Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of Chromogranin A in Parkinson’s Disease and Multiple System Atrophy

Background: Chromogranin A (CgA) and other peptides from the chromogranin–secretogranin family have been recently studied as potential biomarkers of various neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: We measured CgA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 119 PD patients, 18 multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients, and 31 age-matched controls. We also correlated the values with disease duration and levodopa dose equivalent. Results: In the PD patients, CSF CgA tended to be lower than the control group (median 124.5 vs. 185.2 µg/L; p = 0.057); however, the results did not reach statistical significance. CSF CgA levels in MSA were significantly lower compared to the control group (median 104.4 vs. 185.2; p = 0.014). There was no significant difference in CSF CgA between PD and MSA patients (p = 0.372). There was no association between CSF CgA and disease duration or levodopa dose equivalent in PD or in MSA. Conclusions: We observed a tendency toward lower CSF CgA levels in both PD and MSA compared to the control group; however, the difference reached statistical significance only in MSA. Based on these results, CgA may have potential as a biomarker in PD and MSA, but further studies on larger numbers of patients are needed to draw conclusions.

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Cerebrospinal fluid levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in Parkinson’s disease and atypical parkinsonian syndromes

Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽

10.1159/000520302 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michaela Kaiserova ◽

Monika Chudackova ◽

Hana Prikrylova Vranova ◽

Katerina Mensikova ◽

Anetta Kastelikova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Corticobasal Degeneration ◽

Control Group ◽

Csf Biomarkers ◽

Parkinsonian Syndromes ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid

Background: Various cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are studied in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS). Several studies found reduced 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), the main serotonin metabolite, in PD. There is little evidence regarding its levels in APS. Methods: We measured 5-HIAA in the CSF of 90 PD patients, 16 MSA patients, 26 progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients, 11 corticobasal degeneration (CBD) patients, and 31 controls. We also compared the values in depressed and non-depressed patients. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in CSF 5-HIAA in PD and MSA compared to the control group (median in PD 15.8 µg/l, in MSA 13.6 µg/l vs. 24.3 µg/l in controls; P=0.0008 in PD, P=0.006 in MSA). There was no statistically significant difference in CSF 5-HIAA in PSP and CBD compared to the control group (median in PSP 22.7 µg/l, in CBD 18.7 µg/l vs. 24.3 µg/l in controls; P= 1 in both PSP and CBD). CSF 5-HIAA levels were lower in PD patients with depression compared to PD patients without depression (median 8.34 vs. 18.48, P<0.0001). Conclusions: CSF 5-HIAA is decreased in PD and MSA. The CSF 5-HIAA levels in PSP and CBS did not differ from those of the control group. There was a tendency toward lower CSF 5-HIAA in MSA than in PD, however, the results did not reach statistical significance. These results may be explained by more severe damage of the serotonergic system in synucleinopathies (PD, MSA) than in tauopathies (PSP, CBS).

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Alteration in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Lipidome in Parkinson’s Disease: A Post-Mortem Pilot Study

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines9050491 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 491

Author(s):

Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen ◽

Paz Cartas-Cejudo ◽

Marta Iruarrizaga-Lejarreta ◽

Enrique Santamaría

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Small Population ◽

Control Group ◽

Post Mortem ◽

Cellular Models ◽

Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽

Lipid Species

Lipid metabolism is clearly associated to Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although lipid homeostasis has been widely studied in multiple animal and cellular models, as well as in blood derived from PD individuals, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lipidomic profile in PD remains largely unexplored. In this study, we characterized the post-mortem CSF lipidomic imbalance between neurologically intact controls (n = 10) and PD subjects (n = 20). The combination of dual extraction with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-qToF-MS/MS) allowed for the monitoring of 257 lipid species across all samples. Complementary multivariate and univariate data analysis identified that glycerolipids (mono-, di-, and triacylglycerides), saturated and mono/polyunsaturated fatty acids, primary fatty amides, glycerophospholipids (phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines), sphingolipids (ceramides, sphingomyelins), N-acylethanolamines and sterol lipids (cholesteryl esters, steroids) were significantly increased in the CSF of PD compared to the control group. Interestingly, CSF lipid dyshomeostasis differed depending on neuropathological staging and disease duration. These results, despite the limitation of being obtained in a small population, suggest extensive CSF lipid remodeling in PD, shedding new light on the deployment of CSF lipidomics as a promising tool to identify potential lipid markers as well as discriminatory lipid species between PD and other atypical parkinsonisms.

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Decreased cerebrospinal fluid nitrate levels in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and multiple system atrophy patients

Journal of the Neurological Sciences ◽

10.1016/0022-510x(94)90155-4 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 121 (1) ◽

pp. 46-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Michael A. Kuiper ◽

Jelle J. Visser ◽

Paul L.M. Bergmans ◽

Philip Scheltens ◽

Erik C. Wolters

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Multiple System Atrophy

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Post mortem cerebrospinal fluid α-synuclein levels are raised in multiple system atrophy and distinguish this from the other α-synucleinopathies, Parkinson's disease and Dementia with Lewy bodies

Neurobiology of Disease ◽

10.1016/j.nbd.2011.08.003 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 188-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

P.G. Foulds ◽

O. Yokota ◽

A. Thurston ◽

Y. Davidson ◽

Z. Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Multiple System Atrophy ◽

Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽

Lewy Bodies ◽

The Other ◽

Post Mortem

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Compared with the monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) and the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein ratio (NHR) is more valuable for assessing the inflammatory process in Parkinson’s disease

Lipids in Health and Disease ◽

10.1186/s12944-021-01462-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhu Liu ◽

Qingli Fan ◽

Shizheng Wu ◽

Yaqi Wan ◽

Yancheng Lei

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Disease Duration ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Density ◽

Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽

Control Group ◽

Lymphocyte Ratio

Abstract Background The inflammatory response plays essential roles in the pathological process and prognosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). This research investigated the predictive value of the neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein ratio (NHR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) for PD. Methods Patients with PD (n = 98) were divided into three groups according to disease duration: < 6 years (n = 55), 6–10 years (n = 29) and > 10 years (n = 14). Based on the classification system of Hoehn and Yahr, grades 1 ~ 2.5 were considered early-stage PD (n = 44), and grades 3 ~ 5 were considered advanced-stage PD (n = 54). In addition, healthy subjects (n = 98) matched to the above PD patients in the same period were selected as the control group. Differences in the NHR, NLR, MHR and other indicators among the groups were evaluated. Results Smoking, drinking, the neutrophil count and the NHR and NLR were remarkably greater and hypertension, index of body mass, the lymphocyte count, and the levels of cholesterol in total, triglycerides, lipoprotein cholesterol with low density and uric acid were sharply lower in the PD group compared with in the control group. Analysis of multifactor logistic regression indicated that the NHR (odds ratio (adjusted OR) = 1.576, 95% CI: 1.053 ~ 2.358, P = 0.027) and NLR (adjusted OR = 1.734, 95% CI: 1.046 ~ 2.876, P = 0.033) were factors of risk for PD, while the MHR was not significantly correlated with PD. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUCs) for the prediction of PD by the NHR and NLR were 0.654 (95% CI: 0.583 ~ 0.721, P = 0.0001) and 0.69 (95% CI: 0.62 ~ 0.754, P < 0.0001), respectively, and the optimal cutoff values were 1.848 × 109/mmol and 2.62 × 109/mmol. Spearman’s correlation analysis indicated that the NHR was correlated with the disease duration significantly negatively and that the MHR was positively correlated with disease severity. Conclusions In summary, the NHR not only has strong predictive value for PD but is also closely related to disease duration. The NHR may be a better prediction for the long-period clinical results in PD patients than the MHR and NLR. Trial registration Clinical medical reserach center project of Qinghai Province (2017-SF-L1).

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Complement 3 and Factor H in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid in Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, and Multiple-System Atrophy

American Journal Of Pathology ◽

10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.01.006 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 178 (4) ◽

pp. 1509-1516 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Yu Wang ◽

Aneeka M. Hancock ◽

Joshua Bradner ◽

Kathryn A. Chung ◽

Joseph F. Quinn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Multiple System Atrophy ◽

Factor H ◽

Human Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Complement 3

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Serotonin Transporter Availability in Early Stage Parkinson’s Disease and Multiple System Atrophy

ISRN Neurology ◽

10.1155/2014/345132 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. R. Suwijn ◽

H. W. Berendse ◽

C. V. M. Verschuur ◽

R. M. A. de Bie ◽

J. Booij

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Multiple System Atrophy ◽

Dopamine Transporter ◽

Serotonin Transporter ◽

Disease Duration ◽

Early Stage ◽

Spect Imaging ◽

Parkinsonian Syndrome ◽

Atypical Parkinsonian Syndrome

Background. Differentiating Parkinson’s disease (PD) from multiple system atrophy (MSA) can be challenging especially early in the course of the disease. Previous studies have shown that midbrain serotonin transporter (SERT) availability in patients with established MSA was significantly lower compared to PD. It is unknown if this is also true for early-stage patients. Methods. 77 early-stage, untreated PD patients were recruited between 1995 and 1998, underwent [123I]β-CIT SPECT imaging, and were followed for at least five years. 16 patients were lost to followup, and in 4 the diagnosis was changed to another atypical parkinsonian syndrome, but not in MSA. In 50 patients, the PD diagnosis was unchanged at followup. In seven patients, the diagnosis was changed to MSA at followup. We retrospectively assessed baseline midbrain SERT availability as well as midbrain SERT-to-striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) ratios. Results. No difference in baseline [123I]β-CIT SERT availability was found. The midbrain SERT-to-striatal DAT ratio for whole striatum was significantly lower in patients with PD compared to MSA (P=0.049). However, when adjusting for the disease duration at imaging this difference is not significant (P=0.070). Conclusion. Midbrain SERT availability is not different between early-stage PD and MSA. Therefore, SERT imaging is not useful to differentiate between early PD and MSA.

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