, and Ni and Cr come mainly from soil particles (natural source). The health risk assessment showed that heavy metals in atmospheric depositions are at a safe level in the study area.

scholarly journals Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Consumption of Vegetables Irrigated with Tin Mine Pond Water in Jos – South, Plateau State

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Mafuyai ◽  
S. Ugbidye ◽  
G. I. Ezekiel
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Estimated Daily Intake ◽  
Health Risk Index ◽  
Plateau State

The water range from Pb (1.439 – 1.715), Cu (0.234 – 0.377), Cd (0.838 – 1.346), Zn (0.448 – 1.110), Cr (0.144 – 0.794), Mn (0.777 – 2.011) and As (0.584 – 1.341) mg/L.  The range in soil was Pb (67.5 – 120), Cu (8.51 – 32.5), Cd (0.21 – 1.72), Zn (70.8 – 85.6), Cr (15.8 – 29.5), Mn (14.6 – 19.1) and As (52.0 – 198) mg/kg and  in the vegetables in the range of Pb (0.177 – 0.545), Cu (0.073 – 0.748), Cd (0.005 – 0.019), Zn (0.264 – 0.915), Cr (0.089 – 0.158), Mn (0.162 – 0.253) and As (0.032 – 0.245) mg/kg. The study shows that the transfer coefficient of the heavy metals to vegetable was less than one (< 1). The estimated daily intake (DIM) of heavy metals from vegetables irrigated with tin mine pond water were in the order: Cd > Zn > Mn > Cr > Cu > Pb > As.  The health risk index (HRI) of all the studied heavy metals indicated that all vegetables were safe with no risk to human health except for Cd.  health risk assessment of heavy metals in consumption of vegetables irrigated with tin mine pond water in Jos - South, Plateau State

Health risk assessment of nitrate pollution in shallow groundwater: a case study in Changchun New District, China

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Tian ◽  
Xiujuan Liang ◽  
Yan Gong ◽  
Zhuang Kang ◽  
Hongtao Jin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Nitrate Pollution ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Skin Contact

High concentrations of nitrate in groundwater pose a threat to human health. To quantify groundwater nitrate pollution in China's Changchun New District and evaluate its human health risks, 98 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed. The spatial distribution of groundwater chemical components was variable with concentrations descending from TDS > HCO3− > Ca2+ > NO3− > SO42- > Na+ > Cl− > Mg2+ > K+ > NO2− > NH4+. Notably, NO3− concentrations ranged from 0.02–492.72 mg/L and averaged 98.62 mg/L. Over 50% of samples exceeded the Quality Standard for Groundwater of China Class III N threshold (20 mg/L). Principal component analysis determined that NO3 contamination was primarily due to the excessive use of fertilizers in agriculture. A human health risk assessment model was used to assess the potential health risks of groundwater NO3− via drinking water and skin contact pathways. Approximately 90% of adults, 66% of children, and 45% of infants had acceptable health risks in the study area. NO3− exposure risk in the towns of Longjia and Xiyingcheng was the highest, while urban areas tended to have lower exposures. The health risks of residents, especially minors and infants, were concerned.

scholarly journals Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Accumulated on PM2.5 Fractioned Road Dust from Two Cities of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haseeb Tufail Moryani ◽  
Shuqiong Kong ◽  
Jiangkun Du ◽  
Jianguo Bao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
The United States ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Two Cities

The aim of this study is to identify and investigate levels of toxic heavy metals in PM2.5 fractioned road dust to better understand the associated inhalation risk and potential health impacts. To achieve this aim, concentrations of seven traffic generated heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Sb, and Cr) were determined in the PM2.5 fraction of road dust samples from four different locations (offices, residential, hospital, and school) in two cities (Karachi and Shikarpur) of Pakistan using ICP-MS. The average concentration values of heavy metals in Karachi were as follows: 332.9 mg/kg Cu, 426.6 mg/kg Pb, 4254.4 mg/kg Zn, 62.3 mg/kg Cd, 389.7 mg/kg Ni, 70.4 mg/kg Sb, 148.1 mg/kg Cr, whereas the average concentration values of heavy metals in Shikarpur were 245.8 mg/kg Cu, 538.4 mg/kg Pb, 8351.0 mg/kg Zn, 57.6 mg/kg Cd, 131.7 mg/kg Ni, 314.5 mg/kg Sb, 346.6 mg/kg Cr. The pollution level was assessed through two pollution indices enrichment factor (EF) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo). These indices showed moderate to extreme level pollution in studied areas of both cities. The health risk assessment through inhalation contact was conducted according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA) model for children and adults. Both non-cancerous and cancerous risks were characterised in the road dust samples for each location. As yet, there is not a single study on the concentrations of heavy metals in PM2.5 fractions of road dust in Karachi and Shikarpur, findings of this research will facilitate researchers for further investigations in current field.

scholarly journals Investigation of Cadmium Content in Rice in Heilongjiang Province and Health Risk Assessment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmei Cao ◽  
Chang Zhang ◽  
Dongjie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Heilongjiang Province ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract We investigated the cadmium content in soils and rice in Cha Hayang, Wuchang, Fangzheng, Xiangshui, and Jiansanjiang areas of Heilongjiang Province, and characterized the effect of rice intake on human health. The samples were analyzed by ICP-MS, and the cadmium transfer in soil-rice system was modeled by the Nemero comprehensive pollution index method. The health risk assessment model was used to study the status of cadmium pollution in rice and its health risk assessment for adults and children. The results showed that the average contents of cadmium in rice were 0.003 (Cha Hayang), 0.016 (Wuchang), 0.006 (Fangzheng), 0.006 (Xiangshui), and 0.005 (Jiansanjiang) mg kg-1. The prediction model developed in this study, including the total heavy metals and pH value of the soil, effectively described the transfer of cadmium in the soil-rice system of Wuchang, Chahayang and Xiangshui paddy fields (with R2 between 0.256 and 0.468). The pollution index of the study area was less than 1. The comprehensive pollution index was 0.037<1, sugesting no pollution, and the comprehensive pollution index was between 0.059 and 0.158. The health risk index of carcinogenic heavy metal cadmium to adults and children in Cyang and JianSanjiang areas was lower than that recommended by USEPA (1 × 10-4), suggesting no risk of cancer. However, the mean values in Wuchang, Fang Zheng and Xiangshui were higher than the maximum acceptable risk recommended by USEPA, suggesting a risk of cancer.

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN URBAN PARKS AND GARDENS SOILS IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-35
Author(s):  
O. H. ADEDEJI ◽  
O. O. OLAYINKA ◽  
O. O. TOPE-AJAYI ◽  
D. A. AWOSIKA
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Lagos State

Distribution and health risk assessment of heavy metals in urban parks and gardens Gani Fawehinmi Park, Ojota, (GFP), Oshodi Heritage Park Oshodi (OHP), Ikorodu/Ipado Garden (IIG), MKO Abiola Gardens, Ojota (MKO), and MOE Garden, Alausa (MOE) soils in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria were examined using Index of Geo-accumulation (Igeo), Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI) and health risk model. Urban parks and gardens soils were substantially polluted by Cu and Pb due closeness to highways where heavy metals emitted from motor vehicles are deposited.  Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) values for Pb were 10.616, 10.060, 9.027, 8.862 and 8.665 for GFP, OHP, IIG, MKO and MOE respectively. RI values for all the sites showed high pollution as they were all above 200. Health risk assessment revealed that children who visit the urban parks and garden in Lagos State are more exposed to cancer risk from Pb especially through ingestion. Results from this study provided valuable information on the pollution levels of urban parks in Lagos, Nigeria as a result of traffic related emissions and calls for proper monitoring of anthropogenic activities in the metropolis and reduce the human health impacts. The planting of hedge plants and erection of low walls could serve as shield against traffic pollution for the roadside parks      

scholarly journals Investigation of Cadmium Content in Rice in Heilongjiang Province and Health Risk Assessment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmei Cao ◽  
Chang Zhang ◽  
Dongjie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Heilongjiang Province ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract We investigated the cadmium content in soils and rice in Cha Hayang, Wuchang, Fangzheng, Xiangshui, and Jiansanjiang areas of Heilongjiang Province, and characterized the effect of rice intake on human health. The samples were analyzed by ICP-MS, and the cadmium transfer in soil-rice system was modeled by the Nemero comprehensive pollution index method. The health risk assessment model was used to study the status of cadmium pollution in rice and its health risk assessment for adults and children. The results showed that the average contents of cadmium in rice were 0.003 (Cha Hayang), 0.016 (Wuchang), 0.006 (Fangzheng), 0.006 (Xiangshui), and 0.005 (Jiansanjiang) mg kg-1. The prediction model developed in this study, including the total heavy metals and pH value of the soil, effectively described the transfer of cadmium in the soil-rice system of Wuchang, Chahayang and Xiangshui paddy fields (with R2 between 0.256 and 0.468). The pollution index of the study area was less than 1. The comprehensive pollution index was 0.037<1, sugesting no pollution, and the comprehensive pollution index was between 0.059 and 0.158. The health risk index of carcinogenic heavy metal cadmium to adults and children in Cyang and JianSanjiang areas was lower than that recommended by USEPA (1 × 10-4), suggesting no risk of cancer. However, the mean values in Wuchang, Fang Zheng and Xiangshui were higher than the maximum acceptable risk recommended by USEPA, suggesting a risk of cancer.

scholarly journals Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Eastern Guangdong Municipal Solid Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
pp. 4755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihua Tang ◽  
Minru Liu ◽  
Linzi Yi ◽  
Huafang Guo ◽  
Tingping Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Female Workers

This research focused on the contents of the five most bio-toxic heavy metals, As, Cd, Hg, Cr, and Pb of 26 municipal solid waste (MSW) samples from the Eastern Guangdong Area. To investigate the apportion of the heavy metal source, Pearson correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) were introduced as major approaches. The health risks posed to MSW workers exposed to heavy metals in MSW were assessed using a Monte Carlo simulation combined with the US Environmental Protection Agency Health Risk Assessment Model. The As, Cd, Hg, Cr, and Pb contents of the east Guangdong MSW were (0.76 ± 0.75), (2.14 ± 4.44), (0.11 ± 0.14), (55.42 ± 31.88), and (30.67 ± 20.58) mg/kg, respectively. Hg, Cr, and Pb were potentially derived from glass, textile, food waste, and white plastic, while As and Cd were mainly derived from soil and food waste in the MSW. The non-carcinogenic risks of heavy metal in MSW exposure to MSW workers could be ignored. However, the heavy metals in MSW might pose carcinogenic risks, with the probabilities for male and female workers being 35% and 45%, respectively. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk indices were slightly higher for female workers under the same exposure situations.

scholarly journals Heavy metals content in ashes of wood pellets and the health risk assessment related to their presence in the environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirha Pazalja ◽  
Mirsada Salihović ◽  
Jasmina Sulejmanović ◽  
Alisa Smajović ◽  
Sabina Begić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Biomass Fuels ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Wood Pellet

AbstractEfforts to reduce air pollution in developing countries may require increased use of biomass fuels. Even biomass fuels are a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels there is limited quantitative information concerning heavy metal content in their ashes. Therefore, this study focuses on the determination of the heavy metal concentrations in wood pellet ash obtained from the combustion of 10 pellet brans from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Italy, the effects of adding the ashes to soils, and the assessment of health risk assessment. Ash content was determined by gravimetric method. The amount and composition of ash remaining after combustion of wood pellets varies considerably according to the type of biomass and wood from which the pellet is made. Samples were prepared by wet digestion using HNO3, and heavy metals are determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy-flame and graphite furnace. The results showed that the lowest concentration in ashes was obtained for Co 0.01 mg kg−1 and the highest for Fe 571.63 mg kg−1. The Hazard Index (HI), calculated for non-cancerous substances for children was 2.23E−01, and the total Risk index was 4.54E−05. As for adults, HI was 1.51E−02, while the Risk index value was 3.21E−06. Human health risk calculated through HI and Risk index for children and adults associated with analyzed pellets is not of significant concern. The calculated enrichment factor and metal pollution index for wood pellet ashes indicate the risk of soil contamination with heavy metals. From this point of view, analyzed samples of ashes could be a serious contaminant of soil, so further monitoring is required.

scholarly journals Assessment of Groundwater Quality and Health Risk of Heavy Metals: A study from the Tarkwa Mining Area, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
J. Seidu ◽  
A. Ewusi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Water Types ◽  
Study Results

This study seeks to evaluate the hydrogeochemical characteristics of water in the Tarkwa mining area using the Piper and Chadha plots and to carry out a health risk assessment using the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) health risk assessment model. A total of 39 groundwater sample points were used for this study. Results from the Piper and Chadha diagrams show that the dominant water types in the study area are Ca-HCO3 and Mixed Ca-Mg-Cl water types which indicates that groundwater in the area can be classified as fresh water. The hazard quotient (HQ) value for heavy metals estimated, suggested an acceptable level of noncarcinogenic inimical health risk. In relation to the HQ value, the Hazard Index (HQ) calculated was less than 1 suggesting that inhabitants will not be exposed to a potential health risk for the injection of heavy metals. Carcinogenic risk estimated for As (1.80×10-4) was higher than the acceptable risk. The carcinogenic risk estimated therefore indicated that, drinking of groundwater over a long period will increase the probability of cancer. It can be concluded that currently the groundwater in the Tarkwa area is safe for domestic purposes.   Keywords: Hydrochemical Characteristics, Human Risk Assessment, Tarkwa Mining Area

Determination and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals on the Source of Underground Water in Yulin City

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 776-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Ning Zhang ◽  
Hai Ying Han ◽  
Xi Jun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Carcinogenic Substances ◽  
Yulin City

The source of the underground water in Yulin city were applied to monitor and evaluate five kinds of heavy metals which are Cr6+, Cd, As, Pb and Hg, and it revealed that the concentration of them were lower than the "drinking water health standards" (GB5749-2006), taking the source of drinking water in Yulin University as an example. A preliminary health risk assessment of the risk caused by drinking water has been done, based on the health risk assessment model recommended by USA Environmental Protection Agency. The datum showed that the health risk of carcinogenic substances (Cr6+, Cd and As) were much larger than that of non-carcinogenic substances (Pb, Hg) , so the priority control sequence should be Cr6+>Cd>As>Pb>Hg. The result showed that, human health of personal annual risk caused by the heavy metal pollutants in drinking water from the campus of Yulin University had exceeded the acceptable health risk level of 5 × 10-5/a which is established by the Radiation Protection Committee. Cr6+ is the main contribution, and should cause the attention of the relevant departments, also is the priority governance indicators.

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