scholarly journals Cytokinin Sensing in Bacteria

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Samar Kabbara ◽  
Baptiste Bidon ◽  
Jaafar Kilani ◽  
Marwan Osman ◽  
Monzer Hamze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Signaling ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Cellular Signaling ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Signaling Mechanisms ◽  
Plant Chemicals ◽  
First Time ◽  
Broad Role

Although it has long been known that bacteria detect and react to plant chemicals to establish an interaction, the cellular signaling mechanisms involved in these perception processes have hitherto remained obscure. Some exciting recent advances in the field have described, for the first time, how some phytopathogenic bacteria sense the host plant hormones, cytokinins. These discoveries not only advance the understanding of cell signaling circuitries engaged in cytokinin sensing in non-plant organisms, but also increase our knowledge of the broad role of these ancient molecules in regulating intra- and interspecific communications.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF SYNAPSIN I IN INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING MECHANISMS UNDERLIES EXERCISE-INDUCED IMPROVEMENT IN SOCIAL MEMORY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Ria Margiana ◽  
Akmal Primadian Suprapto
Keyword(s):  
Cell Signaling ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Synapsin I ◽  
Signaling Mechanism ◽  
Signaling Mechanisms ◽  
Exercise Induced

  Objective: Intracellular signaling mechanism is an important biological function, as scholars continue to seek new ways of improving social memory. Researchers have conducted several studies on the role of synapsin I in intracellular signaling mechanism. This study assessed the empirical evidence that shows the role of synapsin I in intracellular signaling mechanism with the aim of achieving exercise-induced improvement in social memory.Methods: Nine previously conducted researches were reviewed in this paper. The included studies were controlled laboratory experiments involving mice as the subjects.Results: Although the studies included were done in different timelines, the researchers agreed in unison that synapsin I plays a crucial role in cell signaling. The outcome of the practical studies was vital in understanding function and physiology of human cells, which is fundamental in science and human anatomy.Conclusion: In particular, the findings shows how exercise can improve social memory by triggering the intracellular signaling mechanism. The limited number of studies addressing the topic of intracellular cell signaling suggests that more study is needed to provide more evidence on the issue.

scholarly journals Using the Biology of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia to Choose Treatment

Hematology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hillmen
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Signaling Mechanisms ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Time ◽  
Targeted Approach

AbstractIn recent years, our understanding of the pathophysiology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has advanced significantly. It is now clear that CLL is a relatively proliferative disorder that requires the help of its microenvironment to be maintained and to progress. The stimulation of the CLL cell occurs in most, if not all, patients through antigen stimulation via the BCR. In addition, there is now a clearer appreciation of the role of the p53 pathway leading to chemoresistance. These insights are allowing a more targeted approach with the use of p53-independent drugs such as mAbs and high-dose steroids to overcome genetically poor-risk CLL. The elucidation of the molecular and intracellular signaling mechanisms of disease is just beginning to facilitate the development of several targeted small molecules that promise to revolutionize the treatment of CLL. The measurement of the level of minimal residual disease (MRD) in CLL is becoming more available, facilitating approaches in which the aim of therapy is the eradication of detectable MRD. This also promises to improve personalization of therapy to the individual. Recently, the addition of rituximab to fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide (FCR) has improved overall survival in CLL for the first time, and it appears that this will only be the first small step on the path to much more effective therapies and, hopefully, less toxic targeted therapies.

Cell signaling underlying the pathophysiology of pneumonia

2006 ◽  
Vol 291 (3) ◽  
pp. L297-L300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice S. Prince ◽  
Joseph P. Mizgerd ◽  
Jeanine Wiener-Kronish ◽  
Jahar Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Cell Signaling ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Tnf Receptor ◽  
Cytokine Induction ◽  
Signaling Mechanisms ◽  
Innate Immune Mechanism ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Alveolar Capillary

The symposium addressed the burgeoning interest in fundamental mechanisms underlying the onset of pneumonia. Bacteria exploit the lung's innate immune mechanism, resulting in pathophysiological cell signaling. As a consequence inflammation develops, leading to pneumonia. New mechanisms have been identified by which bacteria or bacterial products in the airway induce cross-compartmental signaling that leads to inflammatory consequences. The speakers addressed activation of the transcription factor, NF-κB occurring as a consequence of bacterial interactions with specific receptors, such as the Toll-like receptors and the TNF receptor 1 (Prince), or as a consequence of cytokine induction (Mizgerd). Also considered were mechanisms of bacterial virulence in the clinical setting (Wiener-Kronish) and the role of alveolar-capillary signaling mechanisms in the initiation of lung inflammation.

scholarly journals First Report on the Acrobat Ant Crematogaster scutellaris Storing Live Aphids in Its Oak-Gall Nests

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Daniele Giannetti ◽  
Mauro Mandrioli ◽  
Enrico Schifani ◽  
Cristina Castracani ◽  
Fiorenza A. Spotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
First Report ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Mutualistic Interactions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Internal Architecture

This study provides new data about the role of ants in mutualistic interactions with aphids mediated by galls. We focused our investigation on galls induced by the cynipid Andricus kollari by conducting a survey and a subsequent experiment in an Italian oak forest. The ants Crematogaster scutellaris, Colobopsis truncata and Temnothorax italicus frequently used the galls as nests: Crematogaster scutellaris occupied galls which were located higher on the oak trees, while C. truncata and T. italicus were located at lower positions. In addition, galls occupied by C. scutellaris showed varied internal architecture in relation to the colony composition. Importantly, field surveys revealed for the first time that C. scutellaris nest galls also contained live individuals of the non-galligenous aphid Panaphis juglandis. Field experiments suggested that the ants actively seek, collect and stock live aphids. No signs of predation and injuries were detected on the stored aphids, which were probably kept for safe overwintering, though we cannot exclude a possible occasional use as food. This report reveals a possible novel relationship which could have important consequences on the phenology and presence of aphids on the host plant.

Psychological Resilience Provides No Independent Protection From Suicidal Risk

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danica W. Y. Liu ◽  
A. Kate Fairweather-Schmidt ◽  
Richard Burns ◽  
Rachel M. Roberts ◽  
Kaarin J. Anstey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Resilience Factors ◽  
First Time

Abstract. Background: Little is known about the role of resilience in the likelihood of suicidal ideation (SI) over time. Aims: We examined the association between resilience and SI in a young-adult cohort over 4 years. Our objectives were to determine whether resilience was associated with SI at follow-up or, conversely, whether SI was associated with lowered resilience at follow-up. Method: Participants were selected from the Personality and Total Health (PATH) Through Life Project from Canberra and Queanbeyan, Australia, aged 28–32 years at the first time point and 32–36 at the second. Multinomial, linear, and binary regression analyses explored the association between resilience and SI over two time points. Models were adjusted for suicidality risk factors. Results: While unadjusted analyses identified associations between resilience and SI, these effects were fully explained by the inclusion of other suicidality risk factors. Conclusion: Despite strong cross-sectional associations, resilience and SI appear to be unrelated in a longitudinal context, once risk/resilience factors are controlled for. As independent indicators of psychological well-being, suicidality and resilience are essential if current status is to be captured. However, the addition of other factors (e.g., support, mastery) makes this association tenuous. Consequently, resilience per se may not be protective of SI.

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