scholarly journals Short-Term Effects of “Polish Smog” on Cardiovascular Mortality in the Green Lungs of Poland: A Case-Crossover Study with 4,500,000 Person-Years (PL-PARTICLES Study)

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1270
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kuźma ◽  
Anna Kurasz ◽  
Emil Julian Dąbrowski ◽  
Sławomir Dobrzycki ◽  
Hanna Bachórzewska-Gajewska
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Related Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Previous studies conducted in highly polluted areas have reported associations between air pollution and daily mortality. The Green Lungs of Poland are characterized by unique natural features and a moderate pollution level. We aimed to assess the short-term impact of air pollution on cardiovascular (CVD)-, acute coronary syndrome (ACS)-, and cerebrovascular-related (CbVD) mortality. An analysis with 4,500,000 person-years and a time-stratified case-crossover design was performed. The interquartile range increase in the PM2.5 (OR 1.036, 95% CI 1.016–1.056, p < 0.001) and PM10 concentration (OR 1.034, 95% CI 1.015–1.053, p < 0.001) was associated with increased CVD mortality on lag 0, and this effect persisted on the following days. The effects of PMs were expressed more in association with ACS-related mortality (PM2.5-OR = 1.045, 95% CI 1.012–1.080, p = 0.01; PM10-OR = 1.044, 95% CI 1.010–1.078, p = 0.01) and CbVD mortality (PM10-OR = 1.099, 95% CI 1.019–1.343, p = 0.02). We also noted a higher CVD mortality OR in the cold season for PM10 in cities with area-source domination: Białystok (p = 0.001) and Suwałki (p = 0.047). The short-term impact of PMs on cardiovascular mortality is also observed in moderately polluted areas. This adverse health effect was more apparent in CbVD- and ACS-related mortality, and in the cold season. Further research focusing on the adverse health effects of “Polish smog” is sorely needed.

scholarly journals Association between air pollution and case-specific mortality in north-eastern part of Poland. Case crossover study with 4,500,000 person-years of follow-up

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Kuzma ◽  
A Kurasz ◽  
E J Dabrowski ◽  
M Swieczkowski ◽  
S Dobrzycki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract Background Recent studies have reported associations between air pollution and daily mortality. The majority of them are conducted in highly polluted areas. Taking into consideration the scarce number of surveys from cities with moderate air quality we decided to conduct a study in this type of region. Purpose To assess the short-term impact of air pollution on cardiovascular (CVD), coronary artery-related (CAD), and cerebrovascular-related (CbVD) mortality. Methods The analysis with almost 4,500,000 person-years of follow-up with a time-stratified case-crossover design was performed. Results are reported as odds ratio (OR) associated with an increase in interquartile range (IQR). Results The analysed region was inhabited by almost 500,000 residents. From 2008 to 2017 in Bialystok, Lomza, and Suwalki we recorded 49,573 deaths – 34,005, 8,082, 7,486, respectively. The median daily concentrations of PM10 (23.8 μg/m3, IQR=16.9) was the highest in Lomza, Median daily concentration of PM2.5 was the highest in Bialystok (16.2 μg/m3, IQR=15.9). In the case of Suwalki, daily median PM2.5 concentration was 9.8 μg/m3 (IQR=8.7), and PM10 – 18.0 μg/m3 (IQR=14.3). The IQR increase in PM2.5 (OR 1.036, 95% CI 1.016–1.056, P&lt;0.001) and PM10 concentration (OR 1.034, 95% CI 1.015–1.053, P&lt;0.001) was associated with increased CVD mortality on lag 0 and this effect persisted on following days. The effects of PMs were more expressed in association with CAD-related mortality (OR for PM2.5 = 1.045, 95% CI 1.012–1.080, P=0.008), (OR for PM10 = 1.044, 95% CI 1.010–1.078, P=0.011) and CbVD mortality (OR for PM2.5 = 1.046, 95% CI 1.013–1.080, P=0.006), (OR=1.041 for PM10, 95% CI 1.002–1.082, P=0.038). Additionally, IQR increase in NO2 concentration was associated with increased CAD-related mortality at lag 0–1 (OR=1.055, 95% CI 1.004–1.108, P=0.032). The highest OR for PMs was noted in Suwalki compared to Bialystok and Lomza. The trend was noted regardless of the cause of death from lag 0 to lag 0–3. In a comparison of seasons, we noted higher CVD mortality OR in the cold season for PM10 in Suwalki (P=0.047) and Bialystok (p=0.001). However, the impact of NO2 (P=0.02) and PM10 (P=0.03) on CAD related mortality was higher in the warm season. Conclusions The impact of air pollution on CVD mortality is also observed in moderately polluted areas. PMs and NO2 had the greatest impact on CAD-related mortality. Differences in effect size and seasonality may depend on the source of air pollution. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

scholarly journals The 10-Year Study of the Impact of Particulate Matters on Mortality in Two Transit Cities in North-Eastern Poland (PL-PARTICLES)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3445
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kuźma ◽  
Emil Julian Dąbrowski ◽  
Anna Kurasz ◽  
Hanna Bachórzewska-Gajewska ◽  
Sławomir Dobrzycki
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Particulate Matters ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Respiratory Mortality ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Impact

The detrimental influence of air pollution on mortality has been established in a series of studies. The majority of them were conducted in large, highly polluted cities—there is a lack of studies from small, relatively clean regions. The aim was to analyze the short-term impact of particulate matters (PMs) on mortality in north-eastern Poland. Time-stratified case-crossover design was performed for mortality in years 2008–2017. Daily concentrations of PM2.5 (28.4 µg/m3, interquartile range (IQR) = 25.2) vs. (12.6 µg/m3, IQR = 9.0) and PM10 (29.0 µg/m3, IQR = 18.0) vs. (21.7 µg/m3, IQR = 14.5) were higher in Łomża than Suwałki (p < 0.001). Impact of PM2.5 on mortality was recorded in Łomża (odds ratio (OR) for IQR increase 1.061, 1.017–1.105, p = 0.06, lag 0) and Suwałki (OR for IQR increase 1.044, 1.001–1.089, p = 0.004, lag 0). PM10 had an impact on mortality in Łomża (OR for IQR increase 1.028, 1.000–1.058, p = 0.049, lag 1). Cardiovascular mortality was affected by increase of PM2.5 in Łomża (1.086, 1.020–1.156, p = 0.01) and Suwałki (1.085, 1.005–1.171, p = 0.04). PM2.5 had an influence on respiratory mortality in Łomża (1.163, 1.021–1.380, p = 0.03, lag 1). In the whole studied region, despite differences in the air quality, the influence of PMs on mortality was observed.

Impact of air pollution on mortality due to cerebrovascular diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Kuzma ◽  
EJ Dabrowski ◽  
A Kurasz ◽  
M Swieczkowski ◽  
H Bachorzewska-Gajewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Effect ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Funding Acknowledgements

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background The short-term effect of air pollution on cardiovascular mortality is well-documented but a scarce number of studies focus on cause-specific mortality in low-polluted areas. Purpose We decided to distinguish deaths due to cerebrovascular disease (CbVD) from a region widely known as the Green Lungs of Poland to assess the short-term effect of air pollution on CbVD mortality. Methods The analysis with almost 4,500,000 person-years of follow-up with a time-stratified case-crossover design was performed. Results are reported as odds ratio (OR) associated with an increase in interquartile range (IQR) of air pollution. Results In the overall analysis of the studied region PM2.5 had an impact on increased CbVD mortality at LAG 0 (OR 1.046, 95% CI 1.013 – 1.080, P = 0.006), LAG 0-1 (1.048, 1.002-1.082, P = 0.040), and LAG 0-3 (1.052, 1.015-1.090, P = 0.006). The influence of PM10 was noted at LAG 0 (1.041, 1.002-1.082, P = 0.040). CbVD mortality in Bialystok was increased by exposure to PM10 at LAG 0 (1.05, 1.00-1.09, P = 0.048) and CO at LAG 1 (1.07, 1.00-1.14, P = 0.04). Additionally, an effect of CO was observed in cold season at LAG 1 (1.09, 1.02-1.17, P = 0.02), LAG 0-1 (1.08, 1.00-1.016, P = 0.04), and LAG 0-3 (1.09, 1.01-1.18, P = 0.04). In Suwalki, an impact of PM2.5 was also observed. Conclusions A short-term increase in air pollutants concentrations, especially in PM2.5 and CO, had an influence on CbVD mortality. Mortality rates were significantly increased in cold season. We also found heterogeneity in the influence of major contributors on mortality between analyzed cities.

Original article: Effect of short-term exposure to air pollution and pollen on medical emergency calls: a case-crossover study in Spain

Allergy ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Carracedo-Martinez ◽  
C. Sanchez ◽  
M. Taracido ◽  
M. Saez ◽  
V. Jato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Emergency Calls ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Short Term Exposure

scholarly journals Estimating Short- and Long-Term Associations Between Air Quality Index and COVID-19 Transmission: Evidence From 257 Chinese Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru Cao ◽  
Yuxin Wang ◽  
Xiaochuan Pan ◽  
Xiaobin Jin ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Air Quality Index ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Migration Index ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Long Term Impact

Objectives: To evaluate the long- and short-term effects of air pollution on COVID-19 transmission simultaneously, especially in high air pollution level countries.Methods: Quasi-Poisson regression was applied to estimate the association between exposure to air pollution and daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19, with mutual adjustment for long- and short-term air quality index (AQI). The independent effects were also estimated and compared. We further assessed the modification effect of within-city migration (WM) index to the associations.Results: We found a significant 1.61% (95%CI: 0.51%, 2.72%) and 0.35% (95%CI: 0.24%, 0.46%) increase in daily confirmed cases per 1 unit increase in long- and short-term AQI. Higher estimates were observed for long-term impact. The stratifying result showed that the association was significant when the within-city migration index was low. A 1.25% (95%CI: 0.0.04%, 2.47%) and 0.41% (95%CI: 0.30%, 0.52%) increase for long- and short-term effect respectively in low within-city migration index was observed.Conclusions: There existed positive associations between long- and short-term AQI and COVID-19 transmission, and within-city migration index modified the association. Our findings will be of strategic significance for long-run COVID-19 control.

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