The Problems of Passive Remote Sensing of the Earth’s Surface in the Range of 1.2–1.6 GHz

The main problems of remote sensing of the Earth’s surface within the frequency range 1.2–1.6 GHz are discussed. They are related to the resonant quantum properties of the radio wave propagation medium in the lower ionosphere. It is shown that, for the passive remote sensing, the main source is incoherent microwave radiation of the D and E ionospheric layers in the decimeter range. For the first time, a theoretically grounded principally new scheme of measurements is suggested. The scheme assumes that the radiation source exists below the satellite orbit and accounts for the fact that two types of radiation (direct and reflected) reach the satellite sensor. The separation of the respective fluxes is a serious problem that should be solved for the correct interpretation of the measurements. The question is raised regarding the correct calibration of measuring equipment, depending on the current state of the ionosphere.

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Sensing Archaeology in the North: The Use of Non-Destructive Geophysical and Remote Sensing Methods in Archaeology in Scandinavian and North Atlantic Territories

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs12183102 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (18) ◽

pp. 3102 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carmen Cuenca-García ◽

Ole Risbøl ◽

C. Richard Bates ◽

Arne Anderson Stamnes ◽

Fredrik Skoglund ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Method Development ◽

Good Practice ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

The North ◽

Current State ◽

Remote Sensing Methods ◽

First Time ◽

Non Destructive

In August 2018, a group of experts working with terrestrial/marine geophysics and remote sensing methods to explore archaeological sites in Denmark, Finland, Norway, Scotland and Sweden gathered together for the first time at the Workshop ‘Sensing Archaeology in The North’. The goal was to exchange experiences, discuss challenges, and consider future directions for further developing these methods and strategies for their use in archaeology. After the event, this special journal issue was arranged to publish papers that are based on the workshop presentations, but also to incorporate work that is produced by other researchers in the field. This paper closes the special issue and further aims to provide current state-of-the-art for the methods represented by the workshop. Here, we introduce the aspects that inspired the organisation of the meeting, a summary of the 12 presentations and eight paper contributions, as well as a discussion about the main outcomes of the workshop roundtables, including the production of two searchable databases (online resources and equipment). We conclude with the position that the ‘North’, together with its unique cultural heritage and thriving research community, is at the forefront of good practice in the application and development of sensing methods in archaeological research and management. However, further method development is required, so we claim the support of funding bodies to back research efforts based on testing/experimental studies to: explore unknown survey environments and identify optimal survey conditions, as well as to monitor the preservation of archaeological remains, especially those that are at risk. It is demonstrated that remote sensing and geophysics not only have an important role in the safeguarding of archaeological sites from development and within prehistorical-historical research, but the methods can be especially useful in recording and monitoring the increased impact of climate change on sites in the North.

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Active and Passive Remote Sensing Measurements of the Sea Surface Waves

2020 XXXIIIrd General Assembly and Scientific Symposium of the International Union of Radio Science ◽

10.23919/ursigass49373.2020.9232132 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

M. Ryabkova ◽

M. Panfilova ◽

Yu. Titchenko ◽

Eu. Meshkov ◽

V. Karaev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Surface Waves ◽

Sea Surface ◽

Passive Remote Sensing ◽

Sea Surface Waves

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Disability as a social phenomenon

10.33920/med-03-2007-01 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 22-38

Author(s):

Natalia Guseva ◽

Vitaliy Berdutin

Keyword(s):

Social Protection ◽

Russian Society ◽

Stage Model ◽

High Quality ◽

Rehabilitation Programs ◽

Current State ◽

The Social ◽

Consistent Solution ◽

First Time

At present, the problem of establishing disability is a point at issue in Russia. Despite the fact that medical criteria for disability are being developed very actively, high-quality methods for assessing social hallmarks are still lacking. Since disability is a phenomenon inherent in any society, each state forms a social and economic policy for people with disabilities in accordance with its level of development, priorities and opportunities. We have proposed a three-stage model, which includes a system for the consistent solution of the main tasks aimed at studying the causes and consequences of the problems encountered today in the social protection of citizens with health problems. The article shows why the existing approaches to the determination of disability and rehabilitation programs do not correspond to the current state of Russian society and why a decrease in the rate of persons recognized as disabled for the first time does not indicate an improvement in the health of the population. The authors proposed a number of measures with a view to correcting the situation according to the results of the study.

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Polarimetric Passive Remote Sensing of Ocean Surface

10.21236/ada265874 ◽

1993 ◽

Author(s):

J. A. Kong

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Ocean Surface ◽

Passive Remote Sensing

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Remote sensing of sun-induced chlorophyll-a fluorescence in inland and coastal waters: Current state and future prospects

Remote Sensing of Environment ◽

10.1016/j.rse.2021.112482 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 262 ◽

pp. 112482

Author(s):

Remika S. Gupana ◽

Daniel Odermatt ◽

Ilaria Cesana ◽

Claudia Giardino ◽

Ladislav Nedbal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Coastal Waters ◽

Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽

Future Prospects ◽

Current State

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Electro-Quasistatic Animal Body Communication for Untethered Rodent Biopotential Recording

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-81108-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shreeya Sriram ◽

Shitij Avlani ◽

Matthew P. Ward ◽

Shreyas Sen

Keyword(s):

Lower Energy ◽

Sensor Node ◽

State Of The Art ◽

The Body ◽

Animal Body ◽

Current State ◽

Communication Modalities ◽

First Time ◽

Biopotential Recording

AbstractContinuous multi-channel monitoring of biopotential signals is vital in understanding the body as a whole, facilitating accurate models and predictions in neural research. The current state of the art in wireless technologies for untethered biopotential recordings rely on radiative electromagnetic (EM) fields. In such transmissions, only a small fraction of this energy is received since the EM fields are widely radiated resulting in lossy inefficient systems. Using the body as a communication medium (similar to a ’wire’) allows for the containment of the energy within the body, yielding order(s) of magnitude lower energy than radiative EM communication. In this work, we introduce Animal Body Communication (ABC), which utilizes the concept of using the body as a medium into the domain of untethered animal biopotential recording. This work, for the first time, develops the theory and models for animal body communication circuitry and channel loss. Using this theoretical model, a sub-inch$$^3$$ 3 [1″ × 1″ × 0.4″], custom-designed sensor node is built using off the shelf components which is capable of sensing and transmitting biopotential signals, through the body of the rat at significantly lower powers compared to traditional wireless transmissions. In-vivo experimental analysis proves that ABC successfully transmits acquired electrocardiogram (EKG) signals through the body with correlation $$>99\%$$ > 99 % when compared to traditional wireless communication modalities, with a 50$$\times$$ × reduction in power consumption.

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