scholarly journals Development of a Negligible Zero-Drift NDIR Analyzer for Measuring NH3 Emitted from an Urban Household Solid Waste Incinerator

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 858
Author(s):  
Trieu-Vuong Dinh ◽  
In-Young Choi ◽  
Byeong-Gyu Park ◽  
Jee-Hyun Lee ◽  
In-Young Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Aging Effect ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Zero Drift ◽  
Waste Incinerator ◽  
Infrared Intensity ◽  
Combustion Processes ◽  
Solid Waste Incinerator ◽  
Significant Interference

An analyzer for measuring NH3 emitted from a combustion process has been developed based on a simple non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) technique because of its cost-effective benefit. The weakness of the NDIR analyzer due to interference and zero-drift has been overcome. A least-interfering bandpass filter (BPF) was found and manufactured to compensate for the interfering effects of gases emitted from a combustion process (e.g., CO, NOx, SO2, CO2, H2O, HCl, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and toluene). It was found that there was no significant interference in the least-interfering BPF with respect to gases of concern. Measurement errors by the analyzer were less than 2.5% in a range of 1 to 10 ppmv of NH3 compared to a standard method when the compound was measured in complicated mixing gases. For the zero-drift, using BPFs with identical center wavelength with respect to different incident infrared intensity was found to help minimize the zero-drift of the NDIR analyzer. As a result, the analyzer could cut approximately 19% of zero-drift caused by the aging effect of both IR source and detector. It suggests that the analyzer could be applied for measuring NH3 emitted from combustion processes with good accuracy and reproducibility.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Removal of Flue Gas Emissions Exhaust from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator using Photo-Voltaic based Electrostatic Precipitator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anandhraj Pannerselvam ◽  
Mohana Sundaram Kuppusamy ◽  
Jayaraman Shanmugapriyan ◽  
Vishnu Kumar Kaliappan ◽  
Prof. Dr. Ravishankar Sathyamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Electrostatic Precipitator ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Waste Incinerator ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator ◽  
Voltage Transformer ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Solid Waste Incinerator

Abstract For the past decades, the flue gas emitted from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator, Power Plant, and various industries are a permanent problem for the environment and has been affecting human life. Many flue gas filtration devices have been emerging out over the years. Although the Electrostatic Precipitator was an appropriate device due to high filtration efficiency, little pressure drop and energy efficiency, the cost and design of the Electrostatic Precipitator is a major restriction for manufacturers and end-users. With recent advances in technology,designing a cost-effective and less complex electrostatic precipitator has become mandatory. This article aims to design and develop a solar-powered cost-effective Needle-Plate typeelectrostatic precipitator which includes a static power converters and high voltage Transformer-Rectifier (T-R) set with an input voltage as 230V AC, output voltage as 80kV Direct Current (DC) and output current of40mA for mitigation of Flue gas emissions exhaust from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator. The analysis of flue gas at ESP inlet and outlet has been performed using Ecotech stack sampler and flue gas analyzer. The obtained experimental results are validated with Emission standards provided in the Solid Waste Management rules book-India 2016.

scholarly journals Ternary Mixes of Self-Compacting Concrete with Fly Ash and Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
B. Simões ◽  
P. R. da Silva ◽  
R. V. Silva ◽  
Y. Avila ◽  
J. A. Forero
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Chloride Diffusion ◽  
Waste Incinerator ◽  
Chloride Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Solid Waste Incinerator

This study aims to evaluate the potential of incorporating fly ash (FA) and municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash (MIBA) as a partial substitute of cement in the production of self-compacting concrete mixes through an experimental campaign in which four replacement levels (i.e., 10% FA + 20% MIBA, 20% FA + 10% MIBA, 20% FA + 40% MIBA and 40% FA + 20% MIBA, apart from the reference concrete) were considered. Compressive and tensile strengths, Young’s modulus, ultra-sonic pulse velocity, shrinkage, water absorption by immersion, chloride diffusion coefficient and electrical resistivity were evaluated for all concrete mixes. The results showed a considerable decline in both mechanical and durability-related performances of self-compacting concrete with 60% of substitution by MIBA mainly due to the aluminium corrosion chemical reaction. However, workability properties were not significantly affected, exhibiting values similar to those of the control mix.

scholarly journals Effects of Catalysts on Emissions of Pollutants from Combustion Processes of Liquid Fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bok ◽  
Joanna Guziałowska-Tic ◽  
Wilhelm Jan Tic
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Organometallic Complexes ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Fuel Oils ◽  
Sulphur Oxides ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
Combustion Processes

Abstract The dynamic growth of the use of non-renewable fuels for energy purposes results in demand for catalysts to improve their combustion process. The paper describes catalysts used mainly in the processes of combustion of motor fuels and fuel oils. These catalysts make it possible to raise the efficiency of oxidation processes simultanously reducing the emission of pollutants. The key to success is the selection of catalyst compounds that will reduce harmful emissions of combustion products into the atmosphere. Catalysts are introduced into the combustion zone in form of solutions miscible with fuel or with air supplied to the combustion process. The following compounds soluble in fuel are inclused in the composition of the described catalysts: organometallic complexes, manganese compounds, salts originated from organic acids, ferrocen and its derivatives and sodium chloride and magnesium chloride responsible for burning the soot (chlorides). The priority is to minimize emissions of volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides, and carbon monoxide, as well as particulate matter.

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