Reviewing Theoretical and Numerical Models for PCM-embedded Cementitious Composites

Accumulating solar and/or environmental heat in walls of apartment buildings or houses is a way to level-out daily temperature differences and significantly cut back on energy demands. A possible way to achieve this goal is by developing advanced composites that consist of porous cementitious materials with embedded phase change materials (PCMs) that have the potential to accumulate or liberate heat energy during a chemical phase change from liquid to solid, or vice versa. This paper aims to report the current state of art on numerical and theoretical approaches available in the scientific literature for modelling the thermal behavior and heat accumulation/liberation of PCMs employed in cement-based composites. The work focuses on reviewing numerical tools for modelling phase change problems while emphasizing the so-called Stefan problem, or particularly, on the numerical techniques available for solving it. In this research field, it is the fixed grid method that is the most commonly and practically applied approach. After this, a discussion on the modelling procedures available for schematizing cementitious composites with embedded PCMs is reported.

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The effect of metal wool on the charging and discharging rate of the phase transition thermal storage material

Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies ◽

10.15587/1729-4061.2021.239065 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (5(112)) ◽

pp. 12-20

Author(s):

Olga Khliyeva ◽

Vitaly Zhelezny ◽

Aleksey Paskal ◽

Yana Hlek ◽

Dmytro Ivchenko

Keyword(s):

Power Systems ◽

Phase Change ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Thermal Storage ◽

Heating Time ◽

Phase Changes ◽

Storage Material ◽

Heat Accumulation ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

Efficiency And Reliability

Thermal energy storage (TES) plays an important role in solar heat power systems. The use of phase change materials (PCM) and selecting additives to increase the rate of heat accumulation is a promising way to increase the efficiency and reliability of such systems. The objects of the study were pure paraffin wax (PW) and composite PCMs based on it (containing aluminum and copper wool of 30 and 45 μm in diameter, respectively). An experimental setup with a cylindrical measuring cell was created, which was also considered as a model of a capsule with a thermal storage material. The rate of temperature change in the pure PW sample and samples of composite PCMs was experimentally measured. Two modes of heating and cooling were investigated: from 48 to 59 °C (mode with a phase change) and from 30 to 40 °C (mode without phase changes). Heating time from 48 to 59 °C for the PW sample was 13 min., for the PW samples with the content of aluminum wool of 0.00588 and 0.01780 m3·m-3 − 11 and 10.5 min., for the PW samples with the content of copper wool of 0.00524 and 0.01380 m3·m-3 − 11 and 8 min., correspondingly. The minimum heating time from 30 to 40 °C was 6 min. for the sample of PW with 0.01380 m3·m-3 of copper wool in comparison with 9 min. for the sample of pure PW. The expediency of using copper wool as an additive to thermal storage materials of PW to increase the charging and discharging rate of TES devices without significantly raising their price was confirmed. The presence of metal wool in molten PW suppresses bottom-up convective currents, so the main mechanism of heat transfer is thermal conductivity. This fact will contribute to a faster equalization of the temperature field by the height of heat storage capsules

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A second order accurate fixed-grid method for multi-dimensional Stefan problem with moving phase change materials

Applied Mathematics and Computation ◽

10.1016/j.amc.2021.126719 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 416 ◽

pp. 126719

Author(s):

S. Nandi ◽

Y.V.S.S. Sanyasiraju

Keyword(s):

Phase Change ◽

Stefan Problem ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Grid Method ◽

Second Order ◽

Fixed Grid

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Selection Principles and Investigation of Substances for Synthesis of Composite Medium-Temperature Phase Change Materials for Space Heating and Domestic Hot Water

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.989.165 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 989 ◽

pp. 165-171

Author(s):

A.M. Morzhukhin ◽

D.S. Testov ◽

S.V. Morzhukhina

Keyword(s):

Phase Change ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Hot Water ◽

Temperature Phase ◽

Heat Accumulation ◽

Medium Temperature ◽

Domestic Hot Water ◽

Selection Principles ◽

Salt Hydrates ◽

Selection Of

The types of heat accumulation and the types of heat-accumulating materials are considered. It is shown that the most promising as heat-accumulating materials for heating and hot water are the salts hydrates. Based on the conducted factor analysis, a number of criteria are excluded from further consideration, which significantly reduces the list of criteria considered for selecting phase change materials (PCM) and simplifies further work on the selection of the most promising materials. There were selected from over 160 salt hydrates as PCM for the future of composite synthesis for the heating and hot water the Na (CH3COO) •3H2O, Ba (OH)2•8H2O, Mg (NO3)2 •6H2O and Zn (NO3)2•6H2O.

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Development of ductile cementitious composites incorporating microencapsulated phase change materials

International Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics ◽

10.1007/s12572-017-0182-9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 169-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Branko Šavija ◽

Mladena Luković ◽

Geerte M. G. Kotteman ◽

Stefan Chaves Figuieredo ◽

Fernando França de Mendoça Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phase Change ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Cementitious Composites ◽

Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials

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Application of lightweight aggregate and rice husk ash to incorporate phase change materials into cementitious materials

Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials ◽

10.1080/21650373.2016.1207576 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 349-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Naser P. Sharifi ◽

Hajar Jafferji ◽

Savannah E. Reynolds ◽

Madison G. Blanchard ◽

Aaron R. Sakulich

Keyword(s):

Phase Change ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Rice Husk Ash ◽

Lightweight Aggregate ◽

Cementitious Materials

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Effects of Neglecting PCM Hysteresis While Making Simulation Calculations of a Building Located in Polish Climatic Conditions

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11199166 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (19) ◽

pp. 9166

Author(s):

Anna Zastawna-Rumin ◽

Katarzyna Nowak

Keyword(s):

Surface Temperature ◽

Phase Change ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Model Building ◽

Experimental Tests ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Heat Accumulation ◽

Noticeable Effect ◽

Change Temperature ◽

The Impact

The use of phase change materials (PCM) in different building applications is a hot topic in today’s research and development activities. Numerous experimental tests confirmed that the hysteresis of the phase change process has a noticeable effect on heat accumulation in PCM. The authors are trying to answer the question of whether the neglecting of hysteresis or the impact of the speed of phase transformation processes reduce the accuracy of the simulation. The analysis was performed for a model building, created to validate the energy calculations. It was also important to conduct simulations for the polish climatic conditions. The calculations were conducted for three variants of materials. In addition, in the case of models containing layers with PCM, calculations were made both taking into account, as well as excluding material hysteresis in the calculations. In the analyzed examples, after taking into account hysteresis in the calculations, the period of time when surface temperature is below the phase change temperature of the materials decreased by 10.6% and 29.4% between 01 June to 30 September, for the options with PCM boards and Dupont boards, respectively. Significant differences in surface temperature were also observed. The effects of neglecting, even relatively small hysteresis, in the calculations are noticeable and can lead to significant errors in the calculation.

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Optimization of Material Properties of Phase Change Materials for Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage

MENDEL ◽

10.13164/mendel.2018.1.047 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 47-54

Author(s):

Michal Brezina ◽

Lubomir Klimes ◽

Josef Stetina

Keyword(s):

Phase Change ◽

Thermal Behaviour ◽

Renewable Resources ◽

Material Properties ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Heat Accumulation ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

High Production

Nowadays, people are increasingly interested in renewable energy sources and accumulation of energy for its efficient use. The use of non-renewable resources is progressively decreasing due to their adverse changes in climate conditions and high production of CO2 emissions. This work deals with the problem of heat accumulation by means of the phase change of a material using the Stefan problem, which serves to describe the temperature distribution in the medium and to determine the location of the interface between the solid and liquid phase. This approach is used to determine desired properties and thermal behaviour of the material under different accumulation requirements. The main objective was to create and solve an optimization model in order to determine heat transfer conditions and other parameters to ensure the extrema of thermal behaviour characterization.

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Experimental Study of the Behavior of Phase Change Materials during Interrupted Phase Change Processes

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14238021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (23) ◽

pp. 8021

Author(s):

Rohit Jogineedi ◽

Kaushik Biswas ◽

Som Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Phase Change ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Numerical Models ◽

Aluminum Foil ◽

Experimental Investigations ◽

Change Processes ◽

Research Article ◽

Thin Aluminum ◽

Phase Change Phenomena ◽

Change Material

This research article explores the behavior of a phase change material (PCM) when it undergoes interrupted melting and freezing, through experimental investigations using a heat flow meter apparatus. A fatty acid-based organic PCM, encapsulated within polyethylene and thin aluminum foil layers, was experimentally tested in this study. Experiments were designed to represent multiple interrupted phase change scenarios that could occur within PCMs applied in buildings. The experimental results were analyzed and compared with previously reported assumptions in numerical models dealing with PCM hysteresis and interrupted phase change processes. These comparisons indicated that the assumptions used in the different numerical models considered can capture the interrupted phase change phenomena with varying degrees of accuracy. The findings also highlighted the need for additional experimental research on different phase change processes that can occur in building applications of PCMs.

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