scholarly journals Effects of High Intensity Exercise on Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Untrained Humans: A Systematic Review

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1272
Author(s):  
Yining Lu ◽  
Huw D. Wiltshire ◽  
Julien S. Baker ◽  
Qiaojun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Participation in exercise promotes health. High intensity exercise (HIE) has become increasingly popular among the general population, however, its effects on exercise-induced oxidative stress and antioxidant status in untrained humans is not clear. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the influence of HIE on oxidative stress and antioxidant status in untrained humans. Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus were searched until March 2021. A methodological quality assessment valuation/estimation was additionally carried out in the final sample of studies. Following the PRISMA selection process, 21 studies were finally included. There was strong evidence that acute oxidative stress following the cessation of HIE exists when compared to resting states. The HIE-induced oxidative stress is transient and is most likely restored to normal levels within 24 h due to the stimulated endogenous antioxidant system whose response was lagging and lasting. Physically active humans had better antioxidant systems and suffered less oxidative stress after HIE. A physically active lifestyle was considered to enhance antioxidant capacity. For untrained humans, HIE with intensities above 70% VO2max are proposed for initial exercise levels based on the findings reported here.

scholarly journals PO-133 Effects of different concentrations of hydrogen on oxidative stress in rats with high intensity exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Geng ◽  
Zhihui Li ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Chenggang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exercise Induced

Objective Exercise-induced oxidative stress is due to the massive increase in free radicals caused by strenuous exercise, which exceeds the ability of self-clearing. It is one of the main causes of sports injury and sports fatigue. Eliminating excessive production of free radicals is the key to alleviating exercise induced oxidative damage. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to study the effect of hydrogen on exercise-induced oxidative damage, to explore its possible mechanism and to explore the best dose of hydrogen with different concentrations. Methods 40 male SD rats (200±20g) were randomly divided into five groups(n=8):sedentary, exercise control, low concentration hydrogen with exercise(H1), medium concentration hydrogen with exercise(H2), high concentration hydrogen with exercise(H3). The rats performed high-intensity exercise for 4 weeks, except the sedentary. rats that with Low, medium and high concentration hydrogen were placed in a hydrogen atmosphere with a concentration of 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% for 1 h immediately after each exercise (keeping the concentration of oxygen and nitrogen in the environment the same as those in the air). The rats were weighed weekly during the experiment. The next day after 4 weeks of training, the samples were collected, and the contents of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (T- AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined respectively. Results The weight of exercise control was significantly lower than sedentary in the third and fourth weeks of exercise (P<0.05). Compared to sedentary rats, there was no significant difference in the weight of rats between H1, H2 and H3 group. The contents of T-AOC, CAT and T-SOD in exercise control were significantly higher than those in sedentary (P<0.05). The content of CAT in H2 group was significantly decreased compared with exercise control (P<0.01). Compared with exercise control, the T-AOC and T-SOD in the H2 group showed a downward trend but no statistical difference (P>0.05), there was no significant difference between the above indexes, compared with sedentary. In addition, there was no difference in T-SOD and CAT content between H1 group and exercise control; Compared with exercise control, there was no significant difference in T-SOD, T-AOC and CAT in H3 group. At the MDA level, each exercise group increased significantly compared with the sedentary (P<0.05), and the MDA levels in the H1, H2, and H3 groups were decreased compared with the exercise control, but there was no statistical difference. Conclusions It can be seen from the above results that different concentrations of hydrogen intervention can improve the weight loss of rats after intensive exercise. More importantly, the dosage and effect of 1% concentration of hydrogen is easier to remove the excessive radicals produced by intense exercise in the body, avoid the aggravation of oxidative stress, and have very good therapeutic effect. It provides a theoretical basis for the further study of the application of hydrogen in exercise oxidative damage. 

Exercise, free radicals and oxidative stress

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Cooper ◽  
N. B. J. Vollaard ◽  
T. Choueiri ◽  
M. T. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Haem Proteins ◽  
Sporting Performance

This article reviews the role of free radicals in causing oxidative stress during exercise. High intensity exercise induces oxidative stress and although there is no evidence that this affects sporting performance in the short term, it may have longer term health consequences. The mechanisms of exercise-induced oxidative stress are not well understood. Mitochondria are sometimes considered to be the main source of free radicals, but in vitro studies suggest they may play a more minor role than was first thought. There is a growing acceptance of the importance of haem proteins in inducing oxidative stress. The release of metmyoglobin from damaged muscle is known to cause renal failure in exercise rhabdomyolysis. Furthermore, levels of methaemoglobin increase during high intensity exercise, while levels of antioxidants, such as reduced glutathione, decrease. We suggest that the free-radical-mediated damage caused by the interaction of metmyoglobin and methaemoglobin with peroxides may be an important source of oxidative stress during exercise.

scholarly journals Dietary Cucumis melo reduces markers of muscle and articular inflammation following high-intensity exercise in horses

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L MacNicol ◽  
Michael Ivan Lindinger ◽  
Michael I Lindinger ◽  
Anna Kate Shoveller ◽  
John P Cant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Exercise Induced

We evaluated the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory potential of daily oral supplementation with a proprietary powdered Cucumis melo pulp (CMP) on exercise-induced markers of articular and muscular oxidative stress and inflammation in 12 horses. Horses performed a high-intensity exercise test immediately prior to, and then following, 3 weeks of daily supplementation of 1 g powdered CMP (CMP; n=8). Controls (Co; n=8) underwent the same exercise and sampling regime but were not supplemented. Blood and synovial fluid (SF) samples were taken 24 h prior to exercise (BL), and at 1 and 24 h following exercise. Plasma and SF were analysed for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), total antioxidant status (TAS), nitrite and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. SF was analysed for glycosaminoglycans (GAG), and plasma was analysed for thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Comparisons were made using repeated measures with the initial exercise test as a covariate. There was an increase in SF SOD activity in the CMP group. Compared to Co at 1 h, CMP reduced nitrite and GAG in SF, as well as maintained plasma TAS and lymphocyte levels. At 24 h, plasma PGE2 and creatine kinase were lower in horses receiving CMP. Three weeks of supplementation with CMP reduced markers of articular and skeletal muscle oxidative stress and inflammation in response to high-intensity exercise in horses. Nutritive antioxidants may provide a useful adjunct to the daily nutrition plan of horses undergoing regular exercise training and competition.

scholarly journals Cyclic Voltammetry in Biological Samples: A Systematic Review of Methods and Techniques Applicable to Clinical Settings

Signals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-158
Author(s):  
Hsiang-Wei Wang ◽  
Cameron Bringans ◽  
Anthony J. R. Hickey ◽  
John A. Windsor ◽  
Paul A. Kilmartin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Electrochemical Technique ◽  
Processing And Storage

Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, but there is no accurate measurement of oxidative stress or antioxidants that has utility in the clinical setting. Cyclic Voltammetry is an electrochemical technique that has been widely used for analyzing redox status in industrial and research settings. It has also recently been applied to assess the antioxidant status of in vivo biological samples. This systematic review identified 38 studies that used cyclic voltammetry to determine the change in antioxidant status in humans and animals. It focusses on the methods for sample preparation, processing and storage, experimental setup and techniques used to identify the antioxidants responsible for the voltammetric peaks. The aim is to provide key information to those intending to use cyclic voltammetry to measure antioxidants in biological samples in a clinical setting.

scholarly journals Exercise-Induced Lactate Release Mediates Mitochondrial Biogenesis in the Hippocampus of Mice via Monocarboxylate Transporters

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonghyuk Park ◽  
Jimmy Kim ◽  
Toshio Mikami
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Mtdna Copy Number ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Extracellular Lactate ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
The Brain

Regular exercise training induces mitochondrial biogenesis in the brain via activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-coactivator 1α (PGC-1α). However, it remains unclear whether a single bout of exercise would increase mitochondrial biogenesis in the brain. Therefore, we first investigated whether mitochondrial biogenesis in the hippocampus is affected by a single bout of exercise in mice. A single bout of high-intensity exercise, but not low- or moderate-intensity, increased hippocampal PGC-1α mRNA and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number at 12 and 48h. These results depended on exercise intensity, and blood lactate levels observed immediately after exercise. As lactate induces mitochondrial biogenesis in the brain, we examined the effects of acute lactate administration on blood and hippocampal extracellular lactate concentration by in vivo microdialysis. Intraperitoneal (I.P.) lactate injection increased hippocampal extracellular lactate concentration to the same as blood lactate level, promoting PGC-1α mRNA expression in the hippocampus. However, this was suppressed by administering UK5099, a lactate transporter inhibitor, before lactate injection. I.P. UK5099 administration did not affect running performance and blood lactate concentration immediately after exercise but attenuated exercise-induced hippocampal PGC-1α mRNA and mtDNA copy number. In addition, hippocampal monocarboxylate transporters (MCT)1, MCT2, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expression, except MCT4, also increased after high-intensity exercise, which was abolished by UK5099 administration. Further, injection of 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-arabinitol (glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor) into the hippocampus before high-intensity exercise suppressed glycogen consumption during exercise, but hippocampal lactate, PGC-1α, MCT1, and MCT2 mRNA concentrations were not altered after exercise. These results indicate that the increased blood lactate released from skeletal muscle may induce hippocampal mitochondrial biogenesis and BDNF expression by inducing MCT expression in mice, especially during short-term high-intensity exercise. Thus, a single bout of exercise above the lactate threshold could provide an effective strategy for increasing mitochondrial biogenesis in the hippocampus.

scholarly journals The Effect of Tribulus Terrestris Supplementation on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Performance of Recreational Runners: Study Protocol for a Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Nejati ◽  
Parvin Dehghan ◽  
Mostapha Khani
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Recreational Runners ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Exercise Induced

Abstract Background: High intensity and endurance exercises lead to exercise-induced oxidative stress (EIOS), exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), and inflammation, which are the influencing factors on muscle soreness, localized swelling, and sport performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of Tribulus terrestris (TT) as an herbal supplement with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties on the nutritional, oxidative stress, and anti/inflammatory status, as well as the sport performance of recreational runners.Methods/design: This study is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, which will be conducted among recreational runners of Tabriz stadiums, Iran. Thirty-four recreational runners will be selected, and participants will be assigned randomly to two groups: to receive 500 mg TT supplement or placebo capsules twice daily for two weeks. Both groups will do the high-intensity interval training (HIIT) workouts during the study. Baseline and post-intervention body composition, muscle fatigue, and soreness parameters will be assessed. In addition, assessment of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) will be done during three blood samplings.Discussion: This study will be the first to assess the potential effects of TT in recreational runners. Our results will contribute to the growing body of knowledge regarding TT supplementation on the nutritional, oxidative stress, anti/inflammatory status and sport performance in recreational runners.Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (www.irct.ir) (ID: IRCT20150205020965N8). Registration date: 13 February 2021.

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