wet scrubber
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2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Daniela-Elena Jugănaru ◽  
◽  
Ionuț Voicu ◽  
Mariana Panaitescu ◽  
Viorel Panaitescu ◽  
...  

In this study, gas flow fields were simulated using ANSYS 2020R2, Fluid Flow Fluent computational fluids dynamic (CFD) software based on the continuity, velocity, temperature, energy and k - e turbulence. The overall objective of the study is to compare the velocity maps inside the wet scrubber system for three different In-Line scrubber bottom inlet designs. Also, the behavior of the temperature of the mixture inside the scrubber is studied according to the number of nozzles provided by each system from those proposed for study. The numerical simulation using CFD is an effective method to study the flow characteristics of a counter-flow wet scrubber system and the most efficient wet scrubber model is the one with several. The results show that the residuals have a very good job of converging at minimum flow contours and vectors at the inlet across the scrubbing chamber and outlet shows a distributed flow. The speed of water droplets sprayed by the nozzles during mixing with waste gas in the scrubber chamber is double at model with 52 nozzles compared to the first model, equipped with only 13 nozzles. The velocity of clean gases discharged to the ship’s hull shows increases of over 100% of the values, with the increase of the number of nozzles. Spray nozzles improve mixing between the scrubbing liquid and waste gas, by injecting liquid through nozzles to create a fine droplet spray pattern. In this study it can be seen how the number of nozzles influences the quality of the mixture between the scrubbing liquid and waste gas.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnaraj Ramaswamy ◽  
Leta Tesfaye Jule ◽  
Nagaprasad N ◽  
Kumaran subramanian ◽  
Shanmugam R ◽  
...  

Abstract When fine particles generated by the foundry industry are present in the atmosphere, they have an impact on the climate because of their influence on atmospheric radioactive phenomena. As a result of this scenario, there is a rising amount of legislation restricting the emission of pollutants from foundry industries and related businesses. In response to this situation, many researchers have concentrated on end-of-pipe technologies, one of which is the wet scrubber, which is a device that is primarily used in foundries to control pollution and is one of the devices that has been incorporated. The disadvantage of using this wet scrubber, on the other hand, is that it contributes to secondary pollution when it is used. In order to combat secondary pollution, a model of an enhanced wet scrubber system that incorporates a multi-sand filtering technology was developed. The performance of this redesigned wet scrubber system was evaluated with the use of computational fluid dynamics software. Because of the introduction of the filtration tank's computation, it was discovered that successful filtration was accomplished using sand filters, meaning that environmental chemicals and particles were totally filtered from 0.17 kg at the entrance to zero kg of particles at the outflow.


Author(s):  
Ikha Rasti Julia Sari ◽  
Januar Arif Fatkhurrahman ◽  
Yose Andriani

Ammonia known as harmful gas that could impact on health and environment. Typically, ammonia gas emitted by fertilizer industry, rubber factory, etc. There are many options for advance industry to control ammonia gas pollution, absorption tower using water scrubber and using activated carbon as adsorption reaction could be an option. But for middle- and lower-class industry, it is common in Indonesia, as seen on many rubber factories, ammonia gas pollution is serious problem to control, actually they have used wet scrubber but eficiency is lower about 47%. This study measure performance for ammonia elimination as gas pollutant using absorption tower and adsorption tower in laboratory scale. Using electrochemical gas sensor, we measure both ammonia concentration for inlet and outlet simultaneously to settle saturation point of these two types of ammonia emission control. In conclusion, Ammonia absorbed in water proportional to saturation time and absorbent volume. Highest absorbed ammonia concentration 1.538 mg/L on 4000 mL absorbent. For Adsorption system, saturation time proportional and correlated to adsorbent weight and Adsorption capacity reverse correlated to adsorbent weight. Optimum adsorption point can be achieved from intersection curve between saturation time and adsorption capacity which is 1200 grams adsorbent


2021 ◽  
Vol 2129 (1) ◽  
pp. 012093
Author(s):  
Fatin Fatini Othman ◽  
Banjuraizah Johar ◽  
Shing Fhan Khor ◽  
Suffi Irni Alias ◽  
Nik Akmar Rejab ◽  
...  

Abstract Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) is a waste incineration process used to eliminate sulfur dioxide (SO2) from flue gas power plants. Limestone/gypsum was injected into the plant to trap sulfur dioxide and change their chemical composition from calcium carbonate to calcium sulfate dehydrate, known as FGD sludge wet scrubber. Nowadays, it is necessary to overcome the environmental pollution caused by the massive production of FGD sludge waste through recycling. In this research, FGD sludge was characterised to reveal its chemical composition, crystalline phase, and FTIR spectra characteristics. FGD sludge recorded a moderate alkaline with a pH of 8.24. Based on the XRD result, FGD sludge was mainly composed of gypsum (CaSO4•2H2O) and anhydrite (CaSO4). XRF analysis also shows that FGD sludge was mainly composed of calcium oxide, sulfur trioxide, silica, and potassium oxide.


Nukleonika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
Yongxia Sun ◽  
Andrzej G. Chmielewski ◽  
Andrzej Pawelec ◽  
Gösta Mattausch ◽  
Toms Torims

Abstract The removal of organic pollutants from ship emission was studied using two processes namely electron beam (EB) and hybrid EB with wet scrubbing process. A mobile accelerator unit was used to treat 4915 Nm3/h of flue gas emitted from a tugboat in Riga Shipyard. A volume of 3 m3 seawater containing 36.8 mM of NaClO2 oxidant was used as a wet scrubber solution. Organic pollutants, mainly volatile organic pollutants (VOCs), were collected at three different sampling points, before and after irradiation vessels, and after wet-scrubber unit, respectively. They were collected with glass sampling bottles, tedlar bags, Coconut Shell Charcoal (CSC) sorbents and XAD-2 sorbents. CH3OH and CH3OH/CH2Cl2 (1:1) were used to extract VOCs from CSC and XAD-2 sorbents, respectively. Syringe filters were used to obtain the solid-free extraction solutions. They were concentrated using a micro-extractor under continuously blowing high-purity Ar. A gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for analysis. The identified organic compounds were: aliphatic hydrocarbons (dodecane C12H26 to eicosane C20H42), aromatic hydrocarbon (toluene), esters (C3H7COOCH3, (C4H9OCO)2C6H4), nitro compounds (C3H5NO3, C4H7NO2) and acid (C7H15COOH). After 4.2 kGy EB irradiation, around 50–100% aliphatic hydrocarbons, 83% toluene and 7.5% (C4H9OCO)2C6H4 were removed from the off-gases, and after EB hybrid wet-scrubber process, most organic compounds including nitro compounds were removed. Only trace amount of toluene, hexadecane, octadecane and dibutyl phthalate were found to be present in the gas phase.


Author(s):  
Yeawan Lee ◽  
Jin-Ho Sung ◽  
Bangwoo Han ◽  
Yong-Jin Kim ◽  
Hak-Joon Kim

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 121323
Author(s):  
Jiacheng Yang ◽  
Tianbo Tang ◽  
Yu Jiang ◽  
Georgios Karavalakis ◽  
Thomas D. Durbin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
I.A. Volchyn ◽  
V.A. Raschepkin

A mathematical model is proposed for the scavenging process of the dispersed particles by droplets in a wet scrubber under excess spray density in Venturi tube within kinematic approach of the interaction of particles in countercurrent gas-dispersed flows, which refines the existing engineering model, taking into account the spatial size variation of the droplets, due to their coagulation with wet slurry droplets and uncaptured particles entering a wet scrubber from the Venturi tube. The results of calculations with the adopted mathematical model showed that in case of possibility to organize the spraying of a gas flow in a scrubber with 300–500 micron droplets aerosol at a specific spray density of about 1 liter/m3, a 1–2 meters wide layer of droplets ensures effective absorption of both uncaptured PM2.5 solid particles, and the slurry droplets from the Venturi tube. The ejection of the slurry droplets into a wet scrubber from the Venturi tube, and the associated increase in the size of the scrubber droplets due to coagulation with slurry droplets, does not noticeably affect the efficiency of the dusted gas stream cleaning. An adopted mathematical model was applied to calculate the capture of particles by droplets in cylindrical and conical scrubbers. Due to the increase in a residence time of the droplets upon increased velocity of the countercurrent gas flow, the efficiency of gas cleaning from dispersed particles in a conical scrubber appears to be higher than in a cylindrical scrubber. However, with an increase in the spray density above 2 liter/m3 and with droplet diameters greater than 1000 microns, the efficiency of the conical scrubber decreases, which is associated to an increase in the escape of a significant proportion of massive drops to the walls with a reduction in the scrubber reactor cross-section.  Bibl. 21, Fig. 4.


Author(s):  
Terence Chin ◽  
Ivan CK Tam ◽  
Chun-Yang Yin

AbstractSeawater, NaOH, NaClO, NaClO2, H2O2, and KMnO4 were used as scrubbing liquids to react with SOx and NOx separately in a customized wet scrubber. The absorption of SO2 in the aqueous phase was influenced by three factors: pH, ionic concentration, and oxidation potential. For NOx removal, the effectiveness of various chemical compounds can be ranked from least to most effective as follows: seawater, NaOH, H2O2 < NaClO < KMnO4 < NaClO2. This effectiveness was influenced by the chemical compound’s ability to oxidize NO to NO2, absorb the NO2 that was formed, and retaining the nitrogen in the aqueous phase. High oxidation potential promoted the oxidation of NO to NO2 but hindered the absorption of NO2. NaClO2 was superior compared to NaClO in all three categories of oxidizing, absorption and retention. NaClO could not retain a significant amount of NO2 which it absorbed in the aqueous phase. The pH around 8 provided a good balance between oxidation versus absorption/retention and reactant utilization for the chlorine-based oxidants. KMnO4 had the lowest reactant consumption rate; only half a mole was consumed for every mole of NO removed, compared to around 2–3 mol of chlorite or 3–5 mol of hypochlorite.


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